Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
U K A Z
O RAZGLASITVI SPORAZUMA O NEDOVOLJENEM PROMETU PO MORJU ZA IZVAJANJE 17. ČLENA KONVENCIJE ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV ZOPER NEZAKONIT PROMET MAMIL IN PSIHOTROPNIH SNOVI (MSNPZN)
Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Sporazuma o nedovoljenem prometu po morju za izvajanje 17. člena Konvencije Združenih narodov zoper nezakonit promet mamil in psihotropnih snovi (MSNPZN), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji 14. septembra 2000.
Št. 001-22-179/00
Ljubljana, dne 22. septembra 2000
Predsednik
Republike Slovenije
Milan Kučan l. r.
Z A K O N
O RATIFIKACIJI SPORAZUMA O NEDOVOLJENEM PROMETU PO MORJU ZA IZVAJANJE 17. ČLENA KONVENCIJE ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV ZOPER NEZAKONIT PROMET MAMIL IN PSIHOTROPNIH SNOVI (MSNPZN)
1. člen
Ratificira se Sporazum o nedovoljenem prometu po morju za izvajanje 17. člena Konvencije Združenih narodov zoper nezakonit promet mamil in psihotropnih snovi, sestavljen v Strasbourgu 31. januarja 1995.
2. člen
Sporazum se v originalu v angleškem jeziku in v prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:
A G R E E M E N T
ON ILLICIT TRAFFIC BY SEA,
IMPLEMENTING ARTICLE 17 OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST ILLICIT TRAFFIC IN NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES
The member States of the Council of Europe, having expressed their consent to be bound by the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, done at Vienna on 20 December 1988, hereinafter referred to as “The Vienna Convention”,
Considering that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve a greater unity between its members;
Convinced of the need to pursue a common criminal policy aimed at the protection of society;
Considering that the fight against serious crime, which has become an increasingly international problem, calls for close co-operation on an international scale;
Desiring to increase their co-operation to the fullest possible extent in the suppression of illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances by sea, in conformity with the international law of the sea and in full respect of the principle of right of freedom of navigation;
Considering, therefore, that Article 17 of the Vienna Convention should be supplemented by a regional agreement to carry out, and to enhance the effectiveness of, the provisions of that article,
Have agreed as follows:
Chapter I - Definitions
Article 1 - Definitions
For the purposes of this Agreement:
a “Intervening State”
means a State Party which has requested or proposes to request authorisation from another Party to take action under this Agreement in relation to a vessel flying the flag or displaying the marks of registry of that other State Party;
b “Preferential jurisdiction”
means, in relation to a flag State having concurrent jurisdiction over a relevant offence with another State, the right to exercise its jurisdiction on a priority basis, to the exclusion of the exercise of the other State’s jurisdiction over the offence;
c “Relevant offence”
means any offence of the kind described in Article 3, paragraph 1, of the Vienna Convention;
d “Vessel”
means a ship or any other floating craft of any description, including hovercrafts and submersible crafts.
Chapter II - International co-operation
Section 1 - General provisions
Article 2 - General principles
1. The Parties shall co-operate to the fullest extent possible to suppress illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances by sea, in conformity with the international law of the sea.
2. In the implementation of this Agreement the Parties shall endeavour to ensure that their actions maximise the effectiveness of law enforcement measures against illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances by sea.
3. Any action taken in pursuance of this Agreement shall take due account of the need not to interfere with or affect the rights and obligations of and the exercise of jurisdiction by coastal States, in accordance with the international law of the sea.
4. Nothing in this Agreement shall be so construed as to infringe the principle of non bis in idem, as applied in national law.
5. The Parties recognise the value of gathering and exchanging information concerning vessels, cargo and facts, whenever they consider that such exchange of information could assist a Party in the suppression of illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances by sea.
6. Nothing in this Agreement affects the immunities of warships and other government vessels operated for non-commercial purposes.
Article 3 - Jurisdiction
1. Each Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the relevant offences when the offence is committed on board a vessel flying its flag.
2. For the purposes of applying this Agreement, each Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the relevant offences committed on board a vessel flying the flag or displaying the marks of registry or bearing any other indication of nationality of any other Party to this Agreement. Such jurisdiction shall be exercised only in conformity with this Agreement.
3. For the purposes of applying this Agreement, each Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the relevant offences committed on board a vessel which is without nationality, or which is assimilated to a vessel without nationality under international law.
4. The flag State has preferential jurisdiction over any relevant offence committed on board its vessel.
5. Each State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, or at any later date, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, inform the other Parties to the agreement of the criteria it intends to apply in respect of the exercise of the jurisdiction established pursuant to paragraph 2 of this article.
6. Any State which does not have in service warships, military aircraft or other government ships or aircraft operated for non-commercial purposes, which would enable it to become an intervening State under this Agreement may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe declare that it will not apply paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article. A State which has made such a declaration is under the obligation to withdraw it when the circumstances justifying the reservation no longer exist.
Article 4 - Assistance to flag States
1. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel flying its flag is engaged in or being used for the commission of a relevant offence, may request the assistance of other Parties in suppressing its use for that purpose. The Parties so requested shall render such assistance within the means available to them.
2. In making its request, the flag State may, inter alia, authorise the requested Party, subject to any conditions or limitations which may be imposed, to take some or all of the actions specified in this Agreement.
3. When the requested Party agrees to act upon the authorisation of the flag State given to it in accordance with paragraph 2, the provisions of this Agreement in respect of the rights and obligations of the intervening State and the flag State shall, where appropriate and unless otherwise specified, apply to the requested and requesting Party, respectively.
Article 5 - Vessels without nationality
1. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel without nationality, or assimilated to a vessel without nationality under international law, is engaged in or being used for the commission of a relevant offence, shall inform such other Parties as appear most closely affected and may request the assistance of any such Party in suppressing its use for that purpose. The Party so requested shall render such assistance within the means available to it.
2. Where a Party, having received information in accordance with paragraph 1, takes action it shall be for that Party to determine what actions are appropriate and to exercise its jurisdiction over any relevant offences which may have been committed by any persons on board the vessel.
3. Any Party which has taken action under this article shall communicate as soon as possible to the Party which has provided information, or made a request for assistance, the results of any action taken in respect of the vessel and any persons on board.
Section 2 - Authorisation procedures
Article 6 - Basic rules on authorisation
Where the intervening State has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel, which is flying the flag or displaying the marks of registry of another Party or bears any other indications of nationality of the vessel, is engaged in or being used for the commission of a relevant offence, the intervening State may request the authorisation of the flag State to stop and board the vessel in waters beyond the territorial sea of any Party, and to take some or all of the other actions specified in this Agreement. No such actions may be taken by virtue of this Agreement, without the authorisation of the flag State.
Article 7 - Decision on the request for authorisation
The flag State shall immediately acknowledge receipt of a request for authorisation under Article 6 and shall communicate a decision thereon as soon as possible and, wherever practicable, within four hours of receipt of the request.
Article 8 - Conditions
1. If the flag State grants the request, such authorisation may be made subject to conditions or limitations. Such conditions or limitations may, in particular, provide that the flag State’s express authorisation be given before any specified steps are taken by the intervening State.
2. Each State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, by declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe declare that, when acting as an intervening State, it may subject its intervention to the condition that persons having its nationality who are surrendered to the flag State under Article 15 and there convicted of a relevant offence, shall have the possibility to be transferred to the intervening State to serve the sentence imposed.
Section 3 - Rules governing action
Article 9 - Authorised actions
1. Having received the authorisation of the flag State, and subject to the conditions or limitations, if any, made under Article 8, paragraph 1, the intervening State may take the following actions:
i a stop and board the vessel;
b establish effective control of the vessel and over any person thereon;
c take any action provided for in sub-paragraph ii of this article which is considered necessary to establish whether a relevant offence has been committed and to secure any evidence thereof;
d require the vessel and any persons thereon to be taken into the territory of the intervening State and detain the vessel there for the purpose of carrying out further investigations;
ii and, having established effective control of the vessel:
a search the vessel, anyone on it and anything in it, including its cargo;
b open or require the opening of any containers, and test or take samples of anything on the vessel;
c require any person on the vessel to give information concerning himself or anything on the vessel;
d require the production of documents, books or records relating to the vessel or any persons or objects on it, and make photographs or copies of anything the production of which the competent authorities have the power to require;
e seize, secure and protect any evidence or material discovered on the vessel.
2. Any action taken under paragraph 1 of this article shall be without prejudice to any right existing under the law of the intervening State of suspected persons not to incriminate themselves.
Article 10 - Enforcement measures
1. Where, as a result of action taken under Article 9, the intervening State has evidence that a relevant offence has been committed which would be sufficient under its laws to justify its either arresting the persons concerned or detaining the vessel, or both, it may so proceed.
2. The intervening State shall, without delay, notify the flag State of steps taken under paragraph 1 above.
3. The vessel shall not be detained for a period longer than that which is strictly necessary to complete the investigations into relevant offences. Where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the owners of the vessel are directly involved in a relevant offence, the vessel and its cargo may be further detained on completion of the investigation. Persons not suspected of any relevant offence and objects not required as evidence shall be released.
4. Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the intervening State and the flag State may agree with a third State, Party to this Agreement, that the vessel may be taken to the territory of that third State and, once the vessel is in that territory, the third State shall be treated for the purposes of this Agreement as an intervening State.
Article 11 - Execution of action
1. Actions taken under Articles 9 and 10 shall be governed by the law of the intervening State.
2. Actions under Article 9, paragraph 1 a, b and d, shall be carried out only by warships or military aircraft, or by other ships or aircraft clearly marked and identifiable as being on government service and authorised to that effect.
3. a An official of the intervening State may not be prosecuted in the flag State for any act performed in the exercise of his functions. In such a case, the official shall be liable to prosecution in the intervening State as if the elements constituting the offence had been committed within the jurisdiction of that State.
b In any proceedings instituted in the flag State, offences committed against an official of the intervening State with respect to actions carried out under Articles 9 and 10 shall be treated as if they had been committed against an official of the flag State.
4. The master of a vessel which has been boarded in accordance with this Agreement shall be entitled to communicate with the authorities of the vessel’s flag State as well as with the owners or operators of the vessel for the purpose of notifying them that the vessel has been boarded. However, the authorities of the intervening State may prevent or delay any communication with the owners or operators of the vessel if they have reasonable grounds for believing that such communication would obstruct the investigations into a relevant offence.
Article 12 - Operational safeguards
1. In the application of this Agreement, the Parties concerned shall take due account of the need not to endanger the safety of life at sea, the security of the vessel and cargo and not to prejudice any commercial or legal interest. In particular, they shall take into account:
a the dangers involved in boarding a vessel at sea, and give consideration to whether this could be more safely done at the vessel’s next port of call;
b the need to minimise any interference with the legitimate commercial activities of a vessel;
c the need to avoid unduly detaining or delaying a vessel;
d the need to restrict the use of force to the minimum necessary to ensure compliance with the instructions of the intervening State.
2. The use of firearms against, or on, the vessel shall be reported as soon as possible to the flag State.
3. The death, or injury, of any person aboard the vessel shall be reported as soon as possible to the flag State. The authorities of the intervening State shall fully co-operate with the authorities of the flag State in any investigation the flag State may hold into any such death or injury.
Section 4 - Rules governing the exercise of jurisdiction
Article 13 - Evidence of offences
1. To enable the flag State to decide whether to exercise its preferential jurisdiction in accordance with the provisions of Article 14, the intervening State shall without delay transmit to the flag State a summary of the evidence of any offences discovered as a result of action taken pursuant to Article 9. The flag State shall acknowledge receipt of the summary forthwith.
2. If the intervening State discovers evidence which leads it to believe that offences outside the scope of this Agreement may have been committed, or that suspect persons not involved in relevant offences are on board the vessel, it shall notify the flag State. Where appropriate, the Parties involved shall consult.
3. The provisions of this Agreement shall be so construed as to permit the intervening State to take measures, including the detention of persons, other than those aimed at the investigation and prosecution of relevant offences, only when:
a the flag State gives its express consent; or
b such measures are aimed at the investigation and prosecution of an offence committed after the person has been taken into the territory of the intervening State.
Article 14 - Exercise of preferential jurisdiction
1. A flag State wishing to exercise its preferential jurisdiction shall do so in accordance with the provisions of this article.
2. It shall notify the intervening State to this effect as soon as possible and at the latest within fourteen days from the receipt of the summary of evidence pursuant to Article 13. If the flag State fails to do this, it shall be deemed to have waived the exercise of its preferential jurisdiction.
3. Where the flag State has notified the intervening State that it exercises its preferential jurisdiction, the exercise of the jurisdiction of the intervening State shall be suspended, save for the purpose of surrendering persons, vessels, cargoes and evidence in accordance with this Agreement.
4. The flag State shall submit the case forthwith to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution.
5. Measures taken by the intervening State against the vessel and persons on board may be deemed to have been taken as part of the procedure of the flag State.
Article 15 - Surrender of vessels, cargoes, persons and evidence
1. Where the flag State has notified the intervening State of its intention to exercise its preferential jurisdiction, and if the flag State so requests, the persons arrested, the vessel, the cargo and the evidence seized shall be surrendered to that State in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.
2. The request for the surrender of arrested persons shall be supported by, in respect of each person, the original or a certified copy of the warrant of arrest or other order having the same effect, issued by a judicial authority in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the law of the flag State.
3. The Parties shall use their best endeavours to expedite the surrender of persons, vessels, cargoes and evidence.
4. Nothing in this Agreement shall be so construed as to deprive any detained person of his right under the law of the intervening State to have the lawfulness of his detention reviewed by a court of that State, in accordance with procedures established by its national law.
5. Instead of requesting the surrender of the detained persons or of the vessel, the flag State may request their immediate release. Where this request has been made, the intervening State shall release them forthwith.
Article 16 - Capital punishment
If any offence for which the flag State decides to exercise its preferential jurisdiction in accordance with Article 14 is punishable by death under the law of that State, and if in respect of such an offence the death penalty is not provided by the law of the intervening State or is not normally carried out, the surrender of any person may be refused unless the flag State gives such assurances as the intervening State considers sufficient that the death penalty will not be carried out.
Section 5 - Procedural and other general rules
Article 17 - Competent authorities
1. Each Party shall designate an authority, which shall be responsible for sending and answering requests under Articles 6 and 7 of this Agreement. So far as is practicable, each Party shall make arrangements so that this authority may receive and respond to the requests at any hour of any day or night.
2. The Parties shall furthermore designate a central authority which shall be responsible for the notification of the exercise of preferential jurisdiction under Article 14 and for all other communications or notifications under this Agreement.
3. Each Party shall, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, communicate to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe the names and addresses of the authorities designated in pursuance of this article, together with any other information facilitating communication under this Agreement. Any subsequent change with respect to the name, address or other relevant information concerning such authorities shall likewise be communicated to the Secretary General.
Article 18 - Communication between designated authorities
1. The authorities designated under Article 17 shall communicate directly with one another.
2. Where, for any reason, direct communication is not practicable, Parties may agree to use the communication channels of ICPO-Interpol or of the Customs Co-operation Council.
Article 19 - Form of request and languages
1. All communications under Articles 4 to 16 shall be made in writing. Modern means of telecommunications, such as telefax, may be used.
2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3 of this article, translations of the requests, other communications and supporting documents shall not be required.
3. At the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, any Party may communicate to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe a declaration that it reserves the right to require that requests, other communications and supporting documents sent to it, be made in or accompanied by a translation into its own language or into one of the official languages of the Council of Europe or into such one of these languages as it shall indicate. It may on that occasion declare its readiness to accept translations in any other language as it may specify. The other Parties may apply the reciprocity rule.
Article 20 - Authentication and legalisation
Documents transmitted in application of this Agreement shall be exempt from all authentication and legalisation formalities.
Article 21 - Content of request
A request under Article 6 shall specify:
a the authority making the request and the authority carrying out the investigations or proceedings;
b details of the vessel concerned, including, as far as possible, its name, a description of the vessel, any marks of registry or other signs indicating nationality, as well as its location, together with a request for confirmation that the vessel has the nationality of the requested Party;
c details of the suspected offences, together with the grounds for suspicion;
d the action it is proposed to take and an assurance that such action would be taken if the vessel concerned had been flying the flag of the intervening State.
Article 22 - Information for owners and masters of vessels
Each Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to inform the owners and masters of vessels flying their flag that States Parties to this Agreement may be granted the authority to board vessels beyond the territorial sea of any Party for the purposes specified in this Agreement and to inform them in particular of the obligation to comply with instructions given by a boarding party from an intervening State exercising that authority.
Article 23 - Restriction of use
The flag State may make the authorisation referred to in Article 6 subject to the condition that the information or evidence obtained will not, without its prior consent, be used or transmitted by the authorities of the intervening State in respect of investigations or proceedings other than those relating to relevant offences.
Article 24 - Confidentiality
The Parties concerned shall, if this is not contrary to the basic principles of their national law, keep confidential any evidence and information provided by another Party in pursuance of this Agreement, except to the extent that its disclosure is necessary for the application of the Agreement or for any investigations or proceedings.
Section 6 - Costs and damages
Article 25 - Costs
1. Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties concerned, the cost of carrying out any action under Articles 9 and 10 shall be borne by the intervening State, and the cost of carrying out action under Articles 4 and 5 shall normally be borne by the Party which renders assistance.
2. Where the flag State has exercised its preferential jurisdiction in accordance with Article 14, the cost of returning the vessel and of transporting suspected persons and evidence shall be borne by it.
Article 26 - Damages
1. If, in the process of taking action pursuant to Articles 9 and 10 above, any person, whether natural or legal, suffers loss, damage or injury as a result of negligence or some other fault attributable to the intervening State, it shall be liable to pay compensation in respect thereof.
2. Where the action is taken in a manner which is not justified by the terms of this Agreement, the intervening State shall be liable to pay compensation for any resulting loss, damage or injury. The intervening State shall also be liable to pay compensation for any such loss, damage or injury, if the suspicions prove to be unfounded and provided that the vessel boarded, the operator or the crew have not committed any act justifying them.
3. Liability for any damage resulting from action under Article 4 shall rest with the requesting State, which may seek compensation from the requested State where the damage was a result of negligence or some other fault attributable to that State.
Chapter III - Final provisions
Article 27 - Signature and entry into force
1. This Agreement shall be open for signature by the member States of the Council of Europe which have already expressed their consent to be bound by the Vienna Convention. They may express their consent to be bound by this Agreement by:
a signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval; or
b signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval, followed by ratification, acceptance or approval.
2. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
3. This Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date on which three member States of the Council of Europe have expressed their consent to be bound by the Agreement in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1.
4. In respect of any signatory State which subsequently expresses its consent to be bound by it, the Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date of its consent to be bound by the Agreement in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1.
Article 28 - Accession
1. After the entry into force of this Agreement, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, after consulting the Contracting States to the Agreement, may invite any State which is not a member of the Council but which has expressed its consent to be bound by the Vienna Convention to accede to this Agreement, by a decision taken by the majority provided for in Article 20.d of the Statute of the Council of Europe and by the unanimous vote of the representatives of the Contracting States entitled to sit on the Committee.
2. In respect of any acceding State, the Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date of deposit of the instrument of accession with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Article 29 - Territorial application
1. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, specify the territory or territories in respect of which its consent to be bound to this Agreement shall apply.
2. Any State may, at any later date, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, extend its consent to be bound by the present Agreement to any other territory specified in the declaration. In respect of such territory the Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date of receipt of such declaration by the Secretary General.
3. In respect of any territory subject to a declaration under paragraphs 1 and 2 above, authorities may be designated under Article 17, paragraphs 1 and 2.
4. Any declaration made under the preceding paragraphs may, in respect of any territory specified in such declaration, be withdrawn by a notification addressed to the Secretary General. The withdrawal shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date of receipt of such notification by the Secretary General.
Article 30 - Relationship to other conventions and agreements
1. This Agreement shall not affect rights and undertakings deriving from the Vienna Convention or from any international multilateral conventions concerning special matters.
2. The Parties to the Agreement may conclude bilateral or multilateral agreements with one another on the matters dealt with in this Agreement, for the purpose of supplementing or strengthening its provisions or facilitating the application of the principles embodied in it and in Article 17 of the Vienna Convention.
3. If two or more Parties have already concluded an agreement or treaty in respect of a subject dealt with in this Agreement or have otherwise established their relations in respect of that subject, they may agree to apply that agreement or treaty or to regulate those relations accordingly, in lieu of the present Agreement, if it facilitates international co-operation.
Article 31 - Reservations
1. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, declare that it avails itself of one or more of the reservations provided for in Article 3, paragraph 6, Article 19, paragraph 3 and Article 34, paragraph 5. No other reservation may be made.
2. Any State which has made a reservation under the preceding paragraph may wholly or partly withdraw it by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. The withdrawal shall take effect on the date of receipt of such notification by the Secretary General.
3. A Party which has made a reservation in respect of a provision of this Agreement may not claim the application of that provision by any other Party. It may, however, if its reservation is partial or conditional, claim the application of that provision in so far as it has itself accepted it.
Article 32 - Monitoring committee
1. After the entry into force of the present Agreement, a monitoring committee of experts representing the Parties shall be convened at the request of a Party to the Agreement by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
2. The monitoring committee shall review the working of the Agreement and make appropriate suggestions to secure its efficient operation.
3. The monitoring committee may decide its own procedural rules.
4. The monitoring committee may decide to invite States not Parties to the Agreement as well as international organisations or bodies, as appropriate, to its meetings.
5. Each Party shall send every second year a report on the operation of the Agreement to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe in such form and manner as may be decided by the monitoring committee or the European Committee on Crime Problems. The monitoring committee may decide to circulate the information supplied or a report thereon to the Parties and to such international organisations or bodies as it deems appropriate.
Article 33 - Amendments
1. Amendments to this Agreement may be proposed by any Party, and shall be communicated by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe to the member States of the Council of Europe and to every non-member State which has acceded to or has been invited to accede to the Agreement in accordance with the provisions of Article 28.
2. Any amendment proposed by a Party shall be communicated to the European Committee on Crime Problems, which shall submit to the Committee of Ministers its opinion on the proposed amendment.
3. The Committee of Ministers shall consider the proposed amendment and the opinion submitted by the European Committee on Crime Problems, and may adopt the amendment.
4. The text of any amendment adopted by the Committee of Ministers in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article shall be forwarded to the Parties for acceptance.
5. Any amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article shall come into force on the thirtieth day after all the Parties have informed the Secretary General of their acceptance thereof.
Article 34 - Settlement of disputes
1. The European Committee on Crime Problems of the Council of Europe shall be kept informed of the interpretation and application of this Agreement.
2. In case of a dispute between Parties as to the interpretation or application of this Agreement, the Parties shall seek a settlement of the dispute through negotiation or any other peaceful means of their choice, including submission of the dispute to the European Committee on Crime Problems, to an arbitral tribunal whose decisions shall be binding upon the Parties, mediation, conciliation or judicial process, as agreed upon by the Parties concerned.
3. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, or on any later date, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, declare that, in respect of any dispute concerning the interpretation or application of this Agreement, it recognises as compulsory, without prior agreement, and subject to reciprocity, the submission of the dispute to arbitration in accordance with the procedure set out in the appendix to this Agreement.
4. Any dispute which has not been settled in accordance with paragraphs 2 or 3 of this article shall be referred, at the request of any one of the parties to the dispute, to the International Court of Justice for decision.
5. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 4 of this article.
6. Any Party having made a declaration in accordance with paragraphs 3 or 5 of this article may at any time withdraw the declaration by notification to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Article 35 - Denunciation
1. Any Party may, at any time, denounce this Agreement by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
2. Such denunciation shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.
3. The present Agreement shall, however, continue to remain effective in respect of any actions or proceedings based on applications or requests made during the period of its validity in respect of the denouncing Party.
Article 36 - Notifications
The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall notify the member States of the Council, any State which has acceded to this Agreement and the Secretary General of the United Nations of:
a any signature;
b the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession;
c the name of any authority and any other information communicated pursuant to Article 17;
d any reservation made in accordance with Article 31, paragraph 1;
e the date of entry into force of this Agreement in accordance with Articles 27 and 28;
f any request made under Article 32, paragraph 1, and the date of any meeting convened under that paragraph;
g any declaration made under Article 3, paragraphs 5 and 6, Article 8, paragraph 2, Article 19, paragraph 3 and Article 34, paragraphs 3 and 5;
h any other act, notification or communication relating to this Agreement.
In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorised thereto, have signed this Agreement.
Done at Strasbourg, this 31st day of January 1995, in English and in French, both texts being equally authentic, in a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the Council of Europe. The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall transmit certified copies to each member State of the Council of Europe and to any State invited to accede to this Agreement.
APPENDIX
1. The Party to the dispute requesting arbitration pursuant to Article 34, paragraph 3, shall inform the other Party in writing of the claim and of the grounds on which its claim is based.
2. The Parties concerned shall establish an arbitral tribunal.
3. The arbitral tribunal shall consist of three members. Each Party shall nominate an arbitrator. Both Parties shall, by common accord, appoint the presiding arbitrator.
4. Failing such nomination or such appointment by common accord within four months from the date on which the arbitration was requested, the necessary nomination or appointment shall be entrusted to the Secretary General of the Permanent Court of Arbitration.
5. Unless the Parties agree otherwise, the tribunal shall determine its own procedure.
6. Unless otherwise agreed between the Parties, the tribunal shall decide on the basis of the applicable rules of international law or, in the absence of such rules, ex aequo et bono.
7. The tribunal shall reach its decision by a majority of votes. Its decision shall be final and binding.
S P O R A Z U M
O NEDOVOLJENEM PROMETU PO MORJU
ZA IZVAJANJE 17. ČLENA KONVENCIJE ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV ZOPER NEZAKONIT PROMET MAMIL IN PSIHOTROPNIH SNOVI
Države članice Sveta Evrope, ki so izrazile svoje soglasje, da jih zavezuje Konvencija Združenih narodov zoper nezakonit promet mamil in psihotropnih snovi, sprejeta na Dunaju 20. decembra 1988, v nadaljevanju “Dunajska konvencija”, so se
glede na to, da je cilj Sveta Evrope doseči večjo enotnost med članicami,
prepričane, da je treba izvajati skupno kazensko politiko, katere cilj je varstvo družbe,
glede na to, da je za boj proti hudim kaznivim dejanjem, ki vedno bolj postajajo mednarodni problem, potrebno tesno mednarodno sodelovanje,
v želji, da bi kar najbolj poglobile sodelovanje pri zatiranju nedovoljenega prometa z mamili in psihotropnimi snovmi po morju v skladu z mednarodnim pravom morja in pri tem upoštevale pravico do svobodne plovbe,
in ker menijo, da je treba dopolniti 17. člen Dunajske konvencije z regionalnim sporazumom, da bi lahko izvajali določbe tega člena in povečali njegovo učinkovitost,
dogovorile, kot sledi:
1. poglavje – Opredelitev pojmov
1. člen – Opredelitev pojmov
V tem sporazumu:
a) “država, ki ukrepa”
pomeni državo pogodbenico, ki je zaprosila ali namerava zaprositi drugo pogodbenico za pooblastilo, da v skladu s tem sporazumom ukrepa v zvezi z ladjo, ki pluje pod zastavo te druge pogodbenice ali ima njene registrske oznake;
b) “preferenčna jurisdikcija”
pomeni pravico prednostnega izvajanja jurisdikcije ob izključitvi izvajanja jurisdikcije druge države za določeno kaznivo dejanje, glede na to, da imata država, pod katere zastavo plovilo pluje, in druga država sočasno jurisdikcijo nad tem kaznivim dejanjem;
c) “določeno kaznivo dejanje”
pomeni vsako tako kaznivo dejanje, kot je opisano v prvem odstavku 3. člena Dunajske konvencije;
d) “plovilo”
pomeni ladjo ali vsako drugo plovilo, plovilo na zračni blazini in plovila, ki lahko plujejo pod morsko površino.
2. poglavje – Mednarodno sodelovanje
1. razdelek – Splošne določbe
2. člen – Splošna načela
1. Pogodbenice čim bolj sodelujejo, da bi zatrle nedovoljeni promet z mamili in psihotropnimi snovmi po morju, in to v skladu z mednarodnim pravom morja.
2. Pri izvajanju tega sporazuma si pogodbenice prizadevajo zagotoviti, da bodo čim učinkoviteje izvajale ukrepe za boj proti nedovoljenemu prometu z mamili in psihotropnimi snovmi po morju.
3. Pri vsakem ukrepanju na podlagi tega sporazuma je treba upoštevati, da se ne sme posegati v pravice in obveznosti ter v uresničevanje jurisdikcije obalnih držav ali nanje vplivati, in to v skladu z mednarodnim pravom morja.
4. Nič v tem sporazumu se ne sme razlagati tako, kot da krši načelo ne bis in idem, kot se uporablja v notranjem pravu.
5. Pogodbenice se zavedajo vrednosti zbiranja in izmenjave informacij o plovilih, tovoru in drugih dejstvih, kadar koli menijo, da bi taka izmenjava koristila drugi pogodbenici pri zatiranju nedovoljenega prometa z mamili in psihotropnimi snovmi po morju.
6. Ta sporazum z ničimer ne vpliva na imuniteto vojnih ladij in drugih državnih plovil, ki plujejo za negospodarske namene.
3. člen – Jurisdikcija
1. Vsaka pogodbenica ukrene vse potrebno, da zagotovi svojo jurisdikcijo za tista določena kazniva dejanja, ki so storjena na plovilu, ki pluje pod njeno zastavo.
2. Za uporabo tega sporazuma vsaka pogodbenica ukrene vse potrebno, da zagotovi svojo jurisdikcijo za tista določena kazniva dejanja, storjena na plovilu, ki pluje pod zastavo druge pogodbenice tega sporazuma, ima njene registrske oznake ali kake druge oznake pripadnosti tej državi. Taka jurisdikcija se izvaja samo v skladu s tem sporazumom.
3. Za uporabo tega sporazuma vsaka pogodbenica ukrene vse potrebno, da zagotovi svojo jurisdikcijo za tista določena kazniva dejanja, ki so bila storjena na plovilu, ki nima države zastave, ali na plovilu, ki je enako plovilu brez državne pripadnosti po mednarodnem pravu.
4. Država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, ima preferenčno jurisdikcijo za vsako določeno kaznivo dejanje, ki je bilo storjeno na njenem plovilu.
5. Vsaka država lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu ali kadar koli pozneje z izjavo, naslovljeno na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, obvesti druge pogodbenice o merilih, ki jih namerava uporabiti pri izvajanju svoje jurisdikcije, zagotovljene po drugem odstavku tega člena.
6. Država, ki nima v uporabi vojnih ladij, vojaških zrakoplovov ali drugih državnih ladij ali zrakoplovov, ki plujejo za negospodarske namene, kar bi ji omogočilo, da bi lahko država, ki ukrepa, po tem sporazumu ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu z izjavo, naslovljeno na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, izjavi, da ne bo uporabljala drugega in tretjega odstavka tega člena. Država, ki je dala tako izjavo, jo mora umakniti, ko ni več okoliščin, ki bi upravičevale tak pridržek.
4. člen – Pomoč državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo
1. Pogodbenica, ki utemeljeno sumi, da je plovilo, ki pluje pod njeno zastavo, vpleteno v določeno kaznivo dejanje ali uporabljeno zanj, lahko druge pogodbenice zaprosi za pomoč pri preprečevanju uporabe plovila za ta namen. Zaprošene pogodbenice pomagajo s sredstvi, ki jih imajo na voljo.
2. Hkrati z zaprosilom lahko država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, med drugim pooblasti zaprošeno pogodbenico, da izvaja nekatera ali vsa dejanja, določena v tem sporazumu, ob upoštevanju morebitnih pogojev ali omejitev.
3. Ko zaprošena država privoli, da bo ukrepala po pooblastilu, ki ga je v skladu z drugim odstavkom dobila od države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, veljajo, če je to ustrezno in ni drugače določeno, za zaprošeno državo in za državo prosilko določbe tega sporazuma glede pravic in obveznosti države, ki ukrepa, in države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
5. člen – Ladje brez državne pripadnosti
1. Pogodbenica, ki utemeljeno sumi, da je plovilo brez državne pripadnosti ali plovilo, ki je po mednarodnem pravu enako plovilu brez državne pripadnosti, vpleteno v določeno kaznivo dejanje ali uporabljeno zanj, obvesti tiste pogodbenice, ki se zdijo najbolj prizadete, in lahko zaprosi vsako tako pogodbenico za pomoč pri preprečevanju uporabe plovila v ta namen. Zaprošena pogodbenica pomaga s sredstvi, ki jih ima na voljo.
2. Kadar ukrepa pogodbenica, ki je prejela informacije po prvem odstavku, sama določi, katera dejanja so primerna, in izvaja svojo jurisdikcijo nad vsemi določenimi kaznivimi dejanji, ki jih je morda kdor koli storil na plovilu.
3. Pogodbenica, ki ukrepa po tem členu, čim prej obvesti pogodbenico, ki jo je obvestila ali prosila za pomoč, o izidih vseh ukrepov v zvezi s plovilom in osebami na njem.
2. razdelek – Pooblastitveni postopki
6. člen – Osnovna pravila za pooblastitev
Kadar država, ki ukrepa, utemeljeno sumi, da je plovilo, ki pluje pod zastavo druge pogodbenice, ali ima njene registrske oznake ali druge oznake državne pripadnosti plovila, vpleteno v določeno kaznivo dejanje ali uporabljeno zanj, lahko država, ki ukrepa, zaprosi državo, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, za pooblastilo, da plovilo ustavi in vanj vstopi zunaj teritorialnega morja katere koli pogodbenice in opravi nekatera ali vsa druga dejanja, določena v tem sporazumu. Nobeno tako dejanje pa se ne sme opraviti samo na podlagi tega sporazuma brez pooblastila države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
7. člen – Odločitev o zaprosilu za pooblastitev
Država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, takoj potrdi prejem zaprosila za pooblastitev po 6. členu in sporoči svojo odločitev čim prej, če je le izvedljivo v štirih urah od prejema zaprosila.
8. člen – Pogoji
1. Če država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, ugodi zaprosilu, je lahko pooblastilo dano pod pogoji ali z omejitvami. Taki pogoji ali omejitve lahko zlasti določajo, da mora biti, preden država, ki ukrepa, stori katera koli navedena dejanja, dano izrecno pooblastilo države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
2. Vsaka država lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu z izjavo, naslovljeno na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, izjavi, da pogojuje svoje delovanje kot država, ki ukrepa, s tem da imajo njeni državljani, ki so bili predani državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, v skladu s 15. členom in tam tudi obsojeni za določeno kaznivo dejanje, možnost, da so za prestajanje kazni premeščeni v državo, ki ukrepa.
3. razdelek – Pravila za ukrepanje
9. člen – Ukrepi po pooblastilu
1. Potem ko je dobila pooblastilo od države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, in ob upoštevanju morebitnih pogojev ali omejitev v skladu s prvim odstavkom 8. člena, lahko država, ki ukrepa, opravi ta dejanja:
i) a) ustavitev plovila in vstop vanj;
b) vzpostavitev učinkovitega nadzora nad plovilom in osebami na njem;
c) ukrepanje po pododstavku ii) tega člena, kot je potrebno, da se ugotovi, ali je bilo storjeno določeno kaznivo dejanje, in da se zavarujejo dokazi o tem;
d) zahtevo, da se plovilo in osebe na njem odpeljejo na ozemlje države, ki ukrepa, in zadržanje plovila na tem ozemlju, da se opravijo nadaljnja preiskovalna dejanja;
ii) in po vzpostavitvi učinkovitega nadzora nad plovilom:
a) preiskavo plovila, vsake osebe na njem in vsega v njem, vključno s tovorom;
b) odprtje ali zahtevo, da se odprejo vsi zabojniki, in pregled ali jemanje vzorcev vsega na plovilu;
c) zahtevo, da vsak na plovilu da informacije o sebi ali čemer koli na plovilu;
d) zahtevo, da se predložijo dokumenti, knjige ali zapisi o ladji ali osebah in predmetih na njej, in izdelava fotografij ali kopij vsega, za kar lahko pristojni organi zahtevajo, da se predloži;
e) zaseg, zavarovanje in varstvo vseh dokazov ali stvari, ki so bile odkrite na plovilu.
2. Noben ukrep iz prvega odstavka tega člena ne posega v pravico, ki jo imajo osumljenci po pravu države, ki ukrepa, da se sami kazensko ne obremenijo.
10. člen – Prisilni ukrepi
1. Kadar ima država, ki ukrepa, na podlagi dejanj iz 9. člena dokaz, da je bilo storjeno določeno kaznivo dejanje, ki bi po njenih zakonih zadoščal za odvzem prostosti prizadetim osebam ali za zadržanje plovila ali za oboje, lahko tako ukrepa.
2. Država, ki ukrepa, takoj obvesti državo, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, o ukrepih iz prvega odstavka, ki jih je izvedla.
3. Plovilo se ne sme zadrži dlje, kot je nujno potrebno za dokončanje preiskovalnih dejanj za določena kazniva dejanja. Kadar gre za utemeljen sum, da so lastniki plovila neposredno vpleteni v določeno kaznivo dejanje, se lahko plovilo in tovor zadržita še po končani preiskavi. Osebe, ki niso osumljene določenega kaznivega dejanja, se izpustijo, predmeti, ki niso potrebni kot dokaz, pa se vrnejo.
4. Ne glede na določbe iz prejšnjega odstavka se lahko država, ki ukrepa, in država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, sporazumeta s tretjo državo pogodbenico tega sporazuma, da se plovilo odpelje na ozemlje te tretje države, in ko je plovilo na tem ozemlju, se ta tretja država za namene tega sporazuma obravnava kot država, ki ukrepa.
11. člen – Izvedba ukrepov
1. Za ukrepe iz 9. in 10. člena se uporablja pravo države, ki ukrepa.
2. Ukrepe iz točk a), b) in d) prvega odstavka 9. člena izvajajo samo vojne ladje ali vojaški zrakoplovi ali druge ladje ali zrakoplovi, ki so jasno označeni in prepoznavni, da opravljajo naloge za državo in so za to pooblaščeni.
3. a) Uradna oseba države, ki ukrepa, se ne sme kazensko preganjati v državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, za nobeno dejanje, ki ga je opravila med izvajanjem svojih nalog. V takem primeru je uradna oseba kazensko odgovorna v državi, ki ukrepa, kot da bi bili znaki kaznivega dejanja izpolnjeni pod jurisdikcijo te države.
b) Pri postopkih, ki so bili sproženi v državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, se kazniva dejanja, storjena proti uradni osebi države, ki ukrepa, v zvezi z dejanji, izvedenimi po 9. in 10. členu, obravnavajo, kot da bi bila storjena proti uradni osebi države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
4. Poveljnik plovila, v katero se je vstopilo v skladu s tem sporazumom, ima pravico, da se poveže z organi države, pod katere zastavo pluje, kakor tudi z lastniki ali upravljavci plovila, in jih obvesti, da je bilo plovilo ustavljeno. Vendar pa organi države, ki ukrepa, lahko preprečijo ali časovno odložijo vse stike z lastniki ali upravljavci plovila, če utemeljeno domnevajo, da bi taki stiki lahko ovirali preiskovalna dejanja za določeno kaznivo dejanje.
12. člen – Delovni varovalni ukrepi
1. Pri izvajanju tega sporazuma pogodbenice ustrezno poskrbijo, da nista ogroženi varnost življenja na morju ter varnost plovila in tovora in da niso oškodovani gospodarski in pravni interesi. Zlasti upoštevajo:
a) nevarnosti v zvezi z vstopanjem v plovilo na morju in razmislijo, ali ne bi bilo to varneje storiti ob prvem postanku plovila v pristanišču;
b) da je treba čim manj posegati v zakonite gospodarske dejavnosti plovila;
c) da se je treba izogniti nepotrebnemu zadržanju plovila ali zavlačevanju plovbe;
d) da je treba omejiti uporabo sile na najmanjšo potrebno za zagotovitev skladnosti z navodili države, ki ukrepa.
2. O uporabi strelnega orožja proti plovilu ali na plovilu je treba čim prej poročati državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
3. O smrti ali poškodbi katere koli osebe na plovilu je treba čim prej poročati državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo. Organi države, ki ukrepa, tesno sodelujejo z organi države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, pri vsaki preiskavi o smrti ali poškodbi, ki jo opravi država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
4. razdelek – Pravila o izvajanju jurisdikcije
13. člen – Dokazi za kazniva dejanja
1. Da bi omogočili državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, odločitev o tem, ali bo uporabila preferenčno jurisdikcijo v skladu z določbami 14. člena, država, ki ukrepa, takoj pošlje državi, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, kratek popis dokazov za kazniva dejanja, ki jih je odkrila pri izvajanju ukrepov iz 9. člena. Država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, takoj potrdi prejem.
2. Če država, ki ukrepa, odkrije dokaze, zaradi katerih domneva, da bi lahko bila storjena kazniva dejanja, ki niso zajeta v tem sporazumu, ali da so na plovilu osumljenci, ki niso vpleteni v po tem sporazumu določena kazniva dejanja, obvesti državo, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo. Kadar je to primerno, se pogodbenici posvetujeta.
3. Določbe tega sporazuma je treba razumeti tako, kot da dovoljujejo državi, ki ukrepa, da uporabi tudi druge ukrepe, razen tistih, namenjenih za preiskavo in pregon določenih kaznivih dejanj, vključno s pridržanjem oseb, samo kadar:
a) država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, v to izrecno privoli, ali
b) so taki ukrepi namenjeni za preiskavo in pregon kaznivega dejanja, storjenega po tem, ko je bila oseba odpeljana na ozemlje države, ki ukrepa.
14. člen – Izvajanje preferenčne jurisdikcije
1. Ko država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, želi izvajati svojo preferenčno jurisdikcijo, to stori v skladu z določbami tega člena.
2. O tem čim prej in najkasneje v 14 dneh od dneva, ko je prejela kratek popis dokazov na podlagi 13. člena, obvesti državo, ki ukrepa. Če država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, tega ne stori, se šteje, da se je odpovedala izvajanju svoje preferenčne jurisdikcije.
3. Kadar je država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, obvestila državo, ki ukrepa, da izvaja svojo preferenčno jurisdikcijo, pristojnost države, ki ukrepa, začasno preneha, razen za predajo oseb, plovil, tovora in dokazov v skladu s tem sporazumom.
4. Država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, takoj predloži primer svojim pristojnim organom v pregon.
5. Ukrepi države, ki ukrepa, proti plovilu in osebam na njej, se lahko štejejo, kot da so del postopka države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
15. člen – Predaja plovil, tovora, oseb in dokazov
1. Kadar je država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, obvestila državo, ki ukrepa, da namerava izvajati svojo preferenčno jurisdikcijo, in če država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, tako zahteva, se prijete osebe ter plovilo, tovor in dokazi, ki so bili zaseženi, predajo tej državi v skladu z določbami tega sporazuma.
2. Zahteva za predajo prijete osebe mora biti za vsako osebo utemeljena z izvirnikom ali overjeno kopijo naloga za prijetje ali drugim ukazom z enakim učinkom, ki ga je izdal pravosodni organ v skladu z zakonsko predpisanim postopkom države, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo.
3. Pogodbenici si bosta zelo prizadevali, da se osebe, plovila, tovor in dokazi predajo čim hitreje.
4. Nič v tem sporazumu se ne sme razlagati, kot da se pridržani osebi krati pravica, ki ji pripada po pravu države, ki ukrepa, da sodišče te države preveri zakonitost njenega pridržanja v skladu s postopki po njenem notranjem pravu.
5. Država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, lahko namesto zahteve za predajo pridržanih oseb ali plovila zahteva njihovo takojšnjo izpustitev. V tem primeru država, ki ukrepa, osebe ali plovilo takoj izpusti.
16. člen – Smrtna kazen
Če se kaznivo dejanje, za katero država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, odloči, da bo izvajala svojo preferenčno jurisdikcijo v skladu s 14. členom, po pravu te države lahko kaznuje s smrtjo, po pravu države, ki ukrepa, pa za to kaznivo dejanje ni predvidena smrtna kazen oziroma se ta praviloma ne izvaja, se predaja osebe lahko odkloni, razen če država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, da taka zagotovila, kot so po mnenju države, ki ukrepa, zadostna, da smrtna kazen ne bo izvršena.
5. razdelek – Pravila postopka in druga splošna pravila
17. člen – Pristojni organi
1. Vsaka pogodbenica določi organ, ki bo odgovoren za pošiljanje zaprosil in odgovorov nanje po 6. in 7. členu tega sporazuma. Če je to izvedljivo, vsaka pogodbenica poskrbi, da je temu organu omogočeno, da prošnjo prejme in nanjo odgovori kadar koli podnevi ali ponoči.
2. Poleg tega pogodbenice določijo osrednji organ, ki je odgovoren za uradno obveščanje o izvajanju preferenčne jurisdikcije po 14. členu in za vsa druga sporočila ali uradna obvestila po tem sporazumu.
3. Vsaka pogodbenica ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu generalnemu sekretarju Sveta Evrope sporoči imena in naslove organov, ki jih je določila po tem členu, kakor tudi vse druge podatke, ki bi olajšali sporazumevanje po tem sporazumu. Vse kasnejše spremembe imen, naslovov ali kakršne koli druge pomembne informacije o teh organih je prav tako treba sporočiti generalnemu sekretarju.
18. člen – Sporazumevanje med imenovanimi organi
1. Organi, določeni po 17. členu, se neposredno sporazumevajo.
2. Kadar je neposredno sporazumevanje težko izvedljivo, se pogodbenice lahko dogovorijo, da uporabijo komunikacijske poti Interpola ali Sveta za carinsko sodelovanje.
19. člen – Oblika zaprosila in jeziki
1. Vsa sporočila po 4. do 16. členu morajo biti pisna. Lahko se uporabijo sodobna komunikacijska sredstva, kot je faks.
2. Ob upoštevanju določb iz tretjega odstavka tega člena se ne smejo zahtevati prevodi zaprosil, drugih sporočil in priložena dokumentacija.
3. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu da generalnemu sekretarju Sveta Evrope izjavo, da si pridržuje pravico zahtevati, da so njej poslana zaprosila, druga sporočila in priložena dokumentacija napisani v jeziku te pogodbenice ali v enem od uradnih jezikov Sveta Evrope ali pa v enem od teh jezikov, ki ga sama določi, oziroma da jim je priložen tak prevod. Ob tej priložnosti lahko izjavi, da je pripravljena sprejeti prevode v kateri koli drug jezik, ki ga lahko navede. Druge pogodbenice lahko uporabijo pravilo vzajemnosti.
20. člen – Overitev
Dokumentov, ki se pošiljajo v zvezi z uporabo tega sporazuma, ni treba overiti.
21. člen – Vsebina zaprosila
V zaprosilu po 6. členu morajo biti navedeni:
a) organ, ki pošilja zaprosilo, in organ, ki izvaja preiskovalna dejanja ali postopke;
b) podrobni podatki o plovilu, ki naj po možnosti vključujejo ime in opis plovila, registrske oznake ali druge znake državne pripadnosti, kakor tudi navedbo, kje je plovilo, skupaj s prošnjo za potrditev zaprošene pogodbenice, da ima plovilo njeno državno pripadnost;
c) podrobnosti o domnevnih kaznivih dejanjih skupaj z razlogi za tak sum;
d) predlagani ukrep in zagotovilo, da bi se enako ukrepalo tudi, če bi plovilo plulo pod zastavo države, ki ukrepa.
22. člen – Informacije za lastnike in poveljnike plovil
Vsaka pogodbenica s primernimi ukrepi poskrbi, da so lastniki in poveljniki plovil, ki plujejo pod njeno zastavo, obveščeni, da lahko države pogodbenice tega sporazuma dobijo dovoljenje, da vstopijo v plovila zunaj teritorialnega morja katere koli pogodbenice, in sicer za namene, ki so določeni v tem sporazumu, in da jih obvesti zlasti o obveznosti, da se ravnajo po navodilih tistih, ki vstopijo v plovilo v imenu države, ki ukrepa po pooblastilu.
23. člen – Omejitev uporabe
Država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, lahko da pooblastilo iz 6. člena pod pogojem, da organi države, ki ukrepa, brez njenega predhodnega soglasja ne bodo uporabili ali sporočali pridobljenih informacij ali dokazov v zvezi s preiskovalnimi dejanji ali postopki, razen tistih, ki se nanašajo na določena kazniva dejanja.
24. člen – Zaupnost
Če to ni v nasprotju s temeljnimi načeli njihovega notranjega prava, prizadete pogodbenice obravnavajo kot zaupne vse dokaze in informacije, ki jim jih priskrbi druga pogodbenica v skladu s tem sporazumom, razen če je njihovo razkritje potrebno za uporabo tega sporazuma ali za preiskovalna dejanja ali postopke.
6. razdelek – Stroški in odškodnina
25. člen – Stroški
1. Če se prizadete pogodbenice ne dogovorijo drugače, država, ki ukrepa, krije stroške izvajanja vseh ukrepov po 9. in 10. členu, stroške ukrepanja po 4. in 5. členu pa praviloma krije pogodbenica, ki pomaga.
2. Kadar država, pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo, izvaja svojo preferenčno jurisdikcijo v skladu s 14. členom, krije tudi stroške za vrnitev plovila in prevoz osumljenih oseb in dokazov.
26. člen – Odškodnina
1. Če zaradi malomarnosti ali druge nepravilnosti, ki jo je mogoče pripisati državi, ki ukrepa, fizična ali pravna oseba utrpi izgubo, škodo ali poškodbo med ukrepanjem po 9. in 10. členu, je ta država odgovorna za plačilo odškodnine.
2. Če se ukrepi izvajajo na način, ki po določilih tega sporazuma ni upravičen, je država, ki ukrepa, odgovorna za plačilo odškodnine za vsako posledično izgubo, škodo ali poškodbo. Država, ki ukrepa, je odgovorna tudi za plačilo odškodnine za povzročeno izgubo, škodo ali poškodbo, če se izkaže, da je bil sum neutemeljen in če ustavljeno plovilo, upravljavec ali posadka niso storili ničesar, s čimer bi bil tak sum upravičen.
3. Za vsako škodo, ki je posledica izvajanja ukrepov iz 4. člena, je odgovorna država prosilka, ki pa lahko zahteva odškodnino od zaprošene države, če je škoda nastala kot posledica malomarnosti ali druge nepravilnosti, ki jo je mogoče pripisati tej državi.
7. razdelek – Končne določbe
27. člen – Podpis in začetek veljavnosti
1. Ta sporazum je na voljo za podpis državam članicam Sveta Evrope, ki so že izrazile soglasje, da jih zavezuje Dunajska konvencija. Svojo zavezanost po tem sporazumu pa lahko izrazijo s:
a) podpisom brez pridržka glede ratifikacije, sprejetja ali odobritve ali
b) podpisom s pridržkom glede ratifikacije, sprejetja ali odobritve, ki mu sledi ratifikacija, sprejetje ali odobritev.
2. Listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Sveta Evrope.
3. Ta sporazum začne veljati prvi dan meseca po preteku treh mesecev od dneva, ko so tri države pogodbenice Sveta Evrope izrazile svoje soglasje, da jih sporazum zavezuje v skladu z določbami prvega odstavka.
4. Za državo podpisnico, ki kasneje izrazi soglasje, da jo sporazum zavezuje, začne ta veljati prvi dan po preteku treh mesecev od dneva, ko je ta država soglašala, da jo sporazum zavezuje v skladu z določbami prvega odstavka.
28. člen – Pristop
1. Po začetku veljavnosti sporazuma lahko Odbor ministrov Sveta Evrope po posvetu z državami pogodbenicami s sklepom, ki ga sprejme večina, kot jo določa odstavek d) 20. člena Statuta Sveta Evrope, in s soglasjem vseh predstavnikov držav pogodbenic, ki imajo pravico sodelovati v odboru, povabi katero koli državo, ki ni članica Sveta, je pa soglašala, da jo zavezuje Dunajska konvencija, da pristopi k temu sporazumu.
2. Za državo, ki pristopi, začne sporazum veljati prvi dan meseca po preteku treh mesecev od dneva deponiranja listine o pristopu pri generalnem sekretarju Sveta Evrope.
29. člen – Ozemlje uporabe
1. Vsaka država lahko ob deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu določi ozemlje ali ozemlja, na katera se nanaša njeno soglasje, da jo zavezuje ta sporazum.
2. Vsaka država lahko kadar koli kasneje z izjavo, naslovljeno na generalnega sekretarja, razširi svoje soglasje, da jo zavezuje ta sporazum za vsako drugo ozemlje, navedeno v izjavi. Za to ozemlje začne sporazum veljati prvi dan meseca po preteku treh mesecev od dneva, ko je generalni sekretar prejel izjavo.
3. Za vsako ozemlje, navedeno v izjavi iz prvega in drugega odstavka tega člena, se določijo pristojni organi v skladu s prvim in drugim odstavkom 17. člena.
4. Vsaka izjava iz prejšnjih odstavkov se lahko za vsako ozemlje, ki je navedeno v njej, umakne z uradnim obvestilom, naslovljenim na generalnega sekretarja. Umik začne veljati prvi dan meseca po preteku treh mesecev od dneva, ko je generalni sekretar prejel tako uradno obvestilo.
30. člen – Razmerje do drugih konvencij in sporazumov
1. Ta sporazum ne vpliva na pravice in obveznosti, ki izhajajo iz Dunajske konvencije ali iz katerih koli drugih mednarodnih konvencij o posebnih vprašanjih.
2. Pogodbenice tega sporazuma lahko med seboj sklepajo dvostranske ali večstranske sporazume o zadevah, ki jih ureja ta sporazum zaradi dopolnjevanja ali utrjevanja njegovih določb ali lažje uporabe načel iz tega sporazuma in iz 17. člena Dunajske konvencije.
3. Če je že sklenjen sporazum ali mednarodna pogodba o tematiki, ki jo ureja ta sporazum, med dvema ali več pogodbenicami ali so če pogodbenice kako drugače vzpostavile svoje odnose glede te tematike, se lahko dogovorijo, da uporabljajo ta sporazum ali mednarodno pogodbo ali da svoje odnose urejajo drugače in ne po tem sporazumu, če to omogoča lažje mednarodno sodelovanje.
31. člen – Pridržki
1. Vsaka država lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu izjavi, da bo uporabila možnost enega ali več pridržkov, predvidenih v šestem odstavku 3. člena, tretjem odstavku 19. člena in petem odstavku 34. člena. Noben drug pridržek ni dopusten.
2. Vsaka država, ki je izrazila pridržek na podlagi prejšnjega odstavka, ga lahko v celoti ali delno umakne z uradnim obvestilom, naslovljenim na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope. Umik začne veljati z dnem, ko je generalni sekretar prejel tako uradno obvestilo.
3. Pogodbenica, ki je dala pridržek glede določbe tega sporazuma, ne sme zahtevati, da to določbo uporablja druga pogodbenica. Če pa je njen pridržek delen ali pogojen, lahko zahteva uporabo te določbe v takem obsegu, kot ga je sama sprejela.
32. člen – Nadzorni odbor
1. Ko ta sporazum začne veljati, skliče generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope na zahtevo ene od pogodbenic tega sporazuma nadzorni odbor strokovnjakov, ki zastopajo pogodbenice.
2. Nadzorni odbor preverja izvajanje tega sporazuma in z ustreznimi predlogi zagotavlja njegovo učinkovito uporabo.
3. Nadzorni odbor lahko sam določi pravila postopka.
4. Nadzorni odbor lahko odloči, da na svoje sestanke povabi države, ki niso pogodbenice tega sporazuma, oziroma mednarodne organizacije ali organe.
5. Vsaka pogodbenica pošlje vsako drugo leto poročilo o izvajanju tega sporazuma generalnemu sekretarju Sveta Evrope v obliki in na način, ki ga določi nadzorni odbor ali Evropski odbor za problematiko kriminalitete. Nadzorni odbor lahko odloči, da prejete informacije ali poročilo o njih pošlje vsem pogodbenicam in tistim mednarodnim organizacijam ali organom, za katere se mu to zdi primerno.
33. člen – Spremembe
1. Spremembe sporazuma lahko predlaga pogodbenica, generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope pa jih sporoči državam članicam Sveta Evrope in vsaki državi nečlanici, ki je pristopila ali bila povabljena, da pristopi k sporazumu v skladu z določbami 28. člena.
2. Vsaka predlagana sprememba se sporoči Evropskemu odboru za problematiko kriminalitete, ki svoje mnenje o predlagani spremembi predloži Odboru ministrov.
3. Odbor ministrov prouči predlagano spremembo in mnenje Evropskega odbora za problematiko kriminalitete in jo lahko sprejme.
4. Besedilo spremembe, ki jo je sprejel Odbor ministrov v skladu s tretjim odstavkom tega člena, se pošlje pogodbenicam v sprejetje.
5. Vsaka sprememba, sprejeta v skladu s tretjim odstavkom tega člena, začne veljati trideseti dan, potem ko so vse pogodbenice obvestile generalnega sekretarja, da so sprejele spremembo.
34. člen – Reševanje sporov
1. Evropski odbor za problematiko kriminalitete pri Svetu Evrope je treba obveščati o razlagi in uporabi tega sporazuma.
2. Če pride med pogodbenicami do spora glede razlage ali uporabe sporazuma, poskušajo pogodbenice rešiti spor s pogajanji ali na drug miren način po lastni izbiri, vključno s predajo zadeve Evropskemu odboru za problematiko kriminalitete, razsodišču, katerega odločitve so za pogodbenice zavezujoče, pa tudi s posredovanjem, spravo ali sodnim postopkom, kot se prizadete pogodbenice dogovorijo.
3. Vsaka država lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu ali kadar koli pozneje z izjavo, naslovljeno na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, izjavi, da za spor o razlagi ali uporabi tega sporazuma priznava kot obvezno, da se spor brez predhodnega dogovora in ob upoštevanju vzajemnosti predloži v arbitražni postopek v skladu s postopkom, določenim v dodatku k temu sporazumu.
4. Vsak spor, ki ni bil rešen v skladu z drugim ali tretjim odstavkom tega člena, se na zahtevo ene od pogodbenic v sporu predloži v odločanje Meddržavnemu sodišču.
5. Vsaka država lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu z izjavo, naslovljeno na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, izjavi, da se ne šteje za zavezano po četrtem odstavku tega člena.
6. Vsaka pogodbenica, ki je dala izjavo v skladu s tretjim ali petim odstavkom tega člena, lahko to izjavo kadar koli umakne z uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Sveta Evrope.
35. člen – Odpoved
1. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko kadar koli odpove ta sporazum z uradnim obvestilom, naslovljenim na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope.
2. Odpoved začne veljati prvi dan meseca po preteku treh mesecev od dneva, ko je generalni sekretar prejel uradno obvestilo.
3. Za pogodbenico, ki je odpovedala sporazum, pa ta vseeno še naprej velja za vsa dejanja ali postopke, ki temeljijo na vlogah ali zaprosilih, danih med veljavnostjo sporazuma.
36. člen – Uradna obvestila
Generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope uradno obvesti države članice Sveta Evrope, vse države, ki so pristopile k sporazumu, ter generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov o:
a) vsakem podpisu,
b) deponiranju vsake listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu,
c) imenu vsakega pristojnega organa in o drugih informacijah, sporočenih na podlagi 17. člena,
d) vsakem pridržku, danem v skladu s prvim odstavkom 31. člena,
e) datumu začetka veljavnosti sporazuma v skladu s 27. in 28. členom,
f) vsaki zahtevi, dani po prvem odstavku 32. člena, in o datumu vsakega sestanka, sklicanega po navedenem odstavku,
g) vsaki izjavi, dani po petem in šestem odstavku 3. člena, drugem odstavku 8. člena, tretjem odstavku 19. člena ter tretjem in petem odstavku 34. člena,
h) vsakem drugem dejanju, uradnem obvestilu ali sporočilu v zvezi s tem sporazumom.
V potrditev tega so podpisani, ki so bili za to pravilno pooblaščeni, podpisali ta sporazum.
Sestavljeno v Strasbourgu 31. januarja 1995 v angleškem in francoskem jeziku, pri čemer sta obe besedili enako verodostojni, v enem izvodu, ki se hrani v arhivu Sveta Evrope. Generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope pošlje overjeno kopijo vsaki državi članici Sveta Evrope in vsaki državi, ki je bila povabljena, da pristopi k sporazumu.
DODATEK
1. Pogodbenica v sporu, ki zahteva arbitražo na podlagi tretjega odstavka 34. člena, pisno obvesti drugo pogodbenico o tožbi in razlogih, na katerih temelji.
2. Prizadete pogodbenice ustanovijo razsodišče.
3. Razsodišče ima tri člane. Vsaka pogodbenica imenuje enega razsodnika. Pogodbenici sporazumno imenujeta predsedujočega razsodnika.
4. Če po preteku štirih mesecev od dneva, ko je bila arbitraža zahtevana, ni prišlo do imenovanja razsodnikov ali sporazumnega imenovanja predsedujočega razsodnika, je potrebno imenovanje zaupano generalnemu sekretarju Stalnega arbitražnega sodišča.
5. Če se pogodbenici ne dogovorita drugače, razsodišče določi svoj postopek.
6. Če se pogodbenici ne dogovorita drugače, razsodišče odloča na podlagi ustreznih pravil mednarodnega prava, če pa teh ni, po načelu ex aequo et bono.
7. Razsodišče odloči z večino glasov. Njegova odločitev je dokončna in zavezujoča.
3. člen
Za izvajanje sporazuma skrbi Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve v sodelovanju z Ministrstvom za pravosodje.
4. člen
Ta zakon začne veljati naslednji dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 212-05/00-14/1
Ljubljana, dne 14. septembra 2000
Predsednik
Državnega zbora
Republike Slovenije
Janez Podobnik, dr. med. l. r.
