A K T O N A S L E D S T V U
KONVENCIJE O MIRNEM REŠEVANJU MEDNARODNIH SPOROV, SKLENJENE V HAAGU 29. JULIJA 1899 (MNKMRS)
Na podlagi 3. člena Ustavnega zakona za izvedbo Temeljne ustavne listine o samostojnosti in neodvisnosti Republike Slovenije v zvezi z določbami 1. člena Ustavnega zakona za izvedbo Ustave Republike Slovenije, Državni zbor Republike Slovenije odloča, da se notificira nasledstvo Republike Slovenije glede Konvencije o mirnem reševanju mednarodnih sporov, sklenjene v Haagu 29. julija 1899.
Konvencija se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in slovenskem prevodu objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe hkrati z aktom.
Ta akt začne veljati naslednji dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 700-01/96-45/1
Ljubljana, dne 19. julija 1996
Predsednik
Državnega zbora
Republike Slovenije
Jožef Školč l. r.
C O N V E N T I O N
FOR THE PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES
His Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia; His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, etc. and Apostolic King of Hungary; His Majesty the King of the Belgians; His Majesty the Emperor of China; His Majesty the King of Denmark; His Majesty the King of Spain and in His Name her Majesty the Queen Regent of the Kingdom; the President of the United States of America; the President of the United Mexican States; the President of the French Republic; Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India; His Majesty the King of the Hellenes; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxemburg, Duke of Nassau; His Highness the Prince of Montenegro; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, etc.; His Majesty the King of Roumania; His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias; His Majesty the King of Serbia; His Majesty the King of Siam; His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway; the Swiss Federal Council; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans and His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria;
Animated by a strong desire to work for the maintenance of general peace;
Resolved to promote by their best efforts the friendly settlement of international disputes;
Recognizing the solidarity uniting the members of the society of civilized nations;
Desirous of extending the empire of law, and of strengthening the appreciation of international justice;
Convinced that the permanent institution of a tribunal of arbitration, accessible to all, in the midst of the independent Powers, will contribute effectively to this result;
Having regard to the advantages attending the general and regular organization of the procedure of arbitration;
Sharing the opinion of the august initiator of the International Peace Conference that it is expedient to record in an international agreement the principles of equity and right on which are based the security of States and the welfare of peoples;
Being desirous of concluding a Convention to this effect, have appointed as their plenipotentiaries, to wit:
[Here follow the names of plenipotentiaries]
Who, after having communicated their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed on the following provisions:
Title I. On the Maintenance of the General Peace.
Article 1.
With a view to obviating, as far as possible, recourse to force in the relations between States, the Signatory Powers agree to use their best efforts to insure the pacific settlement of international differences.
Title II. On Good Offices and Mediation.
Article 2.
In case of serious disagreement or conflict, before an appeal to arms, the Signatory Powers agree to have recourse, as far as circumstances allow, to the good offices or mediation of one or more friendly Powers.
Article 3.
Independently of this recourse, the Signatory Powers recommend that one or more Powers, strangers to the dispute, should, on their own initiative, and as far as circumstances may allow, offer their good offices or mediation to the States at variance.
Powers, strangers to the dispute, have the right to offer good offices or mediation, even during the course of hostilities.
The exercise of this right can never be regarded by one or the other of the parties in conflict as an unfriendly act.
Article 4.
The part of the mediator consists in reconciling the opposing claims and appeasing the feelings of resentment which may have arisen between the States at variance.
Article 5.
The functions of the mediator are at an end when once it is declared, either by one of the parties to the dispute, or by the mediator himself, that the means of reconciliation proposed by him are not accepted.
Article 6.
Good offices and mediation, either at the request of the parties at variance, or on the initiative of Powers strangers to the dispute, have exclusively the character of advice, and never have binding force.
Article 7.
The acceptance of mediation cannot, unless there be an agreement to the contrary, have the effect of interrupting, delaying, or hindering mobilization or other measures of preparation for war.
If mediation occurs after the commencement of hostilities, it causes no interruption to the military operations in progress, unless there be an agreement to the contrary.
Article 8.
The Signatory Powers are agreed in recommending the application, when circumstances allow, of special mediation in the following form:
In case of a serious difference endangering the peace, the States at variance choose respectively a Power, to whom they intrust the mission of entering into direct communication with the Power chosen on the other side, with the object of preventing the rupture of pacific relations.
For the period of this mandate, the term of which, unless otherwise stipulated, cannot exceed thirty days, the States in conflict cease from all direct communication on the subject of the dispute, which is regarded as referred exclusively to the mediating Powers, who must use their best efforts to settle it.
In case of a definite rupture of pacific relations, these Powers are charged with the joint task of taking advantage of any opportunity to restore peace.
Title III. On International Commissions of Inquiry.
Article 9.
In differences of an international nature involving neither honour nor vital interests, and arising from a difference of opinion on points of fact, the Signatory Powers recommend that the parties, who have not been able to come to an agreement by means of diplomacy, should, as far as circumstances allow, institute an International Commission of Inquiry, to facilitate a solution of these differences by elucidating the facts by means of an impartial and conscientious investigation.
Article 10.
The International Commissions of Inquiry are constituted by special agreement between the parties in conflict.
The Convention for an inquiry defines the facts to be examined and the extent of the Commissioners’ powers.
It settles the procedure.
On the inquiry both sides must be heard.
The form and the periods to be observed, if not stated in the inquiry Convention, are decided by the Commission itself.
Article 11.
The International Commissions of Inquiry are formed, unless otherwise stipulated, in the manner fixed by Article 32 of the present convention.
Article 12.
The Powers in dispute engage to supply the International Commission of Inquiry, as fully as they may think possible, with all means and facilities necessary to enable it to be completely acquainted with and to accurately understand the facts in question.
Article 13.
The International Commission of Inquiry communicates its Report to the conflicting Powers, signed by all the members of the Commission.
Article 14.
The Report of the International Commission of Inquiry is limited to a statement of facts, and has in no way the character of an Arbitral Award. It leaves the conflicting Powers entire freedom as to the effect to be given to this statement.
Title IV. On International Arbitration.
Chapter I. On the System of Arbitration.
Article 15.
International arbitration has for its object the settlement of differences between States by judges of their own choice, and on the basis of respect for law.
Article 16.
In questions of a legal nature, and especially in the interpretation or application of International Conventions, arbitration is recognized by the Signatory Powers as the most effective, and at the same time the most equitable, means of settling disputes which diplomacy has failed to settle.
Article 17.
The Arbitration Convention is concluded for questions already existing or for questions which may arise eventually.
It may embrace any dispute or only disputes of a certain category.
Article 18.
The Arbitration Convention implies the engagement to submit loyally to the Award.
Article 19.
Independently of general or private Treaties expressly stipulating recourse to arbitration as obligatory on the Signatory Powers, these Powers reserve to themselves the right of concluding, either before the ratification of the present Act or later, new Agreements, general or private, with a view to extending obligatory arbitration to all cases which they may consider it possible to submit to it.
Chapter II. On the Permanent Court of Arbitration.
Article 20.
With the object of facilitating an immediate recourse to arbitration for international differences, which it has not been possible to settle by diplomacy, the Signatory Powers undertake to organize a permanent Court of Arbitration, accessible at all times and operating, unless otherwise stipulated by the parties, in accordance with the Rules of Procedure inserted in the present Convention.
Article 21.
The Permanent Court shall be competent for all arbitration cases, unless the parties agree to institute a special Tribunal.
Article 22.
An International Bureau, established at the Hague, serves as record office for the Court.
This Bureau is the channel for communications relative to the meetings of the Court.
It has the custody of the archives and conducts all the administrative business.
The Signatory Powers undertake to communicate to the International Bureau at the Hague a duly certified copy of any conditions of arbitration arrived at between them, and of any award concerning them delivered by special Tribunals.
They undertake also to communicate to the Bureau the Laws, Regulations, and documents eventually showing the execution of the awards given by the Court.
Article 23.
Within the three months following its ratification of the present Act, each Signatory Power shall select four persons at the most, of known competency in questions of international law, of the highest moral reputation, and disposed to accept the duties of Arbitrators.
The persons thus selected shall be inscribed, as members of the Court, in a list which shall be notified by the Bureau to all the Signatory Powers.
Any alteration in the list of Arbitrators is brought by the Bureau to the knowledge of the Signatory Powers.
Two or more Powers may agree on the selection in common of one or more Members.
The same person can be selected by different Powers.
The members of the Court are appointed for a term of six years. Their appointments can be renewed.
In case of the death or retirement of a member of the Court, his place shall be filled in accordance with the method of his appointment.
Article 24.
When the Signatory Powers desire to have recourse to the Permanent Court for the settlement of a difference that has arisen between them, the Arbitrators called upon to form the competent Tribunal to decide this difference, must be chosen from the general list of members of the Court.
Failing the direct agreement of the parties on the composition of the Arbitration Tribunal, the following course shall be pursued:
Each party appoints two Arbitrators, and these together choose an Umpire.
If the votes are equal, the choice of the Umpire is intrusted to a third Power, selected by the parties by common accord.
If an agreement is not arrived at on this subject, each party selects a different Power, and the choice of the Umpire is made in concert by the Powers thus selected.
The Tribunal being thus composed, the parties notify to the Bureau their determination to have recourse to the Court and the names of the Arbitrators.
The Tribunal of Arbitration assembles on the date fixed by the parties.
The members of the Court, in the discharge of their duties and out of their own country, enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities.
Article 25.
The Tribunal of Arbitration has its ordinary seat at the Hague.
Except in cases of necessity, the place of session can only be altered by the Tribunal with the assent of the parties.
Article 26.
The International Bureau at the Hague is authorized to place its premises and its staff at the disposal of the Signatory Powers for the operations of any special Board of Arbitration.
The jurisdiction of the Permanent Court may, within the conditions laid down in the Regulations, be extended to disputes between non-Signatory Powers, or between Signatory Powers and non-Signatory Powers, if the parties are agreed on recourse to this Tribunal.
Article 27.
The Signatory Powers consider it their duty, if a serious dispute threatens to break out between two or more of them, to remind these latter that the Permanent Court is open to them.
Consequently, they declare that the fact of reminding the conflicting parties of the provisions of the present Convention, and the advice given to them, in the highest interests of peace, to have recourse to the Permanent Court, can only be regarded as friendly actions.
Article 28.
A Permanent Administrative Council, composed of the Diplomatic Representatives of the Signatory Powers accredited to the Hague and of the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs, who will act as President, shall be instituted in this town as soon as possible after the ratification of the present Act by at least nine Powers.
This Council will be charged with the establishment and organization of the International Bureau, which will be under its direction and control.
It will notify to the Powers the constitution of the Court and will provide for its installation.
It will settle its Rules of Procedure and all other necessary Regulations.
It will decide all questions of administration which may arise with regard to the operations of the Court.
It will have entire control over the appointment, suspension or dismissal of the officials and employés of the Bureau.
It will fix the payments and salaries, and control the general expenditure.
At meetings duly summoned the presence of five members is sufficient to render valid the discussions of the Council. The decisions are taken by a majority of votes.
The Council communicates to the Signatory Powers without delay the Regulations adopted by it. It furnishes them with an annual Report on the labours of the Court, the working of the administration, and the expenses.
Article 29.
The expenses of the Bureau shall be borne by the Signatory Powers in the proportion fixed for the International Bureau of the Universal Postal Union.
Chapter III. On Arbitral Procedure.
Article 30.
With a view to encourage the development of arbitration, the Signatory Powers have agreed on the following Rules which shall be applicable to arbitral procedure, unless other rules have been agreed on by the parties.
Article 31.
The Powers who have recourse to arbitration sign a special Act (“Compromis”), in which the subject of the difference is clearly defined, as well as the extent of the Arbitrators’ powers. This Act implies the undertaking of the parties to submit loyally to the award.
Article 32.
The duties of Arbitrator may be conferred on one Arbitrator alone or on several Arbitrators selected by the parties as they please, or chosen by them from the members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration established by the present Act.
Failing the constitution of the Tribunal by direct agreement between the parties, the following course shall be pursued:
Each party appoints two Arbitrators, and these latter together choose an Umpire.
In case of equal voting, the choice of the Umpire is intrusted to a third Power, selected by the parties by common accord.
If no agreement is arrived at on this subject, each party selects a different Power, and the choice of the Umpire is made in concert by the Powers thus selected.
Article 33.
When a Sovereign or the Chief of a State is chosen as Arbitrator, the arbitral procedure is settled by him.
Article 34.
The Umpire is by right President of the Tribunal.
When the Tribunal does not include an Umpire it appoints its own President.
Article 35.
In case of the death, retirement, or disability from any cause of one of the Arbitrators, his place shall be filled in accordance with the method of his appointment.
Article 36.
The Tribunal’s place of session is selected by the parties. Failing this selection the Tribunal sits at the Hague.
The place thus fixed cannot, except in case of necessity, be changed by the Tribunal without the assent of the parties.
Article 37.
The parties have the right to appoint delegates or special agents to attend the Tribunal, for the purpose of serving as intermediaries between them and the Tribunal.
They are further authorized to retain, for the defense of their rights and interests before the Tribunal, counsel or advocates appointed by them for this purpose.
Article 38.
The Tribunal decides on the choice of languages to be used by itself, and to be authorized for use before it.
Article 39.
As a general rule the arbitral procedure comprises two distinct phases: preliminary examination and discussion.
Preliminary examination consists in the communication by the respective agents to the members of the Tribunal and to the opposite party of all printed or written Acts and of all documents containing the arguments invoked in the case. This communication shall be made in the form and within the periods fixed by the Tribunal in accordance with Article 49.
Discussion consists in the oral development before the Tribunal of the arguments of the parties.
Article 40.
Every document produced by one party must be communicated to the other party.
Article 41.
The discussions are under the direction of the President.
They are only public if it be so decided by the Tribunal, with the assent of the parties.
They are recorded in the procčs-verbaux drawn up by the Secretaries appointed by the President. These procčs-verbaux alone have an authentic character.
Article 42.
When the preliminary examination is concluded, the Tribunal has the right to refuse discussion of all fresh Acts or documents which one party may desire to submit to it without the consent of the other party.
Article 43.
The Tribunal is free to take into consideration fresh Acts or documents to which its attention may be drawn by the agents or counsel of the parties.
In this case, the Tribunal has the right to require the production of these Acts or documents, but is obliged to make them known to the opposite party.
Article 44.
The Tribunal can, besides, require from the agents of the parties the production of all Acts, and can demand all necessary explanations. In case of refusal, the Tribunal takes note of it.
Article 45.
The agents and counsel of the parties are authorized to present orally to the Tribunal all the arguments they may think expedient in defence of their case.
Article 46.
They have the right to raise objections and points.
The decisions of the Tribunal on those points are final, and can not form the subject of any subsequent discussion.
Article 47.
The members of the Tribunal have the right to put questions to the agents and counsel of the parties, and to demand explanations from them on doubtful points.
Neither the questions put nor the remarks made by members of the Tribunal during the discussions can be regarded as an expression of opinion by the Tribunal in general, or by its members in particular.
Article 48.
The Tribunal is authorized to declare its competence in interpreting the “Compromis” as well as the other Treaties which may be invoked in the case, and in applying the principles of international law.
Article 49.
The Tribunal has the right to issue Rules of Procedure for the conduct of the case, to decide the forms and periods within which each party must conclude its arguments, and to arrange all the formalities required for dealing with the evidence.
Article 50.
When the agents and counsel of the parties have submitted all explanations and evidence in support of their case, the President pronounces the discussion closed.
Article 51.
The deliberations of the Tribunal take place in private.
Every decision is taken by a majority of members of the Tribunal.
The refusal of a member to vote must be recorded in the procčs-verbal.
Article 52.
The award, given by a majority of votes, is accompanied by a statement of reasons. It is drawn up in writing and signed by each member of the Tribunal.
Those members who are in the minority may record their dissent when signing.
Article 53.
The award is read out at a public meeting of the Tribunal, the agents and counsel of the parties being present, or duly summoned to attend.
Article 54.
The award, duly pronounced and notified to the agents of the parties at variance, puts an end to the dispute definitively and without appeal.
Article 55.
The parties can reserve in the “Compromis” the right to demand the revision of the award.
In this case, and unless there be an agreement to the contrary, the demand must be addressed to the Tribunal which pronounced the award. It can only be made on the ground of the discovery of some new fact calculated to exercise a decisive influence on the award, and which, at the time the discussion was closed, was unknown to the Tribunal and to the party demanding the revision.
Proceedings for revision can only be instituted by a decision of the Tribunal expressly recording the existence of the new fact, recognizing in it the character described in the foregoing paragraph, and declaring the demand admissible on this ground.
The “Compromis” fixes the period within which the demand for revision must be made.
Article 56.
The award is only binding on the parties who concluded the “Compromis”.
When there is a question of interpreting a Convention to which Powers other than those concerned in the dispute are parties, the latter notify to the former the “Compromis” they have concluded. Each of these Powers has the right to intervene in the case. If one or more of them avail themselves of this right, the interpretation contained in the award is equally binding on them.
Article 57.
Each party pays its own expenses and an equal share of those of the Tribunal.
General provisions.
Article 58.
The present Convention shall be ratified as speedily as possible.
The ratifications shall be deposited at the Hague.
A procčs-verbal shall be drawn up recording the receipt of each ratification, and a copy duly certified shall be sent, through the diplomatic channel, to all the Powers who were represented at the International Peace Conference at the Hague.
Article 59.
The non-Signatory Powers who were represented at the International Peace Conference can adhere to the present Convention. For this purpose they must make known their adhesion to the Contracting Powers by a written notification addressed to the Netherlands Government, and communicated by it to all the other Contracting Powers.
Article 60.
The conditions on which the Powers who were not represented at the International Peace Conference can adhere to the present Convention shall form the subject of a subsequent Agreement among the Contracting Powers.
Article 61.
In the event of one of the High Contracting Parties denouncing the present Convention, this denunciation would not take effect until a year after its notification made in writing to the Netherlands Government, and by it communicated at once to all the other Contracting Powers.
This denunciation shall only affect the notifying Power.
In faith of which the Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention and affixed their seals to it.
Done at the Hague, the 29th July, 1899, in a single copy, which shall remain in the archives of the Netherlands Government, and copies of it, duly certified, be sent through the diplomatic channel to the Contracting Powers.
K O N V E N C I J A
O MIRNEM REŠEVANJU MEDNARODNIH SPOROV
Njegovo veličanstvo nemški cesar, kralj Prusije; njegovo veličanstvo avstrijski cesar, kralj Češke itd. in apostolski kralj Madžarske; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Belgije; njegovo veličanstvo cesar Kitajske; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Danske; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Španije in v njegovem imenu njeno veličanstvo kraljica regentinja kraljestva; predsednik Združenih držav Amerike; predsednik Združenih držav Mehike; predsednik Francoske republike; njeno veličanstvo kraljica Združenega kraljestva Velike Britanije in Irske, cesarica Indije; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Grčije; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Italije; njegovo veličanstvo cesar Japonske; njegova kraljeva visokost veliki vojvoda Luksemburga, vojvoda Nassaua; njegova visokost princ Črne gore; njeno veličanstvo kraljica Nizozemske; njegovo cesarsko veličanstvo šah Perzije; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Portugalske in Algarve itd.; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Romunije; njegovo veličanstvo cesar vseh Rusij; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Srbije; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Siama; njegovo veličanstvo kralj Švedske in Norveške; Švicarski zvezni svet; njegovo veličanstvo cesar Otomanov in njegova kraljevska visokost princ Bolgarije so,
odločeni prispevati k ohranjanju splošnega miru,
odločeni po svojih najboljših močeh podpirati prijateljsko reševanje mednarodnih sporov,
s priznavanjem solidarnosti, ki združuje člane družbe civiliziranih narodov,
z željo po širjenju vladavine prava in po krepitvi spoštovanja mednarodne pravičnosti,
v prepričanju, da bo vsem dostopna stalna institucija arbitražnega sodišča med neodvisnimi silami učinkovito pripomogla k temu cilju,
ob upoštevanju prednosti splošne in redne organizacije arbitražnega postopka,
s spoštovanjem mnenja plemenitega pobudnika Mednarodne mirovne konference, da je koristno zapisati v mednarodnem sporazumu načela pravičnosti in prava, na katerih temeljita varnost držav in blaginja ljudstev,
z željo skleniti Konvencijo v ta namen
imenovali pooblaščence, in sicer:
(sledijo imena pooblaščencev),
ki so se po predaji svojih pooblastil v pravilni in predpisani obliki sporazumeli o naslednjih določbah:
I. oddelek: O ohranjanju splošnega miru
1. člen
Z namenom, da se v največji možni meri prepreči uporaba sile v odnosih med državami, se sile podpisnice sporazumejo, da si bodo po svojih najboljših močeh prizadevale za mirno reševanje mednarodnih nesoglasij.
II. oddelek: O dobrih uslugah in posredovanju
2. člen
V primeru resnega nesoglasja ali konflikta se sile podpisnice sporazumejo, da bodo pred zatekanjem k orožju uporabile dobre usluge in posredovanje ene ali več prijateljskih sil, če to dopuščajo razmere.
3. člen
Ne glede na uporabo take pomoči pa sile podpisnice priporočajo, da ena ali več sil, ki niso vpletene v spor, na svojo lastno pobudo ponudijo svoje dobre usluge ali posredovanje državam v sporu, če to dopuščajo razmere.
Sile, ki niso vpletene v spor, imajo pravico ponuditi dobre usluge ali posredovanje celo v času sovražnosti.
Uveljavljanja te pravice ne more nobena stranka v sporu nikakor šteti za neprijateljsko dejanje.
4. člen
Vloga posrednika je pomirjanje nasprotujočih si zahtevkov in umiritev čustev mržnje, do katerih lahko pride med državami v sporu.
5. člen
Naloge posrednika so končane, ko bodisi ena od strank v sporu ali sam posrednik izjavi, da predlagana sredstva pomiritve niso sprejeta.
6. člen
Dobre usluge in posredovanje imajo, bodisi na zahtevo strank v sporu ali na pobudo sil, ki niso vpletene v spor, izključno svetovalno naravo in nimajo nikdar obvezne moči.
7. člen
Sprejem posredovanja ne prekine, odloži ali ovira mobilizacije ali drugih pripravljalnih ukrepov na vojno, razen če ni drugače dogovorjeno.
Če pride do posredovanja po začetku sovražnosti, to ne povzroči prekinitve vojaških operacij, ki že potekajo, razen če ni drugače dogovorjeno.
8. člen
Sile podpisnice se sporazumejo, da priporočijo, če razmere to dopuščajo, uporabo posebnega posredovanja v naslednji obliki:
v primeru resnega razhajanja, ki ogroža mir, države v sporu vsaka zase izberejo silo, ki ji zaupajo nalogo, da stopi v neposredne stike s silo, ki jo je izbrala druga stran z namenom, da se prepreči prekinitev miroljubnih odnosov;
med tem mandatom, katerega trajanje ne sme biti daljše od trideset dni, razen če ni drugače dogovorjeno, države v sporu prenehajo z vsemi neposrednimi stiki o predmetu spora, za katerega velja, da je predložen izključno posredujočim silam, ki morajo storiti vse, kar je v njihovi moči, da ga rešijo;
v primeru dokončne prekinitve miroljubnih odnosov imajo te sile skupno nalogo, da izkoristijo vsako priložnost za ponovno vzpostavitev miru.
III. oddelek: O mednarodnih preiskovalnih komisijah
9. člen
V razhajanju mednarodne narave, pri katerih ne gre ne za čast niti za življenjsko pomembne interese, in ki izhajajo iz razlik v mnenju o dejstvih, sile podpisnice priporočajo, naj stranke, ki se niso mogle sporazumeti po diplomatski poti, ustanovijo mednarodno preiskovalno komisijo, če to razmere dopuščajo, ter na ta način olajšajo reševanje teh razhajanj z osvetlitvijo dejstev s pomočjo nepristranske in vestne preiskave.
10. člen
Mednarodne preiskovalne komisije se ustanovijo s posebnim sporazumom med strankami v sporu.
Konvencija o preiskavi opredeljuje dejstva, ki jih je treba proučiti, ter obseg pooblastil članov komisije.
Določa tudi postopek.
Postopek preiskave je kontradiktoren.
Če oblika in roki, ki jih je treba upoštevati, niso navedeni v Konvenciji o preiskavi, jih določi sama Komisija.
11. člen
Če ni drugače določeno, se mednarodne preiskovalne komisije oblikujejo na način, določen v 32. členu te konvencije.
12. člen
Sile v sporu se obvezujejo, da bodo mednarodni preiskovalni komisiji v kar največji možni meri zagotovile vsa sredstva in ugodnosti, potrebne za to, da se v celoti seznani z zadevnimi dejstvi in jih natančno razume.
13. člen
Mednarodna preiskovalna komisija predloži silam v sporu svoje poročilo, ki ga podpišejo vsi člani komisije.
14. člen
Poročilo mednarodne preiskovalne komisije se omeji na navedbo dejstev in nikakor nima narave arbitražne sodbe. Silam v sporu prepušča popolno svobodo glede tega, kako bodo uveljavljale to navedbo dejstev.
IV. oddelek: O mednarodni arbitraži
1. poglavje: O sistemu arbitraže
15. člen
Cilj mednarodne arbitraže je razreševanje nesoglasij med državami s pomočjo sodnikov, ki si jih države same izberejo, in na podlagi spoštovanja prava.
16. člen
Pri vprašanjih pravne narave in še zlasti pri razlagi ali uporabi mednarodnih konvencij, sile podpisnice priznavajo, da je arbitraža najučinkovitejše in hkrati najpravičnejše sredstvo za reševanje sporov, ki jih diplomacija ni mogla rešiti.
17. člen
Arbitražna konvencija se sklene za vprašanja, ki že obstajajo, ali za vprašanja, ki se utegnejo pojaviti.
Arbitražna konvencija lahko vključuje kateri koli spor ali le določene vrste sporov.
18. člen
Arbitražna konvencija vključuje obveznost podrediti se razsodbi v dobri veri.
19. člen
Neodvisno od splošnih ali posebnih pogodb, ki izrecno določajo, da je zatekanje k arbitraži obvezno za sile podpisnice, si te sile pridržujejo pravico, da pred ratifikacijo tega akta ali kasneje sklenejo nove sporazume, splošne ali posebne, z namenom, da razširijo obvezno arbitražo na vse primere, za katere menijo, da jih je možno predložiti arbitraži.
II. poglavje: O stalnem arbitražnem sodišču
20. člen
Z namenom, da bi olajšali neposredno zatekanje k arbitraži za mednarodne spore, ki jih ni bilo mogoče rešiti z diplomacijo, se sile podpisnice obvezujejo, da bodo organizirale Stalno arbitražno sodišče, ki bo vselej dostopno in bo delovalo v skladu s pravili postopka, vključenimi v to konvencijo, razen če se stranke ne dogovorijo drugače.
21. člen
Stalno razsodišče je pristojno za vse arbitražne primere, razen če se stranke ne dogovorijo, da ustanovijo posebno razsodišče.
22. člen
Mednarodni urad, ustanovljen v Haagu, se uporablja kot dokumentacijski urad za Razsodišče.
Ta urad se uporablja za prenos sporočil v zvezi s sestanki Razsodišča.
Urad skrbi za arhive in vodi vse upravne posle.
Sile podpisnice se obvezujejo, da bodo Mednarodnemu uradu v Haagu poslale pravilno overjen izvod vseh arbitražnih pogojev, sklenjenih med njimi, in vsake razsodbe posebnih razsodišč, ki se nanje nanaša.
Obvezujejo se tudi, da bodo Uradu poslale zakone, predpise in dokumente, ki dokazujejo izvajanje razsodb Razsodišča.
23. člen
V treh mesecih od ratifikacije te listine vsaka sila podpisnica izbere največ štiri osebe, priznane strokovnjake na področju mednarodnega prava, ki uživajo najvišji moralni ugled in ki so pripravljene sprejeti naloge arbitrov.
Tako izbrane osebe se kot člani Razsodišča vpišejo na seznam, o katerem Urad obvesti vse sile podpisnice.
Urad obvesti sile podpisnice o kakršni koli spremembi na seznamu arbitrov.
Dve ali več sil se lahko sporazume o izboru enega ali več skupnih članov.
Več sil lahko izbere isto osebo.
Člani Razsodišča so imenovani za šest let. Njihovo imenovanje se lahko obnovi.
V primeru smrti ali ob upokojitvi člana Razsodišča se njegovo mesto zapolni v skladu z načinom njegovega imenovanja.
24. člen
Če sile podpisnice želijo predati Stalnemu razsodiš- ču v reševanje spor, do katerega je prišlo med njimi, se izberejo arbitri, ki sestavljajo pristojno razsodišče za odločanje o tem sporu, s splošnega seznama članov Razsodišča.
Če ne pride do neposrednega dogovora pogodbenic o sestavi razsodišča, je postopek naslednji:
Vsaka stranka imenuje dva arbitra, ti skupaj pa izberejo glavnega arbitra.
Če je glasovanje neodločeno, se izbor glavnega arbitra zaupa tretji sili, ki jo stranki soglasno izbereta.
Če v tej zadevi ne dosežeta soglasja, izbere vsaka stranka neko drugo silo, glavnega arbitra pa soglasno izbereta tako izbrani sili.
Ko je razsodišče tako sestavljeno, stranki obvestita Urad o svoji nameri, da se zatečeta k razsodišču, in o imenih arbitrov.
Arbitražno sodišče se sestane na dan, ki ga določita stranki.
Člani razsodišča uživajo diplomatske privilegije in imunitete pri opravljanju svojih dolžnosti tudi, kadar so zunaj svoje domovine.
25. člen
Arbitražno sodišče ima svoj običajni sedež v Haagu.
Razen v nujnih primerih lahko kraj zasedanja spremeni le Razsodišče s privoljenjem strank v sporu.
26. člen
Mednarodni urad v Haagu je pooblaščen dati prostore in osebje na razpolago silam podpisnicam za delo posebne arbitražne komisije.
Pristojnost Stalnega razsodišča se lahko pod pogoji, določenimi v pravilnikih, razširi na spore med silami nepodpisnicami ali med silami podpisnicami in silami nepodpisnicami, če se stranki v sporu strinjata, da bo spor reševalo to Razsodišče.
27. člen
Sile podpisnice štejejo za svojo dolžnost, da kadar grozi, da bo med dvema ali več silami podpisnicami prišlo do resnega spora, te opomnijo, da jim je na razpolago Stalno razsodišče.
Zato izjavljajo, da se opozarjanje strank v sporu na določbe te Konvencije in nasveti, naj se v interesu miru obrnejo na Stalno razsodišče, lahko štejejo le za prijateljska dejanja.
28. člen
Potem ko ta akt ratificira vsaj devet sil, se v Haagu, kakor hitro je to možno, ustanovi Stalni upravni svet, ki ga sestavljajo diplomatski predstavniki sil podpisnic, akreditiranih v Haagu, in nizozemski minister za zunanje zadeve, ki deluje kot predsednik.
Ta Svet je pooblaščen za ustanovitev in organizacijo Mednarodnega urada, ki bo pod njegovim vodstvom in nadzorom.
Svet obvesti sile o ustanovitvi Razsodišča in poskrbi za začetek njegovega delovanja.
Svet sprejme svoj poslovnik in vse preostale potrebne pravilnike.
Svet odloča o vseh administrativnih vprašanjih, ki lahko nastanejo v zvezi z delovanjem Razsodišča.
Ima popoln nadzor nad imenovanjem, začasnim prenehanjem opravljanja funkcij ali odpuščanja uradnikov in zaposlenih v Uradu.
Določa plačila in plače ter nadzira splošne izdatke.
Prisotnost petih članov na pravilno sklicanih sestankih zadošča za veljavno odločanje Sveta. Sklepi se sprejemajo z večino glasov.
Svet nemudoma obvesti sile podpisnice o pravilnikih, ki jih sprejme. Pošlje jim tudi letno poročilo o delu Razsodišča, o delu uprave in o stroških.
29. člen
Stroške urada pokrivajo sile podpisnice v razmer- ju, ki je določeno za Mednarodni urad Svetovne poštne zveze.
III. poglavje: O arbitražnem postopku
30. člen
Z namenom, da se spodbudi razvoj arbitraže, se sile podpisnice dogovorijo o naslednjih pravilih, ki se nanašajo na arbitražni postopek, razen če se stranke v sporu ne sporazumejo o drugih pravilih.
31. člen
Sile, ki se zatečejo k arbitraži, podpišejo posebno listino (kompromis), v kateri sta jasno opredeljena predmet spora kakor tudi obseg pooblastil arbitrov. Ta listina vključuje tudi obveznost strank podrediti se razsodbi v dobri veri.
32. člen
Dolžnosti arbitra se lahko dodelijo enemu samemu arbitru ali več arbitrom, ki jih stranke v sporu izberejo po svoji volji ali med člani Stalnega arbitražnega sodišča, ustanovljenega s tem aktom.
Če ne pride do ustanovitve razsodišča z neposrednim dogovorom med strankama, je postopek naslednji:
Vsaka stranka imenuje dva arbitra, ti skupaj pa izberejo glavnega arbitra.
Če je glasovanje neodločeno, se izbor glavnega arbitra zaupa tretji sili, ki jo stranki soglasno izbereta.
Če soglasje o tej zadevi ni doseženo, vsaka stranka izbere drugo silo, glavni arbiter pa se izbere v soglasju med tako izbranimi silami.
33. člen
Če se za arbitra izbere vladar ali šef države, potem on določi arbitražni postopek.
34. člen
Glavni arbiter je po funkciji predsednik razsodišča.
Če razsodišče nima glavnega arbitra, potem samo imenuje svojega predsednika.
35. člen
V primeru smrti, ob upokojitvi ali zaradi nezmožnosti enega od arbitrov za opravljanje dolžnosti iz katerega koli razloga se njegovo mesto zapolni v skladu z načinom njegovega imenovanja.
36. člen
Kraj zasedanja razsodišča izberejo stranke v sporu. Če ne pride do tega izbora, razsodišče zaseda v Haagu.
Razen v nujnih primerih razsodišče ne more spremeniti tako določenega kraja brez privolitve strank v sporu.
37. člen
Stranke v sporu imajo pravico imenovati delegate ali posebne zastopnike, ki prisostvujejo zasedanjem razsodišča z namenom, da opravljajo naloge posrednikov med njimi in razsodiščem.
Poleg tega imajo pravico imeti za obrambo svojih pravic in interesov pred razsodiščem svetovalca ali odvetnike, ki jih imenujejo v ta namen.
38. člen
Razsodišče odloči o izbiri jezikov, ki jih uporablja in katerih uporabo dovoli.
39. člen
Praviloma arbitražni postopek obsega dve različni fazi: predhodno preiskavo in razpravo.
Med predhodno preiskavo pošljejo zadevni zastopniki članom razsodišča in nasprotni stranki vse tiskane ali pisane listine in vse dokumente, ki vsebujejo argumente v zvezi z določenim primerom. Obliko in roke za ta sporočila določi razsodišče v skladu z 49. členom.
Med razpravo pred razsodiščem stranki v sporu ustno obrazložita svoje argumente.
40. člen
Vsak dokument, ki ga predloži ena od strank v sporu, je treba poslati drugi stranki.
41. člen
Razprave potekajo pod vodstvom predsednika.
Javne so le, če tako sklene razsodišče s privolitvijo strank v sporu.
Zabeležijo se v zapisnikih, ki jih sestavijo tajniki, ki jih imenuje predsednik. Samo ti zapisniki so verodostojni.
42. člen
Ko je predhodna preiskava končana, ima razsodišče pravico zavrniti razpravo o vseh novih listinah ali dokumentih, ki mu jih ena od strank v sporu želi predložiti brez privolitve druge stranke v sporu.
43. člen
Razsodišče pa lahko upošteva nove listine ali dokumente, na katere ga opozorijo zastopniki ali svetovalci strank v sporu.
V tem primeru ima razsodišče pravico zahtevati, da se mu te listine ali dokumenti predložijo, vendar pa mora z njimi seznaniti nasprotno stranko.
44. člen
Poleg tega lahko razsodišče zahteva od zastopni- kov strank v sporu, da predložijo vse listine in prosi za potrebno razlago. V primeru zavrnitve razsodišče to zabeleži.
45. člen
Zastopniki in svetovalci strank v sporu so pooblaščeni, da razsodišču ustno predstavijo vse argumente, za katere menijo, da so pomembni za obrambo njihovega primera.
46. člen
Zastopniki in svetovalci imajo pravico do ugovorov in predlogov.
Sklepi razsodišča o teh predlogih so dokončni in ne morejo biti predmet kasnejše razprave.
47. člen
Člani razsodišča imajo pravico postavljati vprašanja zastopnikom in svetovalcem strank v sporu in od njih zahtevati pojasnila o dvomljivih vprašanjih.
Zastavljena vprašanja in dane pripombe članov razsodišča med razpravami se ne štejejo za izraz mnenja razsodišča na splošno ali njegovih članov posamezno.
48. člen
Razsodišče je pooblaščeno, da določi svojo pristojnost za razlago kompromisa ter drugih pogodb, na katere se v danem primeru lahko sklicuje, in za uporabo načel mednarodnega prava.
49. člen
Razsodišče ima pravico sprejeti sklepe o postopku pri obravnavanju primera, ki določa oblike in roke, v katerih mora vsaka stranka zaključiti svoja dokazovanja in urediti vse potrebne formalnosti za obravnavanje dokazov.
50. člen
Ko zastopniki in svetovalci strank v sporu predložijo vse obrazložitve in dokaze v podporo svojega primera, predsednik razglasi, da je razprava končana.
51. člen
Odločanje razsodišča je tajno.
Vsaka odločitev se sprejme z večino glasov članov razsodišča.
Če član glasovanje zavrne, je treba to zapisati v zapisniku.
52. člen
Razsodba, za katero je glasovala večina, ima obrazložitev. Sestavljena je v pisni obliki in jo podpiše vsak član razsodišča.
Tisti člani, ki ostanejo v manjšini, lahko ob podpisu zabeležijo svoje nestrinjanje.
53. člen
Razsodba se prebere na javnem zasedanju razsodišča, na katerem so prisotni zastopniki in svetovalci strank v sporu ali so bili nanj pravilno povabljeni.
54. člen
Z razsodbo, ki je pravilno razglašena in sporočena zastopnikom strank v sporu, je spor dokončno rešen brez možnosti pritožbe.
55. člen
Stranke si lahko v kompromisu pridržijo pravico zahtevati revizijo razsodbe.
V tem primeru in če ni drugače dogovorjeno, je treba zahtevo nasloviti na razsodišče, ki je razsodbo izreklo. To je možno le na podlagi odkritja kakega novega dejstva, za katerega se domneva, da bi imelo odločilen vpliv na razsodbo in ki zanj v času, ko je bila razprava končana, nista vedela niti razsodišče niti stranka v sporu, ki zahteva revizijo.
Postopek za revizijo se lahko uvede le z izrecno odločitvijo razsodišča, da obstaja novo dejstvo, za katero pripoznava, da je take narave, kot je opisano v prejšnjem odstavku, in razglaša, da je zahteva na tej podlagi sprejemljiva.
Kompromis določa tudi rok, v katerem je treba vložiti zahtevo za revizijo.
56. člen
Razsodba je obvezna le za tiste stranke v sporu, ki so sklenile kompromis.
Če gre za vprašanje razlage kakšne konvencije, katere pogodbenice so druge sile in ne tiste, ki so stranke v sporu, te zadnje obvestijo preostale sile pogodbenice o sklenitvi kompromisa. Vsaka od teh sil ima pravico intervenirati v postopku o tej zadevi. Če ena ali če jih več to pravico izkoristi, je v razsodbi vsebovana razlaga zanje enako obvezujoča.
57. člen
Vsaka stranka v sporu poravnava svoje stroške in enak delež stroškov razsodišča.
Splošne določbe
58. člen
To konvencijo je treba čim hitreje ratificirati.
Ratifikacijske listine se deponirajo v Haagu.
Sestavi se zapisnik, v katerem je zabeležen prejem vsake ratifikacijske listine, in pravilno overjena kopija se po diplomatski poti pošlje vsem silam, zastopanim na Mednarodni mirovni konferenci v Haagu.
59. člen
Sile nepodpisnice, ki so bile zastopane na Mednarodni mirovni konferenci, lahko pristopijo k tej Konvenciji. V ta namen morajo o svojem pristopu obvestiti sile pogodbenice z notifikacijo, naslovljeno na nizozemsko vlado, ki to sporoči tudi drugim silam pogodbenicam.
60. člen
Pogoje, pod katerimi lahko sile, ki niso bile zastopane na Mednarodni mirovni konferenci, pristopijo k tej Konvenciji, določi kasnejši sporazum med silami pogodbenicami.
61. člen
Če ena od visokih pogodbenic odpove to Konvencijo, ta odpoved začne veljati šele eno leto po notifikaciji nizozemski vladi o odpovedi, ki o tem takoj obvesti tudi druge sile pogodbenice.
Ta odpoved velja le za silo, ki pošlje tako notifikacijo.
V potrditev tega so pooblaščenci podpisali to Konvencijo in nanjo odtisnili svoje pečate.
Sestavljeno v Haagu 29. julija 1899 v enem samem izvodu, ki ostane v arhivih nizozemske vlade, njegove pravilno overjene kopije pa se pošljejo silam pogodbenicam po diplomatski poti.
