Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
U K A Z
O RAZGLASITVI ZAKONA O RATIFIKACIJI KONVENCIJE O ČEZMEJNIH UČINKIH INDUSTRIJSKIH NESREČ (MKČUIN)
Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Konvencije o čezmejnih učinkih industrijskih nesreč (MKČUIN), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji 22. novembra 2001.
Št. 001-22-145/01
Ljubljana, 30. novembra 2001
Predsednik
Republike Slovenije
Milan Kučan l. r.
Z A K O N
O RATIFIKACIJI KONVENCIJE O ČEZMEJNIH UČINKIH INDUSTRIJSKIH NESREČ (MKČUIN)
1. člen
Ratificira se Konvencija o čezmejnih učinkih industrijskih nesreč, sprejeta 17. marca 1992 v Helsinkih.
2. člen
Konvencija se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in v prevodu v slovenski jezik glasi:
C O N V E N T I O N
ON THE TRANSBOUNDARY EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
PREAMBLE
The Parties to this Convention,
Mindful of the special importance, in the interest of present and future generations, of protecting human beings and the environment against the effects of industrial accidents,
Recognizing the importance and urgency of preventing serious adverse effects of industrial accidents on human beings and the environment, and of promoting all measures that stimulate the rational, economic and efficient use of preventive, preparedness and response measures to enable environmentally sound and sustainable economic development,
Taking into account the fact that the effects of industrial accidents may make themselves felt across borders, and require cooperation among States,
Affirming the need to promote active international cooperation among the States concerned before, during and after an accident, to enhance appropriate policies and to reinforce and coordinate action at all appropriate levels for promoting the prevention of, preparedness for and response to the transboundary effects of industrial accidents,
Noting the importance and usefulness of bilateral and multilateral arrangements for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to the effects of industrial accidents,
Conscious of the role played in this respect by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) and recalling, inter alia, the ECE Code of Conduct on Accidental Pollution of Transboundary Inland Waters and the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context,
Having regard to the relevant provisions of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), the Concluding Document of the Vienna Meeting of Representatives of the Participating States of the CSCE, and the outcome of the Sofia Meeting on the Protection of the Environment of the CSCE, as well as to pertinent activities and mechanisms in the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), in particular the APELL programme, in the International Labour Organisation (ILO), in particular the Code of Practice on the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents, and in other relevant international organizations,
Considering the pertinent provisions of the Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, and in particular principle 21, according to which States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction,
Taking account of the polluter-pays principle as a general principle of international environmental law,
Underlining the principles of international law and custom, in particular the principles of good-neighbourliness, reciprocity, non-discrimination and good faith,
Have agreed as follows:
Article 1
DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Convention,
(a) “Industrial accident“ means an event resulting from an uncontrolled development in the course of any activity involving hazardous substances either:
(i) In an installation, for example during manufacture, use, storage, handling, or disposal; or
(ii) During transportation in so far as it is covered by paragraph 2(d) of Article 2;
(b) “Hazardous activity“ means any activity in which one or more hazardous substances are present or may be present in quantities at or in excess of the threshold quantities listed in Annex I hereto, and which is capable of causing transboundary effects;
(c) “Effects“ means any direct or indirect, immediate or delayed adverse consequences caused by an industrial accident on, inter alia:
(i) Human beings, flora and fauna;
(ii) Soil, water, air and landscape;
(iii) The interaction between the factors in (i) and (ii);
(iv) Material assets and cultural heritage, including historical monuments;
(d) “Transboundary effects“ means serious effects within the jurisdiction of a Party as a result of an industrial accident occurring within the jurisdiction of another Party;
(e) “Operator“ means any natural or legal person, including public authorities, in charge of an activity, e.g. supervising, planning to carry out or carrying out an activity;
(f) “Party“ means, unless the text otherwise indicates, a Contracting Party to this Convention;
(g) “Party of origin“ means any Party or Parties under whose jurisdiction an industrial accident occurs or is capable of occurring;
(h) “Affected Party“ means any Party or Parties affected or capable of being affected by transboundary effects of an industrial accident;
(i) “Parties concerned“ means any Party of origin and any affected Party;
(j) “The public“ means one or more natural or legal persons.
Article 2
SCOPE
1. This Convention shall apply to the prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents capable of causing transboundary effects, including the effects of such accidents caused by natural disasters, and to international cooperation concerning mutual assistance, research and development, exchange of information and exchange of technology in the area of prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents.
2. This Convention shall not apply to:
(a) Nuclear accidents or radiological emergencies;
(b) Accidents at military installations;
(c) Dam failures, with the exception of the effects of industrial accidents caused by such failures;
(d) Land-based transport accidents with the exception of:
(i) Emergency response to such accidents;
(ii) Transportation on the site of the hazardous activity;
(e) Accidental release of genetically modified organisms;
(f) Accidents caused by activities in the marine environment, including seabed exploration or exploitation;
(g) Spills of oil or other harmful substances at sea.
Article 3
GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. The Parties shall, taking into account efforts already made at national and international levels, take appropriate measures and cooperate within the framework of this Convention, to protect human beings and the environment against industrial accidents by preventing such accidents as far as possible, by reducing their frequency and severity and by mitigating their effects. To this end, preventive, preparedness and response measures, including restoration measures, shall be applied.
2. The Parties shall, by means of exchange of information, consultation and other cooperative measures and without undue delay, develop and implement policies and strategies for reducing the risks of industrial accidents and improving preventive, preparedness and response measures, including restoration measures, taking into account, in order to avoid unnecessary duplication, efforts already made at national and international levels.
3. The Parties shall ensure that the operator is obliged to take all measures necessary for the safe performance of the hazardous activity and for the prevention of industrial accidents.
4. To implement the provisions of this Convention, the Parties shall take appropriate legislative, regulatory, administrative and financial measures for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents.
5. The provisions of this Convention shall not prejudice any obligations of the Parties under international law with regard to industrial accidents and hazardous activities.
Article 4
IDENTIFICATION, CONSULTATION AND ADVICE
1. For the purpose of undertaking preventive measures and setting up preparedness measures, the Party of origin shall take measures, as appropriate, to identify hazardous activities within its jurisdiction and to ensure that affected Parties are notified of any such proposed or existing activity.
2. Parties concerned shall, at the initiative of any such Party, enter into discussions on the identification of those hazardous activities that are, reasonably, capable of causing transboundary effects. If the Parties concerned do not agree on whether an activity is such a hazardous activity, any such Party may, unless the Parties concerned agree on another method of resolving the question, submit that question to an inquiry commission in accordance with the provisions of Annex II hereto for advice,
3. The Parties shall, with respect to proposed or existing hazardous activities, apply the procedures set out in Annex III hereto.
4. When a hazardous activity is subject to an environmental impact assessment in accordance with the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context and that assessment includes an evaluation of the transboundary effects of industrial accidents from the hazardous activity which is performed in conformity with the terms of this Convention, the final decision taken for the purposes of the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context shall fulfil the relevant requirements of this Convention.
Article 5
VOLUNTARY EXTENSION
Parties concerned should, at the initiative of any of them, enter into discussions on whether to treat an activity not covered by Annex I as a hazardous activity. Upon mutual agreement, they may use an advisory mechanism of their choice, or an inquiry commission in accordance with Annex‘II, to advise them. Where the Parties concerned so agree, this Convention, or any part thereof, shall apply to the activity in question as if it were a hazardous activity.
Article 6
PREVENTION
1. The Parties shall take appropriate measures for the prevention of industrial accidents, including measures to induce action by operators to reduce the risk of industrial accidents. Such measures may include, but are not limited to those referred to in Annex IV hereto.
2. With regard to any hazardous activity, the Party of origin shall require the operator to demonstrate the safe performance of the hazardous activity by the provision of information such as basic details of the process, including but not limited to, analysis and evaluation as detailed in Annex V hereto.
Article 7
DECISION-MAKING ON SITING
Within the framework of its legal system, the Party of origin shall, with the objective of minimizing the risk to the population and the environment of all affected Parties, seek the establishment of policies on the siting of new hazardous activities and on significant modifications to existing hazardous activities. Within the framework of their legal systems, the affected Parties shall seek the establishment of policies on significant developments in areas which could be affected by transboundary effects of an industrial accident arising out of a hazardous activity so as to minimize the risks involved. In elaborating and establishing these policies, the Parties should consider the matters set out in Annex V, paragraph 2, subparagraphs (1) to (8), and Annex VI hereto.
Article 8
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
1. The Parties shall take appropriate measures to establish and maintain adequate emergency preparedness to respond to industrial accidents. The Parties shall ensure that preparedness measures are taken to mitigate transboundary effects of such accidents, on-site duties being undertaken by operators. These measures may include, but are not limited to those referred to in Annex VII hereto. In particular, the Parties concerned shall inform each other of their contingency plans.
2. The Party of origin shall ensure for hazardous activities the preparation and implementation of on-site contingency plans, including suitable measures for response and other measures to prevent and minimize transboundary effects. The Party of origin shall provide to the other Parties concerned the elements it has for the elaboration of contingency plans.
3. Each Party shall ensure for hazardous activities the preparation and implementation of off-site contingency plans covering measures to be taken within its territory to prevent and minimize transboundary effects. In preparing these plans, account shall be taken of the conclusions of analysis and evaluation, in particular the matters set out in Annex V, paragraph 2, subparagraphs (1) to (5). Parties concerned shall endeavour to make such plans compatible. Where appropriate, joint off-site contingency plans shall be drawn up in order to facilitate the adoption of adequate response measures.
4. Contingency plans should be reviewed regularly, or when circumstances so require, taking into account the experience gained in dealing with actual emergencies.
Article 9
INFORMATION TO, AND PARTICIPATION OF THE PUBLIC
1. The Parties shall ensure that adequate information is given to the public in the areas capable of being affected by an industrial accident arising out of a hazardous activity. This information shall be transmitted through such channels as the Parties deem appropriate, shall include the elements contained in Annex VIII hereto and should take into account matters set out in Annex V, paragraph 2, subparagraphs (1) to (4) and (9).
2. The Party of origin shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention and whenever possible and appropriate, give the public in the areas capable of being affected an opportunity to participate in relevant procedures with the aim of making known its views and concerns on prevention and preparedness measures, and shall ensure that the opportunity given to the public of the affected Party is equivalent to that given to the public of the Party of origin.
3. The Parties shall, in accordance with their legal systems and, if desired, on a reciprocal basis provide natural or legal persons who are being or are capable of being adversely affected by the transboundary effects of an industrial accident in the territory of a Party, with access to, and treatment in the relevant administrative and judicial proceedings, including the possibilities of starting a legal action and appealing a decision affecting their rights, equivalent to those available to persons within their own jurisdiction.
Article 10
INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT NOTIFICATION SYSTEMS
1. The Parties shall, with the aim of obtaining and transmitting industrial accident notifications containing information needed to counteract transboundary effects, provide for the establishment and operation of compatible and efficient industrial accident notification systems at appropriate levels.
2. In the event of an industrial accident, or imminent threat thereof, which causes or is capable of causing transboundary effects, the Party of origin shall ensure that affected Parties are, without delay, notified at appropriate levels through the industrial accident notification systems. Such notification shall include the elements contained in Annex IX hereto.
3. The Parties concerned shall ensure that, in the event of an industrial accident or imminent threat thereof, the contingency plans prepared in accordance with Article 8 are activated as soon as possible and to the extent appropriate to the circumstances.
Article 11
RESPONSE
1. The Parties shall ensure that, in the event of an industrial accident, or imminent threat thereof, adequate response measures are taken, as soon as possible and using the most efficient practices, to contain and minimize effects.
2. In the event of an industrial accident, or imminent threat thereof, which causes or is capable of causing transboundary effects, the Parties concerned shall ensure that the effects are assessed - where appropriate, jointly for the purpose of taking adequate response measures. The Parties concerned shall endeavour to coordinate their response measures.
Article 12
MUTUAL ASSISTANCE
1. If a Party needs assistance in the event of an industrial accident, it may ask for assistance from other Parties, indicating the scope and type of assistance required. A Party to whom a request for assistance is directed shall promptly decide and inform the requesting Party whether it is in a position to render the assistance required and indicate the scope and terms of the assistance that might be rendered.
2. The Parties concerned shall cooperate to facilitate the prompt provision of assistance agreed to under paragraph 1 of this Article, including, where appropriate, action to minimize the consequences and effects of the industrial accident, and to provide general assistance. Where Parties do not have bilateral or multilateral agreements which cover their arrangements for providing mutual assistance, the assistance shall be rendered in accordance with Annex X hereto, unless the Parties agree otherwise.
Article 13
RESPONSIBILITY AND LIABILITY
The Parties shall support appropriate international efforts to elaborate rules, criteria and procedures in the field of responsibility and liability.
Article 14
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Parties shall, as appropriate, initiate and cooperate in the conduct of research into, and in the development of methods and technologies for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents. For these purposes, the Parties shall encourage and actively promote scientific and technological cooperation, including research into less hazardous processes aimed at limiting accident hazards and preventing and limiting the consequences of industrial accidents.
Article 15
EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION
The Parties shall, at the multilateral or bilateral level, exchange reasonably obtainable information, including the elements contained in Annex‘XI hereto.
Article 16
EXCHANGE OF TECHNOLOGY
1. The Parties shall, consistent with their laws, regulations and practices, facilitate the exchange of technology for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to the effects of industrial accidents, particularly through the promotion of:
(a) Exchange of available technology on various financial bases;
(b) Direct industrial contacts and cooperation;
(c) Exchange of information and experience;
(d) Provision of technical assistance.
2. In promoting the activities specified in paragraph 1, subpararagraphs (a) to (d) of this Article, the Parties shall create favourable conditions by facilitating contacts and cooperation among appropriate organizations and individuals in both the private and the public sectors that are capable of providing technology, design and engineering services, equipment or finance.
Article 17
COMPETENT AUTHORITIES AND POINTS OF CONTACT
1. Each Party shall designate or establish one or more competent authorities for the purposes of this Convention.
2. Without prejudice to other arrangements at the bilateral or multilateral level, each Party shall designate or establish one point of contact for the purpose of industrial accident notifications pursuant to Article 10, and one point of contact for the purpose of mutual assistance pursuant to Article 12. These points of contact should preferably be the same.
3. Each Party shall, within three months of the date of entry into force of this Convention for that Party, inform the other Parties, through the secretariat referred to in Article 20, which body or bodies it has designated as its point(s) of contact and as its competent authority or authorities.
4. Each Party shall, within one month of the date of decision, inform the other Parties, through the secretariat, of any changes regarding the designation(s) it has made under paragraph 3 of this Article.
5. Each Party shall keep its point of contact and industrial accident notification systems pursuant to Article 10 operational at all times.
6. Each Party shall keep its point of contact and the authorities responsible for making and receiving requests for, and accepting offers of assistance pursuant to Article 12 operational at all times.
Article 18
CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES
1. The representatives of the Parties shall constitute the Conference of the Parties of this Convention and hold their meetings on a regular basis. The first meeting of the Conference of the Parties shall be convened not later than one year after the date of the entry into force of this Convention. Thereafter, a meeting of the Conference of the Parties shall be held at least once a year or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to them by the secretariat, it is supported by at least one third of the Parties.
2. The Conference of the Parties shall:
(a) Review the implementation of this Convention;
(b) Carry out advisory functions aimed at strengthening the ability of Parties to prevent, prepare for and respond to the transboundary effects of industrial accidents, and at facilitating the provision of technical assistance and advice at the request of Parties faced with industrial accidents;
(c) Establish, as appropriate, working groups and other appropriate mechanisms to consider matters related to the implementation and development of this Convention and, to this end, to prepare appropriate studies and other documentation and submit recommendations for consideration by the Conference of the Parties;
(d) Fulfil such other functions as may be appropriate under the provisions of this Convention;
(e) At its first meeting, consider and, by consensus, adopt rules of procedure for its meetings.
3. The Conference of the Parties, in discharging its functions, shall, when it deems appropriate, also cooperate with other relevant international organizations.
4. The Conference of the Parties shall, at its first meeting, establish a programme of work, in particular with regard to the items contained in Annex‘XII hereto. The Conference of the Parties shall also decide on the method of work, including the use of national centres and cooperation with relevant international organizations and the establishment of a system with a view to facilitating the implementation of this Convention, in particular for mutual assistance in the event of an industrial accident, and building upon pertinent existing activities within relevant international organizations. As part of the programme of work, the Conference of the Parties shall review existing national, regional and international centres, and other bodies and programmes aimed at coordinating information and efforts in the prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents, with a view to determining what additional international institutions or centres may be needed to carry out the tasks listed in Annex XII.
5. The Conference of the Parties shall, at its first meeting, commence consideration of procedures to create more favourable conditions for the exchange of technology for the prevention of, preparedness for and response to the effects of industrial accidents.
6. The Conference of the Parties shall adopt guidelines and criteria to facilitate the identification of hazardous activities for the purposes of this Convention.
Article 19
RIGHT TO VOTE
1. Except as provided for in paragraph 2 of this Article, each Party to this Convention shall have one vote.
2. Regional economic integration organizations as defined in Article 27 shall, in matters within their competence, exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States which are Parties to this Convention. Such organizations shall not exercise their right to vote if their member States exercise theirs, and vice versa.
Article 20
SECRETARIAT
The Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe shall carry out the following secretariat functions:
(a) Convene and prepare meetings of the Parties;
(b) Transmit to the Parties reports and other information received in accordance with the provisions of this Convention;
(c) Such other functions as may be determined by the Parties.
Article 21
SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
1. If a dispute arises between two or more Parties about the interpretation or application of this Convention, they shall seek a solution by negotiation or by any other method of dispute settlement acceptable to the parties to the dispute.
2. When signing, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention, or at any time thereafter, a Party may declare in writing to the Depositary that, for a dispute not resolved in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article, it accepts one or both of the following means of dispute settlement as compulsory in relation to any Party accepting the same obligation:
(a) Submission of the dispute to the International Court of Justice;
(b) Arbitration in accordance with the procedure set out in Annex XIII hereto.
3. If the parties to the dispute have accepted both means of dispute settlement referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article, the dispute may be submitted only to the International Court of Justice, unless the parties to the dispute agree otherwise.
Article 22
LIMITATIONS ON THE SUPPLY OF INFORMATION
1. The provisions of this Convention shall not affect the rights or the obligations of Parties in accordance with their national laws, regulations, administrative provisions or accepted legal practices and applicable international regulations to protect information related to personal data, industrial and commercial secrecy, including intellectual property, or national security.
2. If a Party nevertheless decides to supply such protected information to another Party, the Party receiving such protected information shall respect the confidentiality of the information received and the conditions under which it is supplied, and shall only use that information for the purposes for which it was supplied.
Article 23
IMPLEMENTATION
The Parties shall report periodically on the implementation of this Convention.
Article 24
BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS
1. The Parties may, in order to implement their obligations under this Convention, continue existing or enter into new bilateral or multilateral agreements or other arrangements.
2. The provisions of this Convention shall not affect the right of Parties to take, by bilateral or multilateral agreement where appropriate, more stringent measures than those required by this Convention.
Article 25
STATUS OF ANNEXES
The Annexes to this Convention form an integral part of the Convention.
Article 26
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONVENTION
1. Any Party may propose amendments to this Convention.
2. The text of any proposed amendment to this Convention shall be submitted in writing to the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe, who shall circulate it to all Parties. The Conference of the Parties shall discuss proposed amendments at its next annual meeting, provided that such proposals have been circulated to the Parties by the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe at least ninety days in advance.
3. For amendments to this Convention - other than those to Annex I, for which the procedure is described in paragraph 4 of this Article:
(a) Amendments shall be adopted by consensus of the Parties present at the meeting and shall be submitted by the Depositary to all Parties for ratification, acceptance or approval;
(b) Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval of amendments shall be deposited with the Depositary. Amendments adopted in accordance with this Article shall enter into force for Parties that have accepted them on the ninetieth day following the day of receipt by the Depositary of the sixteenth instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval;
(c) Thereafter, amendments shall enter into force for any other Party on the ninetieth day after that Party deposits its instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval of the amendments.
4. For amendments to Annex I:
(a) The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted and no agreement reached, the amendments shall, as a last resort, be adopted by a nine-tenths majority vote of the Parties present and voting at the meeting. If adopted by the Conference of the Parties, the amendments shall be communicated to the Parties and recommended for approval;
(b) On the expiry of twelve months from the date of their communication by the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe, the amendments to Annex I shall become effective for those Parties to this Convention which have not submitted a notification in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 4(c) of this Article, provided that at least sixteen Parties have not submitted such a notification;
(c) Any Party that is unable to approve an amendment to Annex I of this Convention shall so notify the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe in writing within twelve months from the date of the communication of the adoption. The Executive Secretary shall without delay notify all Parties of any such notification received. A Party may at any time substitute an acceptance for its previous notification and the amendment to Annex I shall thereupon enter into force for that Party.
(d) For the purpose of this paragraph “Parties present and voting“ means Parties present and casting an affirmative or negative vote.
Article 27
SIGNATURE
This Convention shall be open for signature at Helsinki from 17 to 18‘March 1992 inclusive, and thereafter at United Nations Headquarters in New York until 18 September 1992, by States members of the Economic Commission for Europe, as well as States having consultative status with the Economic Commission for Europe pursuant to paragraph 8 of Economic and Social Council resolution 36 (IV) of 28 March 1947, and by regional economic integration organizations constituted by sovereign States members of the Economic Commission for Europe to which their member States have transferred competence in respect of matters governed by this Convention, including the competence to enter into treaties in respect of these matters.
Article 28
DEPOSITARY
The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall act as the Depositary of this Convention.
Article 29
RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL AND ACCESSION
1. This Convention shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by the signatory States and regional economic integration organizations referred to in Article 27.
2. This Convention shall be open for accession by the States and organizations referred to in Article 27.
3. Any organization referred to in Article 27 which becomes Party to this Convention without any of its member States being a Party shall be bound by all the obligations under this Convention. In the case of such organizations, one or more of whose member States is a Party to this Convention, the organization and its member States shall decide on their respective responsibilities for the performance of their obligations under this Convention. In such cases, the organization and the member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under this Convention concurrently.
4. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the regional economic integration organizations referred to in Article 27 shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary of any substantial modification to the extent of their competence.
Article 30
ENTRY INTO FORCE
1. This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the sixteenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
2. For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, any instrument deposited by an organization referred to in Article 27 shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by States members of such an organization.
3. For each State or organization referred to in Article 27 which ratifies, accepts or approves this Convention or accedes thereto after the deposit of the sixteenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit by such State or organization of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
Article 31
WITHDRAWAL
1. At any time after three years from the date on which this Convention has come into force with respect to a Party, that Party may withdraw from this Convention by giving written notification to the Depositary. Any such withdrawal shall take effect on the ninetieth day after the date of the receipt of the notification by the Depositary.
2. Any such withdrawal shall not affect the application of Article 4 to an activity in respect of which a notification has been made pursuant to Article‘4, paragraph 1, or a request for discussions has been made pursuant to Article 4, paragraph 2.
Article 32
AUTHENTIC TEXTS
The original of this Convention, of which the English, French and Russian texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Convention.
DONE at Helsinki, this seventeenth day of March one thousand nine hundred and ninety-two.
ANNEX I
Hazardous substances for the purposes of defining hazardous activities
The quantities set out below relate to each activity or group of activities. Where a range of quantities is given in Part I, the threshold quantities are the maximum quantities given in each range. Five years after the entry into force of this Convention, the lowest quantity given in each range shall become the threshold quantity, unless amended.
Where a substance or preparation named in Part II also falls within a category in Part I, the threshold quantity set out in Part II shall be used.
For the identification of hazardous activities, Parties shall take into consideration the foreseeable possibility of aggravation of the hazards involved and the quantities of the hazardous substances and their proximity, whether under the charge of one or more operators.
PART I. Categories of substances and preparations not specifically named in Part II
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Category Threshold
Quantity
(Tonnes)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Flammable gases 1(a) including LPG 200
2. Highly flammable liquids 1(b) 50,000
3. Very toxic 1(c) 20
4. Toxic 1(d) 500-200
5. Oxidizing 1(e) 500-200
6. Explosive 1(f) 200-50
7. Flammable liquids 1(g) (handled under
special conditions of pressure and temperature) 200
8. Dangerous for the environment 1(h) 200
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PART II. Named substances
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Substance Threshold
Quantity
(Tonnes)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Ammonia 500
2. a) Ammonium nitrate 2 2,500
b) Ammonium nitrate in the form of fertilizers 3 10,000
3. Acrylonitrile 200
4. Chlorine 25
5. Ethylene oxide 50
6. Hydrogen cyanide 20
7. Hydrogen fluoride 50
8. Hydrogen sulphide 50
9. Sulphur dioxide 250
10. Sulphur trioxide 75
11. Lead alkyls 50
12. Phosgene 0.75
13. Methyl isocyanate 0.15
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NOTES
1. Indicative criteria. In the absence of other appropriate criteria, Parties may use the following criteria when classifying substances or preparations for the purposes of Part I of this Annex.
(a) FLAMMABLE GASES: substances which in the gaseous state at normal pressure and mixed with air become flammable and the boiling point of which at normal pressure is 20°C or below;
(b) HIGHLY FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS: substances which have a flash point lower than 21°C and the boiling point of which at normal pressure is above 20°C;
(c) VERY TOXIC: substances with properties corresponding to those in table 1 or table 2 below, and which, owing to their physical and chemical properties, are capable of creating industrial accident hazards.
TABLE 1
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LD(50)(oral)(1) LD(50)(dermal)(2) LC(50)(3)
mg/kg body weight mg/kg body weight mg/l (inhalation)
LD(50) 25 LD(50) 50 LC(50) 0.5
---------------------------------------------------------------
(1) LD50 oral in rats.
(2) LD50 dermal in rats or rabbits.
(3) LC50 by inhalation (four hours) in rats.
TABLE 2
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Discriminating dose
mg/kg body weight < 5
where the acute oral toxicity in animals of the substance has
been determined using the fixed-dose procedure.
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(d) TOXIC: substances with properties corresponding to those in table 3 or 4 and having physical and chemical properties capable of creating industrial accident hazards.
TABLE 3
---------------------------------------------------------
LD(50)(oral)(1) LD(50)(dermal)(2) LC(50)(3)
mg/kg body weight mg/kg body weight mg/l(inhalation)
25 < LD(50) 200 50 < LD(50) 400 0.5 < LC(50) 2
---------------------------------------------------------
(1) LD50 oral in rats
(2) LD50 dermal in rats or rabbits
(3) LC50 by inhalation (four hours) in rats
TABLE 4
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Discriminating dose
mg/kg body weight =5
where the acute oral toxicity in animals of the substance has
been determined using the fixed-dose procedure.
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(e) OXIDIZING: substances which give rise to highly exothermic reaction when in contact with other substances, particularly flammable substances.
(f) EXPLOSIVE: substances which may explode under the effect of flame or which are more sensitive to shocks or friction than dinitrobenzene.
(g) FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS: substances which have a flash point lower than 55°C and which remain liquid under pressure, where particular processing conditions, such as high pressure and high temperature, may create industrial accident hazards.
(h) DANGEROUS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT: substances showing the values for acute toxicity to the aquatic environment corresponding to table 5.
TABLE 5
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LC(50)(1) EC(50)(2) IC(50)(3)
mg/l mg/l mg/l
LC(50) 10 EC(50) 10 IC(50) 10
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(1) LC(50) fish (96 hours).
(2) EC(50) daphnia (48 hours).
(3) IC(50) algae (72 hours).
-----------------------------------------------
where the substance is not readily degradable,
or the log Pow > 3.0 (unless the experimentally
determined BCF < 100).
-----------------------------------------------
(i) LD lethal dose.
(j) LC lethal concentration.
(k) EC effective concentration.
(l) IC inhibiting concentration.
(m) Pow partition coefficient octanol/water.
(n) BCF bioconcentration factor.
2. This applies to ammonium nitrate and mixtures of ammonium nitrate where the nitrogen content derived from the ammonium nitrate is > 28% by weight, and to aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate where the concentration of ammonium nitrate is > 90% by weight.
3. This applies to straight ammonium nitrate fertilizers and to compound fertilizers where the nitrogen content derived from the ammonium nitrate is >‘28% by weight (a compound fertilizer contains ammonium nitrate together with phosphate and/or potash).
4. Mixtures and preparations containing such substances shall be treated in the same way as the pure substance unless they no longer exhibit equivalent properties and are not capable of producing transboundary effects.
ANNEX II
Inquiry commission procedure pursuant to articles 4 and 5
1. The requesting Party or Parties shall notify the secretariat that it or they is (are) submitting question(s) to an inquiry commission established in accordance with the provisions of this Annex. The notification shall state the subject-matter of the inquiry. The secretariat shall immediately inform all Parties to the Convention of this submission.
2. The inquiry commission shall consist of three members. Both the requesting party and the other party to the inquiry procedure shall appoint a scientific or technical expert and the two experts so appointed shall designate by common agreement a third expert, who shall be the president of the inquiry commission. The latter shall not be a national of one of the parties to the inquiry procedure, nor have his or her usual place of residence in the territory of one of these parties, nor be employed by any of them, nor have dealt with the case in any other capacity.
3. If the president of the inquiry commission has not been designated within two months of the appointment of the second expert, the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe shall, at the request of either party, designate the president within a further two-month period.
4. If one of the parties to the inquiry procedure does not appoint an expert within one month of its receipt of the notification by the secretariat, the other party may inform the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe, who shall designate the president of the inquiry commission within a further two-month period. Upon designation, the president of the inquiry commission shall request the party which has not appointed an expert to do so within one month. If it fails to do so within that period, the president shall inform the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe who shall make this appointment within a further two-month period.
5. The inquiry commission shall adopt its own rules of procedure.
6. The inquiry commission may take all appropriate measures in order to carry out its functions.
7. The parties to the inquiry procedure shall facilitate the work of the inquiry commission and in particular shall, using all means at their disposal:
(a) Provide the inquiry commission with all relevant documents, facilities and information;
(b) Enable the inquiry commission, where necessary, to call witnesses or experts and receive their evidence.
8. The parties and the experts shall protect the confidentiality of any information they receive in confidence during the work of the inquiry commission.
9. If one of the parties to the inquiry procedure does not appear before the inquiry commission or fails to present its case, the other party may request the inquiry commission to continue the proceedings and to complete its work. Absence of a party or failure of a party to present its case shall not constitute a bar to the continuation and completion of the work of the inquiry commission.
10. Unless the inquiry commission determines otherwise because of the particular circumstances of the matter, the expenses of the inquiry commission, including the remuneration of its members, shall be borne equally by the parties to the inquiry procedure. The inquiry commission shall keep a record of all its expenses and shall furnish a final statement thereof to the parties.
11. Any Party which has an interest of a factual nature in the subject-matter of the inquiry procedure and which may be affected by an opinion in the matter may intervene in the proceedings with the consent of the inquiry commission.
12. The decisions of the inquiry commission on matters of the procedure shall be taken by majority vote of its members. The final opinion of the inquiry commission shall reflect the view of the majority of its members and shall include any dissenting view.
13. The inquiry commission shall present its final opinion within two months of the date on which it was established, unless it finds it necessary to extend this time-limit for a period which should not exceed two months.
14. The final opinion of the inquiry commission shall be based on accepted scientific principles. The final opinion shall be transmitted by the inquiry commission to the parties to the inquiry procedure and to the secretariat.
ANNEX III
Procedures pursuant to article 4
1. A Party of origin may request consultations with another Party, in accordance with paragraphs 2 to 5 of this Annex, in order to determine whether that Party is an affected Party.
2. For a proposed or existing hazardous activity, the Party of origin shall, for the purposes of ensuring adequate and effective consultations, provide for the notification at appropriate levels of any Party that it considers may be an affected Party as early as possible and no later than when informing its own public about that proposed or existing activity. For existing hazardous activities such notification shall be provided no later than two years after the entry into force of this Convention for a Party of origin.
3. The notification shall contain, inter alia:
(a) Information on the hazardous activity, including any available information or report, such as information produced in accordance with Article‘6, on its possible transboundary effects in the event of an industrial accident;
(b) An indication of a reasonable time within which a response under paragraph 4 of this Annex is required, taking into account the nature of the activity;
and may include the information set out in paragraph 6 of this Annex.
4. The notified Parties shall respond to the Party of origin within the time specified in the notification, acknowledging receipt of the notification and indicating whether they intend to enter into consultation.
5. If a notified Party indicates that it does not intend to enter into consultation, or if it does not respond within the time specified in the notification, the provisions set down in the following paragraphs of this Annex shall not apply. In such circumstances, the right of a Party of origin to determine whether to carry out an assessment and analysis on the basis of its national law and practice is not prejudiced.
6. Upon receipt of a response from a notified Party indicating its desire to enter into consultation, the Party of origin shall, if it has not already done so, provide to the notified Party:
(a) Relevant information regarding the time schedule for analysis, including an indication of the time schedule for the transmittal of comments;
(b) Relevant information on the hazardous activity and its transboundary effects in the event of an industrial accident;
(c) The opportunity to participate in evaluations of the information or any report demonstrating possible transboundary effects.
7. An affected Party shall, at the request of the Party of origin, provide the latter with reasonably obtainable information relating to the area under the jurisdiction of the affected Party capable of being affected, where such information is necessary for the preparation of the assessment and analysis and measures. The information shall be furnished promptly and, as appropriate, through a joint body where one exists.
8. The Party of origin shall furnish the affected Party directly, as appropriate, or, where one exists, through a joint body with the analysis and evaluation documentation as described in Annex V, paragraphs 1 and 2.
9. The Parties concerned shall inform the public in areas reasonably capable of being affected by the hazardous activity and shall arrange for the distribution of the analysis and evaluation documentation to it and to authorities in the relevant areas. The Parties shall ensure them an opportunity for making comments on, or objections to, the hazardous activity and shall arrange for their views to be submitted to the competent authority of the Party of origin, either directly to that authority or, where appropriate, through the Party of origin, within a reasonable time.
10. The Party of origin shall, after completion of the analysis and evaluation documentation, enter without undue delay into consultations with the affected Party concerning, inter alia, the transboundary effects of the hazardous activity in the event of an industrial accident, and measures to reduce or eliminate its effects. The consultations may relate to:
(a) Possible alternatives to the hazardous activity, including the no-action alternative, and possible measures to mitigate transboundary effects at the expense of the Party of origin;
(b) Other forms of possible mutual assistance for reducing any transboundary effects:
(c) Any other appropriate matters.
The Parties concerned shall, on the commencement of such consultations, agree on a reasonable time-frame for the duration of the consultation period. Any such consultations may be conducted through an appropriate joint body, where one exists.
11. The Parties concerned shall ensure that due account is taken of the analysis and evaluation, as well as of the comments received pursuant to paragraph 9 of this Annex and of the outcome of the consultations referred to in paragraph 10 of this Annex.
12. The Party of origin shall notify the affected Parties of any decision on the activity, along with the reasons and considerations on which it was based.
13. If, after additional and relevant information concerning the transboundary effects of a hazardous activity and which was not available at the time consultations were held with respect to that activity, becomes available to a Party concerned, that Party shall immediately inform the other Party or Parties concerned. If one of the Parties concerned so requests, renewed consultations shall be held.
ANNEX IV
Preventive measures pursuant to article 6
The following measures may be carried out, depending on national laws and practices, by Parties, competent authorities, operators, or by joint efforts:
1. The setting of general or specific safety objectives;
2. The adoption of legislative provisions or guidelines concerning safety measures and safety standards;
3. The identification of those hazardous activities which require special preventive measures, which may include a licensing or authorization system;
4. The evaluation of risk analyses or of safety studies for hazardous activities and an action plan for the implementation of necessary measures;
5. The provision to the competent authorities of the information needed to assess risks;
6. The application of the most appropriate technology in order to prevent industrial accidents and protect human beings and the environment;
7. The undertaking, in order to prevent industrial accidents, of the appropriate education and training of all persons engaged in hazardous activities on-site under both normal and abnormal conditions;
8. The establishment of internal managerial structures and practices designed to implement and maintain safety regulations effectively;
9. The monitoring and auditing of hazardous activities and the carrying out of inspections.
ANNEX V
Analysis and evaluation
1. The analysis and evaluation of the hazardous activity should be performed with a scope and to a depth which vary depending on the purpose for which they are carried out.
2. The following table illustrates, for the purposes of the related Articles, matters which should be considered in the analysis and evaluation, for the purposes listed:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Purpose of analysis Matters to be considered
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Emergency planning under Article 8 (1) The quantities and properties of hazardous
substances on the site;
(2) Brief descriptive scenarios of a
representative sample of industrial accidents
possibly arising from the hazardous activity,
including an indication of the likelihood of
each;
(3) For each scenario:
(a) The approximate quantity of a release;
(b) The extent and severity of the resulting
consequences both for people and for the non-
human environment in favourable and
unfavourable conditions, including the extent
of resulting hazard zones;
(c) The time-scale within which the industrial
accident could develop from the initiating
event;
(d) Any action which could be taken to m inimize
the likelihood of escalation.
(4) The size and distribution of the p opulation
in the vicinity, including any large
concentrations of people potentially in the
hazard zone;
(5) The age, mobility and susceptibility of
that population.
Decision-making on siting under Article 7 In addition to items (1) to (5) above:
(6) The severity of the harm inflicted on people and the
environment, depending on the nature and circumstances
of the release;
(7) The distance from the location of the hazardous
activity at which harmful effects on people and the
environment may reasonably occur in the event of an
industrial accident;
(8) The same information not only for the present
situation but also for planned or reasonably foreseeable
future developments.
Information to the public under Article 9 In addition to items (1) to (4) above:
(9) The people who may be affected by an industrial
accident.
Preventive measures under Article 6 In addition to items (4) to (9) above, more detailed
versions of the descriptions and assessments set out in
items (1) to (3) will be needed for preventive measures.
In addition to those descriptions and assessments, the
following matters should also be covered:
(10) The conditions and quantities in which hazardous
materials are handled;
(11) A list of the scenarios for the types of industrial
accidents with serious effects, to include examples
covering the full range of incident size and the
possibility of effects from adjacent activities;
(12) For each scenario, a description of the events
which could initiate an industrial accident and the
steps whereby it could escalate;
(13) An assessment, at least in general terms, of the
likelihood of each step occurring, taking into account
the arrangements in (14);
(14) A description of the preventive measures in terms
of both equipment and procedures designed to minimize
the likelihood of each step occurring;
(15) An assessment of the effects that deviations from
normal operating conditions could have, and the
consequent arrangements for safe shut-down of the
hazardous activity or any part thereof in an emergency,
and of the need for staff training to ensure that
potentially serious deviations are recognized at an
early stage and appropriate action taken;
(16) An assessment of the extent to which modifications,
repair work and maintenance work on the hazardous
activity could place the control measures at risk, and
the consequent arrangements to ensure that control is
maintained.
ANNEX VI
Decision-making on siting pursuant to article 7
The following illustrates the matters which should be considered pursuant to Article‘7:
1. The results of risk analysis and evaluation, including an evaluation pursuant to Annex V of the physical characteristics of the area in which the hazardous activity is being planned;
2. The results of consultations and public participation processes;
3. An analysis of the increase or decrease of the risk caused by any development in the territory of the affected Party in relation to an existing hazardous activity in the territory of the Party of origin;
4. The evaluation of the environmental risks, including any transboundary effects;
5. An evaluation of the new hazardous activities which could be a source of risk;
6. A consideration of the siting of new, and significant modifications to existing hazardous activities at a safe distance from existing centres of population, as well as the establishment of a safety area around hazardous activities; within such areas, developments which would increase the populations at risk, or otherwise increase the severity of the risk, should be closely examined.
ANNEX VII
Emergency preparedness measures pursuant to article 8
1. All contingency plans, both on- and off-site, should be coordinated to provide a comprehensive and effective response to industrial accidents.
2. The contingency plans should include the actions necessary to localize emergencies and to prevent or minimize their transboundary effects. They should also include arrangements for warning people and, where appropriate, arrangements for their evacuation, other protective or rescue actions and health services.
3. Contingency plans should give on-site personnel, people who might be affected off site and rescue forces, details of technical and organizational procedures which are appropriate for response in the event of an industrial accident capable of having transboundary effects and to prevent and minimize effects on people and the environment, both on and off site.
4. Examples of matters which could be covered by on-site contingency plans include:
(a) Organizational roles and responsibilities on site for dealing with an emergency;
(b) A description of the action which should be taken in the event of an industrial accident, or an imminent threat thereof, in order to control the condition or event, or details of where such a description can be found;
(c) A description of the equipment and resources available;
(d) Arrangements for providing early warning of industrial accidents to the public authority responsible for the off-site emergency response, including the type of information which should be included in an initial warning and the arrangements for providing more detailed information as it becomes available;
(e) Arrangements for training personnel in the duties they will be expected to perform.
5. Examples of matters which could be covered by off-site contingency plans include:
(a) Organizational roles and responsibilities off-site for dealing with an emergency, including how integration with on-site plans is to be achieved;
(b) Methods and procedures to be followed by emergency and medical personnel;
(c) Methods for rapidly determining the affected area;
(d) Arrangements for ensuring that prompt industrial accident notification is made to affected or potentially affected Parties and that that liaison is maintained subsequently;
(e) Identification of resources necessary to implement the plan and the arrangements for coordination;
(f) Arrangements for providing information to the public including, where appropriate, the arrangements for reinforcing and repeating the information provided to the public pursuant to article 9;
(g) Arrangements for training and exercises.
6. Contingency plans could include the measures for: treatment; collection; clean-up; storage; removal and safe disposal of hazardous substances and contaminated material; and restoration.
ANNEX VIII
Information to the public pursuant to article 9
1. The name of the company, address of the hazardous activity and identification by position held of the person giving the information;
2. An explanation in simple terms of the hazardous activity, including the risks;
3. The common names or the generic names or the general danger classification of the substances and preparations which are involved in the hazardous activity, with an indication of their principal dangerous characteristics;
4. General information resulting from an environmental impact assessment, if available and relevant;
5. The general information relating to the nature of an industrial accident that could possibly occur in the hazardous activity, including its potential effects on the population and the environment;
6. Adequate information on how the affected population will be warned and kept informed in the event of an industrial accident;
7. Adequate information on the actions the affected population should take and on the behaviour they should adopt in the event of an industrial accident;
8. Adequate information on arrangements made regarding the hazardous activity, including liaison with the emergency services, to deal with industrial accidents, to reduce the severity of the industrial accidents and to mitigate their effects;
9. General information on the emergency services’ off-site contingency plan, drawn up to cope with any off-site effects, including the transboundary effects of an industrial accident;
10. General information on special requirements and conditions to which the hazardous activity is subject according to the relevant national regulations and/or administrative provisions, including licensing or authorization systems;
11. Details of where further relevant information can be obtained.
ANNEX IX
Industrial accident notification systems pursuant to article 10
1. The industrial accident notification systems shall enable the speediest possible transmission of data and forecasts according to previously determined codes using compatible data-transmission and data-treatment systems for emergency warning and response, and for measures to minimize and contain the consequences of transboundary effects, taking account of different needs at different levels.
2. The industrial accident notification shall include the following:
(a) The type and magnitude of the industrial accident, the hazardous substances involved (if known), and the severity of its possible effects;
(b) The time of occurrence and exact location of the accident;
(c) Such other available information as necessary for an efficient response to the industrial accident.
3. The industrial accident notification shall be supplemented at appropriate intervals, or whenever required, by further relevant information on the development of the situation concerning transboundary effects.
4. Regular tests and reviews of the effectiveness of the industrial accident notification systems shall be undertaken, including the regular training of the personnel involved. Where appropriate, such tests, reviews and training shall be performed jointly.
ANNEX X
Mutual assistance pursuant to article 12
1. The overall direction, control, coordination and supervision of the assistance is the responsibility of the requesting Party. The personnel involved in the assisting operation shall act in accordance with the relevant laws of the requesting Party. The appropriate authorities of the requesting Party shall cooperate with the authority designated by the assisting Party, pursuant to Article 17, as being in charge of the immediate operational supervision of the personnel and the equipment provided by the assisting Party.
2. The requesting Party shall, to the extent of its capabilities, provide local facilities and services for the proper and effective administration of the assistance, and shall ensure the protection of personnel, equipment and materials brought into its territory by, or on behalf of, the assisting Party for such a purpose.
3. Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties concerned, assistance shall be provided at the expense of the requesting Party. The assisting Party may at any time waive wholly or partly the reimbursement of costs.
4. The requesting Party shall use its best efforts to afford to the assisting Party and persons acting on its behalf the privileges, immunities or facilities necessary for the expeditious performance of their assistance functions. The requesting Party shall not be required to apply this provision to its own nationals or permanent residents or to afford them the privileges and immunities referred to above.
5. A Party shall, at the request of the requesting or assisting Party, endeavour to facilitate the transit through its territory of duly notified personnel, equipment and property involved in the assistance to and from the requesting Party.
6. The requesting Party shall facilitate the entry into, stay in and departure from its national territory of duly notified personnel and of equipment and property involved in the assistance.
7. With regard to acts resulting directly from the assistance provided, the requesting Party shall, in respect of the death of or injury to persons, damage to or loss of property, or damage to the environment caused within its territory in the course of the provision of the assistance requested, hold harmless and indemnify the assisting Party or persons acting on its behalf and compensate them for death or injury suffered by them and for loss of or damage to equipment or other property involved in the assistance. The requesting Party shall be responsible for dealing with claims brought by third parties against the assisting Party or persons acting on its behalf.
8. The Parties concerned shall cooperate closely in order to facilitate the settlement of legal proceedings and claims which could result from assistance operations.
9. Any Party may request assistance relating to the medical treatment or the temporary relocation in the territory of another Party of persons involved in an accident.
10. The affected or requesting Party may at any time, after appropriate consultations and by notification, request the termination of assistance received or provided under this Convention. Once such a request has been made, the Parties concerned shall consult one another with a view to making arrangements for the proper termination of the assistance.
ANNEX XI
Exchange of information pursuant to article 15
Information shall include the following elements, which can also be the subject of multilateral and bilateral cooperation:
(a) Legislative and administrative measures, policies, objectives and priorities for prevention, preparedness and response, scientific activities and technical measures to reduce the risk of industrial accidents from hazardous activities, including the mitigation of transboundary effects;
(b) Measures and contingency plans at the appropriate level affecting other Parties;
(c) Programmes for monitoring, planning, research and development, including their implementation and surveillance;
(d) Measures taken regarding prevention of, preparedness for and response to industrial accidents;
(e) Experience with industrial accidents and cooperation in response to industrial accidents with transboundary effects;
(f) The development and application of the best available technologies for improved environmental protection and safety;
(g) Emergency preparedness and response;
(h) Methods used for the prediction of risks, including criteria for the monitoring and assessment of transboundary effects.
ANNEX XII
Tasks for mutual assistance pursuant to article 18, paragraph 4
1. Information and data collection and dissemination
(a) Establishment and operation of an industrial accident notification system that can provide information on industrial accidents and on experts, in order to involve the experts as rapidly as possible in providing assistance;
(b) Establishment and operation of a data bank for the reception, processing and distribution of necessary information on industrial accidents, including their effects, and also on measures applied and their effectiveness;
(c) Elaboration and maintenance of a list of hazardous substances, including their relevant characteristics, and of information on how to deal with those in the event of an industrial accident;
(d) Establishment and maintenance of a register of experts to provide consultative and other kinds of assistance regarding preventive, preparedness and response measures, including restoration measures;
(e) Maintenance of a list of hazardous activities;
(f) Production and maintenance of a list of hazardous substances covered by the provisions of Annex I, Part I.
2. Research, training and methodologies
(a) Development and provision of models based on experience from industrial accidents, and scenarios for preventive, preparedness and response measures;
(b) Promotion of education and training, organization of international symposia and promotion of cooperation in research and development.
3. Technical assistance
(a) Fulfillment of advisory functions aimed at strengthening the ability to apply preventive, preparedness and response measures;
(b) Undertaking, at the request of a Party, of inspections of its hazardous activities and the provision of assistance in organizing its national inspections according to the requirements of this Convention.
4. Assistance in the case of an emergency
Provision, at the request of a Party, of assistance by, inter alia, sending experts to the site of an industrial accident to provide consultative and other kinds of assistance in response to the industrial accident.
ANNEX XIII
Arbitration
1. The claimant Party or Parties shall notify the secretariat that the Parties have agreed to submit the dispute to arbitration pursuant to Article 21, paragraph 2 of this Convention. The notification shall state the subject-matter of arbitration and include, in particular, the Articles of this Convention, the interpretation or application of which is at issue. The secretariat shall forward the information received to all Parties to this Convention.
2. The arbitral tribunal shall consist of three members. Both the claimant Party or Parties and the other Party or Parties to the dispute shall appoint an arbitrator, and the two arbitrators so appointed shall designate by common agreement the third arbitrator, who shall be the president of the arbitral tribunal. The latter shall not be a national of one of the parties to the dispute, nor have his or her usual place of residence in the territory of one of these parties, nor be employed by any of them, nor have dealt with the case in any other capacity.
3. If the president of the arbitral tribunal has not been designated within two months of the appointment of the second arbitrator, the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe shall, at the request of either party to the dispute, designate the president within a further two-month period.
4. If one of the parties to the dispute does not appoint an arbitrator within two months of the receipt of the request, the other party may so inform the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe, who shall designate the president of the arbitral tribunal within a further two-month period. Upon designation, the president of the arbitral tribunal shall request the party which has not appointed an arbitrator to do so within two months. If it fails to do so within that period, the president shall inform the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Europe, who shall make this appointment within a further two-month period.
5. The arbitral tribunal shall render its decision in accordance with international law and in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
6. Any arbitral tribunal constituted under the provisions set out herein shall draw up its own rules of procedure.
7. The decisions of the arbitral tribunal, both on procedure and on substance, shall be taken by majority vote of its members.
8. The tribunal may take all appropriate measures to establish the facts.
9. The parties to the dispute shall facilitate the work of the arbitral tribunal and, in particular shall, using all means at their disposal:
(a) Provide the tribunal with all relevant documents, facilities and information;
(b) Enable the tribunal, where necessary, to call witnesses or experts and receive their evidence.
10. The parties to the dispute and the arbitrators shall protect the confidentiality of any information they receive in confidence during the proceedings of the arbitral tribunal.
11. The arbitral tribunal may, at the request of one of the parties, recommend interim measures of protection.
12. If one of the parties to the dispute does not appear before the arbitral tribunal or fails to defend its case, the other party may request the tribunal to continue the proceedings and to render its final decision. Absence of a party or failure of a party to defend its case shall not constitute a bar to the proceedings.
13. The arbitral tribunal may hear and determine counter-claims arising directly out of the subject-matter of the dispute.
14. Unless the arbitral tribunal determines otherwise because of the particular circumstances of the case, the expenses of the tribunal, including the remuneration of its members, shall be borne equally by the parties to the dispute. The tribunal shall keep a record of all its expenses and shall furnish a final statement thereof to the parties to the dispute.
15. Any Party to this Convention which has an interest of a legal nature in the subject-matter of the dispute and which may be affected by a decision in the case, may intervene in the proceedings with the consent of the tribunal.
16. The arbitral tribunal shall render its award within five months of the date on which it is established unless it finds it necessary to extend the time-limit for a period which should not exceed five months.
17. The award of the arbitral tribunal shall be accompanied by a statement of reasons. It shall be final and binding upon all parties to the dispute. The award will be transmitted by the arbitral tribunal to the parties to the dispute and to the secretariat. The secretariat will forward the information received to all Parties to this Convention.
18. Any dispute which may arise between the parties concerning the interpretation or execution of the award may be submitted by either party to the arbitral tribunal which made the award or, if the latter cannot be seized thereof, to another tribunal constituted for this purpose in the same manner as the first.
K O N V E N C I J A
O ČEZMEJNIH UČINKIH INDUSTRIJSKIH NESREČ
UVOD
Pogodbenice te konvencije
so pozorne na poseben pomen zaščite človeka in okolja pred učinki industrijskih nesreč za sedanje in prihodnje rodove,
priznavajo pomen in nujnost preprečevanja hudih škodljivih učinkov industrijskih nesreč na človeka in okolje, izvajanja vseh ukrepov, ki spodbujajo smotrno, gospodarno in učinkovito uporabo preprečevalnih ukrepov, pripravljenosti in odzivanja, da bi omogočili okolju prijazen in trajnosten gospodarski razvoj,
upoštevajo dejstvo, da se učinki industrijskih nesreč lahko razširijo čez meje držav in zahtevajo sodelovanje med njimi,
potrjujejo potrebo po pospeševanju dejavnega mednarodnega sodelovanja med vključenimi državami pred nesrečo, med njo in po njej, da bi razširile ustrezne strategije ter okrepile in uskladile delovanje na vseh ustreznih ravneh in tako pospešile preprečevanje čezmejnih učinkov industrijskih nesreč ter pripravljenost in odzivanje nanje,
upoštevajo pomen in koristnost dvostranskih in mnogostranskih sporazumov za preprečevanje učinkov industrijskih nesreč ter pripravljenost in odzivanje nanje,
se zavedajo vloge, ki jo ima pri tem Gospodarska komisija Združenih narodov za Evropo (ECE) in se med drugim sklicujejo na njen Kodeks ravnanja pri naključnem onesnaženju čezmejnih notranjih voda in na Konvencijo o presoji čezmejnih vplivov na okolje,
upoštevajo ustrezne določbe Sklepne listine Konference o varnosti in sodelovanju v Evropi (KEVS), Sklepni dokument dunajskega srečanja predstavnikov držav udeleženk KEVS ter izida Srečanja KEVS o varstvu okolja v Sofiji kot tudi ustrezne dejavnosti in mehanizme v Programu Združenih narodov za okolje (UNEP), zlasti v programu APELL, v Mednarodni organizaciji dela (MOD), predvsem Kodeksu ravnanja za preprečevanje večjih industrijskih nesreč, in določbe drugih ustreznih mednarodnih organizacij,
glede na ustrezne določbe Deklaracije Konference Združenih narodov o človekovem okolju in še posebej glede na njeno 21. načelo, po katerem imajo države v skladu z Ustanovno listino Združenih narodov in načeli mednarodnega prava suvereno pravico izkoriščati lastne naravne vire v skladu s svojo okoljsko politiko, ter odgovornost, da zagotovijo, da dejavnosti, ki so pod njihovo jurisdikcijo ali nadzorom, ne povzročajo škode okolju drugih držav ali na območjih zunaj meja njihove državne jurisdikcije,
upoštevajo načelo onesnaževalec plača kot splošno načelo mednarodnega okoljskega prava,
poudarjajo načela mednarodnega prava in običajev, predvsem načela dobrih sosedskih odnosov, vzajemnosti, nerazlikovanja in dobre vere,
in so se zato sporazumele:
1. člen
OPREDELITEV POJMOV
V tej konvenciji:
(a) “industrijska nesreča“ pomeni dogodek, ki je posledica nenadzorovanega razvoja dogodkov med katero koli dejavnostjo, ki vključuje nevarne snovi, in sicer:
(i) na objektu, na primer med proizvodnjo, uporabo, shranjevanjem, ravnanjem ali odstranitvijo, ali
(ii) med prevozom, če je to zajeto v pododstavku (d) drugega odstavka 2. člena;
(b) “nevarna dejavnost“ pomeni katero koli dejavnost, pri kateri se uporablja ali se lahko uporablja ena ali več nevarnih snovi v količinah, ki so enake ali večje od mejnih količin, naštetih v Prilogi I k tej konvenciji, in ki lahko povzroči čezmejne učinke;
(c) “učinki“ pomenijo vse neposredne ali posredne, takojšnje ali kasnejše škodljive posledice, ki jih povzroči industrijska nesreča, med drugim:
(i) človeku, rastlinstvu in živalstvu;
(ii) tlem, vodi, zraku in pokrajini;
(iii) medsebojnim učinkom dejavnikov iz točk (i) in (ii);
(iv) materialnim dobrinam in kulturni dediščini, vključno z zgodovinskimi spomeniki;
(d) “čezmejni učinki“ pomenijo hude učinke na ozemlju pod jurisdikcijo pogodbenice, ki so posledica industrijske nesreče, ki se zgodi na ozemlju pod jurisdikcijo druge pogodbenice;
(e) “obratovalec“ pomeni katero koli fizično ali pravno osebo, vključno z javnimi službami, ki je odgovorna za nadzorovanje, načrtovanje izvajanja ali izvajanje dejavnosti;
(f) “pogodbenica“ pomeni pogodbenico te konvencije, če ni v besedilu drugače navedeno;
(g) “pogodbenica izvora“ pomeni pogodbenico ali pogodbenice, pod katerih jurisdikcijo se zgodi ali se lahko zgodi industrijska nesreča;
(h) “prizadeta pogodbenica“ pomeni katero koli pogodbenico ali pogodbenice, ki jo prizadenejo ali bi jo lahko prizadeli čezmejni učinki industrijske nesreče;
(i) “vključene pogodbenice“ pomeni katero koli pogodbenico izvora in katero koli prizadeto pogodbenico;
(j) “javnost“ pomeni eno ali več fizičnih ali pravnih oseb.
2. člen
PODROČJE UPORABE
1. Ta konvencija se uporablja za preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč, pripravljenost in odzivanje na industrijske nesreče, ki lahko povzročijo čezmejne učinke, vključno z učinki takih nesreč, ki jih povzročijo naravne katastrofe, in na mednarodno sodelovanje v zvezi z medsebojno pomočjo, razvojem in raziskavami, izmenjavo informacij in tehnologije pri preprečevanju industrijskih nesreč, pripravljenosti in odzivanju nanje.
2. Ta konvencija se ne uporablja za:
(a) jedrske nesreče ali radiološke nevarnosti;
(b) nesreče v vojaških objektih;
(c) poškodbe jezov, razen za učinke industrijskih nesreč, ki jih povzročijo take poškodbe;
(d) kopenske prometne nesreče, razen za:
(i) nujne ukrepe ob takih nesrečah;
(ii) prevoze na kraju nevarne dejavnosti;
(e) nenameren izpust gensko spremenjenih organizmov;
(f) nesreče, ki jih povzročijo dejavnosti v morskem okolju, vključno z raziskovanjem ali izkoriščanjem morskega dna;
(g) razlitja olj ali drugih škodljivih snovi na morju.
3. člen
SPLOŠNE DOLOČBE
1. Pogodbenice ob upoštevanju že doseženega na državni in mednarodni ravni sprejmejo primerne ukrepe in sodelujejo po tej konvenciji za zaščito ljudi in okolja pred industrijskimi nesrečami s preprečevanjem teh nesreč, kolikor je mogoče, z zmanjševanjem njihove pogostnosti in resnosti ter blaženjem njihovih posledic. Zato je treba uporabiti ukrepe za preprečevanje, pripravljenost in odzivanje, vključno z ukrepi za vzpostavitev prejšnjega stanja.
2. Pogodbenice z izmenjavo informacij, s posvetovanji in s sodelovanjem pri ukrepanju in brez nepotrebnega zavlačevanja razvijajo in izvajajo usmeritve in strategije za zmanjšanje tveganja industrijskih nesreč in izboljšanje ukrepov za preprečevanje, pripravljenost in odzivanje, vključno z ukrepi za vzpostavitev prejšnjega stanja, in pri tem upoštevajo že doseženo na državni in mednarodni ravni, da bi se izognile nepotrebnemu podvajanju.
3. Pogodbenice zagotovijo, da mora obratovalec sprejeti vse potrebne ukrepe za varno izvajanje nevarne dejavnosti in preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč.
4. Za izvajanje določb te konvencije pogodbenice sprejmejo ustrezne zakonodajne, ureditvene, upravne in finančne ukrepe za preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč, pripravljenost in odzivanje nanje.
5. Določbe te konvencije ne vplivajo na obveznosti pogodbenic v zvezi z industrijskimi nesrečami in nevarnimi dejavnostmi po mednarodnem pravu.
4. člen
OPREDELITEV, POSVETOVANJE IN NASVETI
1. Da bi sprejela preprečevalne ukrepe in uvedla ukrepe pripravljenosti, pogodbenica izvora po potrebi sprejme ukrepe za opredelitev nevarnih dejavnosti na območju svoje jurisdikcije in zagotovi, da so prizadete pogodbenice uradno obveščene o vseh takih predlaganih ali obstoječih dejavnostih.
2. Vključene pogodbenice na pobudo katere koli začnejo pogovore o opredelitvi teh nevarnih dejavnosti, za katere razumno pričakujejo, da bi lahko povzročile čezmejne učinke. Če se vključene pogodbenice ne sporazumejo o tem, ali je neka dejavnost nevarna ali ne, lahko katera koli predloži to vprašanje poizvedovalni komisiji in prosi za nasvet v skladu z določbami v Prilogi II, razen če se vključene pogodbenice ne dogovorijo o drugačnem načinu reševanja tega vprašanja.
3. Pogodbenice za predlagane ali obstoječe nevarne dejavnosti uporabijo postopke, določene v Prilogi III k tej konvenciji.
4. Kadar je po Konvenciji o presoji čezmejnih vplivov na okolje treba za nevarno dejavnost opraviti presojo vplivov na okolje in ta presoja vključuje ovrednotenje čezmejnih učinkov industrijskih nesreč zaradi nevarne dejavnosti, ki se opravlja v skladu z določili te konvencije, mora končna odločitev, sprejeta za namene Konvencije o presoji čezmejnih vplivov na okolje, zadostiti ustreznim zahtevam te konvencije.
5. člen
PROSTOVOLJNA RAZŠIRITEV
Vključene pogodbenice naj na pobudo katere koli začnejo pogovore o tem, ali naj dejavnost, ki ni zajeta v Prilogi I, obravnavajo kot nevarno. Po medsebojnem dogovoru lahko poiščejo nasvet po svoji izbiri ali pri poizvedovalni komisiji v skladu s Prilogo II. Kadar se vključene pogodbenice tako dogovorijo, se ta konvencija ali kateri koli njen del uporablja za tako dejavnost, kot da bi bila nevarna.
6. člen
PREPREČEVANJE
1. Pogodbenice sprejmejo primerne ukrepe za preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč, vključno z ukrepi za spodbujanje obratovalcev, da zmanjšajo tveganje industrijskih nesreč. Taki ukrepi lahko vsebujejo tudi ukrepe iz Priloge IV k tej konvenciji, vendar se ne omejujejo zgolj nanje.
2. V zvezi s katero koli nevarno dejavnostjo pogodbenica izvora zahteva od obratovalca, da dokaže varno izvajanje nevarne dejavnosti s predložitvijo informacij, kot so temeljne podrobnosti o postopku, kar med drugim vključuje tudi analizo in ovrednotenje, kot sta podrobno navedena v Prilogi V k tej konvenciji.
7. člen
DOLOČITEV KRAJA
V okviru svojega pravnega sistema skuša pogodbenica izvora sprejeti strategijo za določitev kraja novih nevarnih dejavnosti in za uvajanje večjih sprememb v obstoječe nevarne dejavnosti, da bi tako čim bolj zmanjšala tveganje za prebivalstvo in okolje vseh prizadetih pogodbenic. V okviru svojih pravnih sistemov skušajo prizadete pogodbenice sprejeti strategijo o večjih spremembah na območjih, ki bi jih lahko prizadeli čezmejni učinki industrijske nesreče zaradi nevarne dejavnosti, in tako čim bolj zmanjšati s tem povezana tveganja. Pri oblikovanju in določanju te strategije naj pogodbenice upoštevajo navedbe iz pododstavkov (1) do (8) drugega odstavka Priloge V in Priloge VI k tej konvenciji.
8. člen
PRIPRAVLJENOST NA NEVARNOST
1. Pogodbenice naj sprejmejo primerne ukrepe za vzpostavitev in vzdrževanje ustrezne pripravljenosti na nevarnost, da se lahko odzovejo na industrijske nesreče. Pogodbenice zagotovijo, da bodo sprejeti taki ukrepi pripravljenosti, ki bodo ublažili čezmejne učinke tovrstnih nesreč, obratovalci pa bodo opravljali svoje naloge na kraju samem. Ti ukrepi vključujejo med drugim tudi ukrepe, navedene v Prilogi VII k tej konvenciji. Vključene pogodbenice druga drugo obvestijo predvsem o svojih načrtih za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah.
2. Za nevarne dejavnosti pogodbenica izvora zagotovi pripravljenost in izvajanje načrtov za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah na kraju samem, vključno s primernimi ukrepi za odzivanje in drugimi ukrepi, da se preprečijo in čim bolj zmanjšajo čezmejni učinki. Pogodbenica izvora drugim vključenim pogodbenicam priskrbi izhodišča, ki jih ima za izdelavo načrtov za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah.
3. Vsaka pogodbenica za nevarne dejavnosti zagotovi pripravo in izvajanje načrtov za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah zunaj kraja nesreče z ukrepi, ki jih mora sprejeti na svojem ozemlju, da prepreči in čim bolj zmanjša čezmejne učinke. Pri pripravi teh načrtov je treba upoštevati sklepne ugotovitve analiz in ovrednotenj predvsem za pododstavke (1) do (5) drugega odstavka Priloge V. Vključene pogodbenice si prizadevajo za združljivost teh načrtov. Kadar je primerno, se izdelajo skupni načrti za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah zunaj kraja nesreče, da se lažje sprejmejo primerni ukrepi za odzivanje.
4. Načrte za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah je treba pregledovati in popravljati redno ali kadar to zahtevajo okoliščine in pri tem upoštevati izkušnje, pridobljene pri reševanju dejanskih primerov nevarnosti.
9. člen
OBVEŠČANJE IN SODELOVANJE JAVNOSTI
1. Pogodbenice morajo zagotoviti, da je javnost primerno obveščena na območjih, ki bi jih lahko prizadela industrijska nesreča kot posledica nevarne dejavnosti. Te informacije je treba sporočiti po poteh, ki se zdijo pogodbenicam primerne; vsebujejo naj podatke iz Priloge VIII k tej konvenciji ter upoštevajo analize in ocene pododstavkov (1) do (4) in (9) drugega odstavka Priloge V.
2. Pogodbenica izvora da v skladu z določbami te konvencije, kadar je to mogoče in primerno, javnosti na območjih, ki so lahko prizadeta, možnost sodelovanja v ustreznih postopkih z namenom, da ljudje povedo svoje mnenje in pomisleke o ukrepih za preprečevanje in pripravljenost in zagotovi, da je možnost sodelovanja javnosti prizadete pogodbenice enaka možnosti, ki jo ima javnost pogodbenice izvora.
3. Pogodbenice v skladu s svojimi pravnimi sistemi in na podlagi vzajemnosti, če to želijo, zagotovijo fizičnim ali pravnim osebam, ki jim škodujejo ali bi jim lahko škodovali čezmejni učinki industrijske nesreče na ozemlju posamezne pogodbenice, dostop do ustreznih upravnih in sodnih postopkov in obravnavanje v takih postopkih, kar vključuje tudi možnost, da začnejo pravni postopek in se pritožijo na odločitev, ki posega v njihove pravice, enako kot je to na voljo osebam pod njihovo jurisdikcijo.
10. člen
SISTEMI OBVEŠČANJA O INDUSTRIJSKIH NESREČAH
1. Pogodbenice, zato da bi dobile in poslale uradna obvestila o industrijskih nesrečah, ki vsebujejo tudi vse potrebne informacije za preprečevanje čezmejnih učinkov, na primernih ravneh poskrbijo za vzpostavitev in delovanje združljivih in učinkovitih sistemov obveščanja o industrijskih nesrečah.
2. Ob industrijski nesreči ali njeni neposredni nevarnosti, ki ima ali lahko ima čezmejne učinke, pogodbenica izvora zagotovi, da so prizadete pogodbenice takoj uradno obveščene na ustreznih ravneh s pomočjo sistemov obveščanja o industrijskih nesrečah. Tako uradno obvestilo naj vsebuje osnovne podatke iz Priloge IX k tej konvenciji.
3. Vključene pogodbenice zagotovijo, da se bodo ob industrijski nesreči ali ob njeni neposredni nevarnosti načrti za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah, pripravljeni v skladu z 8. členom, začeli izvajati čim prej in v obsegu, ki ustreza okoliščinam.
11. člen
ODZIVANJE
1. Pogodbenice ob industrijski nesreči ali njeni neposredni nevarnosti čim prej sprejmejo primerne ukrepe za odzivanje in uporabijo najučinkovitejše postopke, da bi obvladale in čim bolj zmanjšale njihove učinke.
2. Ob industrijski nesreči ali njeni neposredni nevarnosti, ki ima ali lahko ima čezmejne učinke, vključene pogodbenice, kadar je primerno, zagotovijo skupno presojo učinkov z namenom, da sprejmejo ustrezne ukrepe za odzivanje. Vključene pogodbenice si prizadevajo usklajevati svoje ukrepe za odzivanje.
12. člen
MEDSEBOJNA POMOČ
1. Če pogodbenica ob industrijski nesreči potrebuje pomoč, lahko zanjo zaprosi druge pogodbenice in pri tem navede obseg in vrsto pomoči. Pogodbenica, na katero je naslovljena prošnja za pomoč, se mora takoj odločiti in obvestiti prosilko, ali lahko zagotovi zaprošeno pomoč, in navesti obseg in pogoje pomoči, ki bi jo lahko zagotovila.
2. Vključene pogodbenice sodelujejo, da bi zagotovile splošno pomoč in olajšale takojšnje zagotavljanje pomoči, za katero so se dogovorile po prvem odstavku tega člena, in kadar je primerno v pomoč vključijo ukrepe za zmanjšanje posledic in učinkov industrijske nesreče. Če pogodbenice nimajo dvostranskih ali mnogostranskih sporazumov, ki vključujejo dogovore o medsebojni pomoči, je treba pomoč zagotoviti v skladu s Prilogo X k tej konvenciji, razen če se pogodbenice ne dogovorijo drugače.
13. člen
ODGOVORNOST IN OBVEZNOST
Pogodbenice podpirajo ustrezna mednarodna prizadevanja za izdelavo pravil, meril in postopkov, ki se nanašajo na odgovornost in obveznost.
14. člen
RAZVOJ IN RAZISKAVE
Pogodbenice na primeren način spodbujajo in sodelujejo pri izvedbi raziskav ter razvijanju metod in tehnologij za preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč, pripravljenost in odzivanje nanje. V ta namen pogodbenice spodbujajo in dejavno pospešujejo znanstveno in tehnično sodelovanje, vključno z raziskavami manj nevarnih postopkov za omejevanje nevarnosti nesreč, ter preprečevanje in omejevanje posledic industrijskih nesreč.
15. člen
IZMENJAVA INFORMACIJ
Pogodbenice na mnogostranski in dvostranski ravni izmenjujejo razpoložljive informacije, vključno s tistimi iz Priloge XI k tej konvenciji.
16. člen
IZMENJAVA TEHNOLOGIJE
1. Pogodbenice v skladu s svojimi zakoni, predpisi in ustaljenimi postopki omogočajo izmenjavo tehnologije za preprečevanje učinkov industrijskih nesreč ter pripravljenost in odzivanje nanje, zlasti s pospeševanjem:
(a) izmenjave razpoložljive tehnologije na različnih finančnih podlagah;
(b) neposrednih industrijskih stikov in sodelovanja;
(c) izmenjave informacij in izkušenj;
(d) zagotavljanja strokovne pomoči.
2. Pri pospeševanju dejavnosti, podrobno opredeljenih v pododstavkih (a) do (d) prvega odstavka tega člena, pogodbenice ustvarjajo ugodne razmere z omogočanjem stikov in sodelovanja med ustreznimi organizacijami in posamezniki iz zasebnega in javnega sektorja, ki lahko zagotavljajo tehnologijo, projekte in inženiring, opremo ali financiranje.
17. člen
PRISTOJNI ORGANI IN TOČKE ZA STIKE
1. Vsaka pogodbenica imenuje ali ustanovi enega ali več pristojnih organov za namene te konvencije.
2. Vsaka pogodbenica imenuje ali vzpostavi eno točko za stike za obveščanje o industrijskih nesrečah v skladu z 10. členom, in eno točko za stike za medsebojno pomoč v skladu z 12. členom, kar pa ne vpliva na druge dvostranske ali mnogostranske dogovore. Najboljše je, če sta ti dve točki za stike isti.
3. Vsaka pogodbenica v treh mesecih od dneva, ko je ta konvencija začela zanjo veljati, prek sekretariata, omenjenega v 20. členu, obvesti druge pogodbenice, katera organa je določila za svoji točki za stike in kateri organ ali organe za pristojne organe.
4. Vsaka pogodbenica v enem mesecu od dneva sprejema odločitve prek sekretariata obvesti druge pogodbenice o vseh spremembah v zvezi z določitvijo organov po tretjem odstavku tega člena.
5. Vsaka pogodbenica poskrbi, da njena točka za stike in sistemi obveščanja o industrijskih nesrečah v skladu z 10. členom delujejo v vsakem trenutku.
6. Vsaka pogodbenica poskrbi, da njena točka za stike in njeni organi, pristojni za pošiljanje in sprejemanje zaprosil in za sprejemanje ponudb za pomoč na podlagi 12. člena, delujejo v vsakem trenutku.
18. člen
KONFERENCA POGODBENIC
1. Predstavniki pogodbenic ustanovijo Konferenco pogodbenic te konvencije, ki se redno sestaja. Prvi sestanek Konference pogodbenic je treba sklicati najkasneje eno leto po začetku veljavnosti konvencije. Nato se sestaja najmanj enkrat letno ali na pisno zahtevo katere od pogodbenic pod pogojem, da zahtevo v šestih mesecih podpre najmanj ena tretjina pogodbenic, potem ko jim jo je sekretariat sporočil.
2. Konferenca pogodbenic:
(a) pregleda izvajanje te konvencije;
(b) svetuje pogodbenicam, da poveča njihovo sposobnost preprečevanja čezmejnih učinkov industrijskih nesreč ter priprave in odzivanja nanje in omogoči lažje zagotavljanje strokovne pomoči in svetovanja na zaprosilo pogodbenic, ki so jih prizadele industrijske nesreče;
(c) po potrebi ustanovi delovne skupine in vzpostavi druge ustrezne mehanizme, da proučujejo zadeve, povezane z izvajanjem in izpopolnjevanjem konvencije, in da za to pripravijo ustrezne študije in drugo dokumentacijo ter predložijo priporočila Konferenci pogodbenic v razmislek;
(d) izpolni druge naloge, ki bi morda bile primerne po določbah te konvencije;
(e) na svojem prvem sestanku prouči in soglasno sprejme poslovnik sestankov.
3. Pri izpolnjevanju svojih nalog Konferenca pogodbenic, kadar meni, da je to potrebno, sodeluje tudi z drugimi ustreznimi mednarodnimi organizacijami.
4. Konferenca pogodbenic na svojem prvem sestanku določi program dela, še posebej v zvezi z nalogami iz Priloge XII k tej konvenciji. Konferenca se odloči tudi o načinu dela, vključno s pomočjo nacionalnih centrov in sodelovanjem z ustreznimi mednarodnimi organizacijami, ter o uvedbi sistema za lažje izvajanje konvencije, še posebej za medsebojno pomoč ob industrijskih nesrečah, in pri tem izhaja iz primernih obstoječih dejavnosti v ustreznih mednarodnih organizacijah. V okviru programa dela Konferenca pogodbenic pregleda obstoječe nacionalne, regionalne in mednarodne centre ter druge organe in programe, katerih namen je usklajevanje informacij in prizadevanj pri preprečevanju industrijskih nesreč, pripravljenosti in odzivanju nanje, in sicer zato, da bi lahko določila, katere dodatne mednarodne ustanove ali centri bi bili morda potrebni za izvajanje nalog, naštetih v Prilogi XII.
5. Na svojem prvem sestanku Konferenca pogodbenic začne proučevati postopke za ustvarjanje ugodnejših razmer za izmenjavo tehnologije za preprečevanje učinkov industrijskih nesreč ter pripravljenost in odzivanje nanje.
6. Konferenca pogodbenic sprejme za potrebe te konvencije smernice in merila za lažje prepoznavanje nevarnih dejavnosti.
19. člen
PRAVICA GLASOVANJA
1. Vsaka pogodbenica te konvencije ima en glas, razen v primeru, opisanem v drugem odstavku tega člena.
2. Regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko povezovanje, opredeljene v 27. členu, uresničujejo pravico glasovanja v zadevah iz njihove pristojnosti s številom glasov, ki je enako številu njihovih držav članic, ki so pogodbenice te konvencije. Take organizacije ne smejo uresničevati svoje pravice glasovanja, če jo uresničujejo že njihove države članice, in obratno.
20. člen
SEKRETARIAT
Izvršilni tajnik Gospodarske komisije za Evropo opravlja te naloge sekretariata:
(a) sklicuje in pripravlja sestanke pogodbenic;
(b) pošilja pogodbenicam poročila in druge informacije, ki jih prejme v skladu z določbami te konvencije;
(c) opravlja druge naloge, ki jih lahko določijo pogodbenice.
21. člen
REŠEVANJE SPOROV
1. Če nastane med dvema ali več pogodbenicami spor glede razlage ali uporabe te konvencije, poiščejo rešitev s pogajanji ali drugim načinom reševanja sporov, ki je sprejemljiv za pogodbenice v sporu.
2. Ob podpisu, ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu k tej konvenciji ali kadar koli pozneje lahko pogodbenica pisno izjavi depozitarju, da za spore, ki niso rešeni v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena, sprejema enega ali oba od spodaj navedenih načinov reševanja sporov kot obveznega v odnosu do katere koli pogodbenice, ki sprejema enako obveznost:
(a) predložitev spora Mednarodnemu sodišču;
(b) arbitraža v skladu s postopkom, določenim v Prilogi XIII k tej konvenciji.
3. Če so pogodbenice v sporu sprejele oba načina reševanja sporov, navedena v drugem odstavku tega člena, se lahko spor preda samo Mednarodnemu sodišču, razen če se pogodbenice v sporu ne dogovorijo drugače.
22. člen
OMEJITVE PRI OBVEŠČANJU
1. Določbe te konvencije ne vplivajo na pravice ali obveznosti pogodbenic v skladu z njihovimi notranjimi zakoni in drugimi predpisi ali sprejeto pravno prakso in veljavnimi mednarodnimi predpisi za varstvo informacij, povezanih z osebnimi podatki, industrijsko in poslovno tajnostjo, vključno z intelektualno lastnino ali varnostjo države.
2. Če se pogodbenica kljub temu odloči, da drugi pogodbenici da tako varovano informacijo, mora pogodbenica, ki jo prejme, spoštovati zaupnost prejete informacije in pogoje, pod katerimi je bila dana, in lahko to informacijo uporablja le za namene, za katere je bila dana.
23. člen
IZVAJANJE
Pogodbenice redno poročajo o izvajanju te konvencije.
24. člen
DVOSTRANSKI IN MNOGOSTRANSKI SPORAZUMI
1. Pogodbenice lahko, da bi izpolnile svoje obveznosti po tej konvenciji, nadaljujejo z izvajanjem obstoječih dvostranskih ali mnogostranskih sporazumov ali drugih dogovorov ali pa sklenejo nove.
2. Določbe te konvencije ne vplivajo na pravico pogodbenic, da z dvostranskimi ali mnogostranskimi sporazumi, kadar je to primerno, uvedejo strožje ukrepe, kot jih zahteva ta konvencija.
25. člen
PRILOGE
Priloge k tej konvenciji so njen sestavni del.
26. člen
SPREMEMBE KONVENCIJE
1. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko predlaga spremembe te konvencije.
2. Besedilo vsake predlagane spremembe te konvencije je treba pisno predložiti izvršilnemu tajniku Gospodarske komisije za Evropo, ki ga razpošlje vsem pogodbenicam. Konferenca pogodbenic razpravlja o predlaganih spremembah na svojem naslednjem letnem sestanku, če je izvršilni tajnik Gospodarske komisije za Evropo razposlal te predloge pogodbenicam najmanj devetdeset dni prej.
3. Za spremembe te konvencije, razen tistih za Prilogo I, za katere je postopek opisan v četrtem odstavku tega člena, velja:
(a) spremembe je treba sprejeti s soglasjem pogodbenic, prisotnih na sestanku, depozitar pa jih predloži vsem pogodbenicam v ratifikacijo, sprejetje ali odobritev;
(b) listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi sprememb je treba deponirati pri depozitarju. Spremembe, sprejete v skladu s tem členom, začnejo veljati za pogodbenice, ki so jih sprejele, devetdeseti dan po tem, ko je depozitar prejel šestnajsto listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi;
(c) za vsako drugo pogodbenico pa začnejo nato spremembe veljati devetdeseti dan po tem, ko ta pogodbenica deponira svojo listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi sprememb.
4. Za spremembe k Prilogi I velja:
(a) pogodbenice storijo vse, da bi soglasno dosegle sporazum. Če so bila vsa prizadevanja za dosego soglasja izčrpana, sporazum pa ni bil dosežen, morajo biti spremembe v skrajnem primeru sprejete z devetdesetinsko večino glasov pogodbenic, ki so prisotne na sestanku in glasujejo. Če Konferenca pogodbenic sprejme spremembe, jih je treba sporočiti pogodbenicam in jih priporočiti za odobritev;
(b) po preteku dvanajstih mesecev od dneva, ko je izvršilni tajnik Gospodarske komisije za Evropo sporočil spremembe k Prilogi I, začnejo te veljati za tiste pogodbenice konvencije, ki niso predložile uradnega obvestila v skladu z določbami pododstavka (c) četrtega odstavka tega člena, če takega obvestila ni predložilo vsaj šestnajst pogodbenic;
(c) če katera od pogodbenic ne more odobriti spremembe k Prilogi I te konvencije, mora o tem pisno uradno obvestiti izvršilnega tajnika Gospodarske komisije za Evropo v dvanajstih mesecih od dneva sporočila o sprejetju. Izvršilni tajnik nemudoma uradno obvesti vse pogodbenice o prejemu takega uradnega obvestila. Pogodbenica lahko kadar koli nadomesti svoje prejšnje uradno obvestilo s sprejetjem spremembe k Prilogi I in ta začne nato veljati za to pogodbenico;
(d) v tem odstavku “pogodbenice, ki so prisotne in glasujejo“ pomeni pogodbenice, ki so prisotne in glasujejo za ali proti.
27. člen
PODPIS
Ta konvencija je na voljo za podpis v Helsinkih od 17. do vključno 18. marca 1992, nato pa na sedežu Združenih narodov v New Yorku do 18. septembra 1992 državam članicam Gospodarske komisije za Evropo kot tudi državam, ki imajo posvetovalni status pri Gospodarski komisiji za Evropo v skladu z osmim odstavkom resolucije 36 (IV) Ekonomsko-socialnega sveta z dne 28. marca 1947, in tudi regionalnim organizacijam za gospodarsko povezovanje, ki so jih ustanovile suverene države članice Gospodarske komisije za Evropo, na katere so njihove države članice prenesle pristojnosti v zvezi z zadevami, ki jih ureja ta konvencija, skupaj s pristojnostjo za sklepanje mednarodnih pogodb v zvezi s temi zadevami.
28. člen
DEPOZITAR
Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov je depozitar te konvencije.
29. člen
RATIFIKACIJA, SPREJETJE, ODOBRITEV IN PRISTOP
1. To konvencijo morajo države podpisnice in regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko povezovanje, navedene v 27. členu, ratificirati, sprejeti ali odobriti.
2. Ta konvencija je na voljo za pristop državam in organizacijam, navedenim v 27. členu.
3. Organizacije iz 27. člena, ki postanejo pogodbenice te konvencije, ne da bi katera od njihovih držav članic bila pogodbenica, so dolžne izpolnjevati vse obveznosti iz te konvencije. Organizacije, katerih ena ali več držav članic je pogodbenica te konvencije, se s svojimi državami članicami odločijo o svojih nalogah za izvajanje obveznosti iz te konvencije. V teh primerih organizacija in države članice nimajo pravice hkrati uresničevati pravic iz te konvencije.
4. V svojih listinah o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko povezovanje, navedene v 27. členu, objavijo obseg svoje pristojnosti v zvezi z vprašanji, ki jih ureja ta konvencija. Te organizacije morajo tudi obvestiti depozitarja o vsaki večji spremembi obsega njihove pristojnosti.
30. člen
ZAČETEK VELJAVNOSTI
1. Ta konvencija začne veljati devetdeseti dan po dnevu deponiranja šestnajste listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu.
2. Za namene prvega odstavka tega člena se nobena listina, ki jo deponira organizacija, navedena v 27. členu, ne šteje za dodatno k listinam, ki so jih deponirale države članice te organizacije.
3. Za vsako državo ali organizacijo, navedeno v 27. členu, ki ratificira, sprejme ali odobri to konvencijo ali k njej pristopi po deponiranju šestnajste listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu, začne ta konvencija veljati devetdeset dni po dnevu, ko je ta država ali organizacija deponirala svojo listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu.
31. člen
ODPOVED
1. To konvencijo lahko odpove katera koli pogodbenica s pisnim uradnim obvestilom depozitarju kadar koli po izteku treh let od dneva, ko je začela konvencija zanjo veljati. Odpoved začne veljati devetdeset dni po tem, ko prejme depozitar uradno obvestilo.
2. Odpoved ne vpliva na uporabo 4. člena glede dejavnosti, za katero je bilo poslano uradno obvestilo v skladu s prvim odstavkom 4. člena, ali pa so bili zahtevani pogovori v skladu z drugim odstavkom 4. člena.
32. člen
VERODOSTOJNA BESEDILA
Izvirnik te konvencije, katere besedilo v angleškem, francoskem in ruskem jeziku je enako verodostojno, se hrani pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.
V POTRDITEV TEGA so podpisani, ki so bili za to pravilno pooblaščeni, podpisali to konvencijo.
SESTAVLJENO v Helsinkih sedemnajstega marca tisoč devetsto dvaindevetdeset.
PRILOGA I
Nevarne snovi za opredelitev nevarnih dejavnosti
Spodaj navedene količine se nanašajo na vsako dejavnost ali skupino dejavnosti. Kadar je v prvem delu prikazan razpon količin, so mejne količine največje količine, navedene v vsakem razponu. Če ne pride do sprememb, postane pet let po začetku veljavnosti te konvencije najmanjša količina, navedena v vsakem razponu, mejna količina.
Kadar snov ali pripravek, naveden v II. delu, spada tudi v eno od skupin iz I. dela, je treba uporabiti mejno količino, določeno v II. delu.
Za opredelitev nevarnih dejavnosti pogodbenice upoštevajo predvidljivo možnost povečanja obstoječe nevarnosti, količino nevarnih snovi ter njihovo bližino, ne glede na to, ali je zanje odgovoren en ali več obratovalcev.
I. del: Skupine snovi in pripravkov, ki niso posebej navedeni v II. delu
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Skupine Mejna
količina
(v tonah)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Vnetljivi plini 1(a) skupaj z UNP 200
2. Lahko vnetljive tekočine 1(b) 50.000
3. Zelo strupene 1(c) 20
4. Strupene 1(d) 500-200
5. Oksidativne 1(e) 500-200
6. Eksplozivne 1(f) 200-50
7. Vnetljive tekočine 1(g) (s katerimi
se ravna pri posebnem tlaku in
temperaturi) 200
8. Okolju nevarne 1(h) 200
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. del: Navedene snovi
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Snov Mejna
količina
(v tonah)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Amoniak 500
2. a) amonijev nitrat 2 2.500
b) amonijev nitrat v obliki gnojil 3 10.000
3. akrilonitril 200
4. klor 25
5. etilen oksid 50
6. vodikov cianid 20
7. vodikov fluorid 50
8. vodikov sulfid 50
9. žveplov dioksid 250
10. žveplov trioksid 75
11. svinčevi alkili 50
12. fosgen 0,75
13. metilizocianat 0,15
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPOMBE
1. Merila za razvrščanje. Če ni drugih ustreznih meril, lahko pogodbenice pri razvrščanju snovi ali pripravkov iz I. dela te priloge uporabljajo ta merila.
(a) VNETLJIVI PLINI: snovi, ki v plinastem stanju pri normalnem tlaku in mešanju z zrakom postanejo vnetljive in katerih vrelišče pri normalnem tlaku je 20 °C ali nižje.
(b) LAHKO VNETLJIVE TEKOČINE: snovi, katerih plamenišče je nižje od 21 °C in katerih vrelišče pri normalnem tlaku je nad 20 C.
(c) ZELO STRUPENE: snovi z lastnostmi, ki ustrezajo lastnostim iz razpredelnice 1 ali 2 v nadaljevanju in ki zaradi svojih fizikalnih in kemijskih lastnosti lahko ustvarijo nevarnost industrijskih nesreč.
RAZPREDELNICA 1
----------------------------------------------------------------
LD(50) (oralno)(1) LD(50) (dermalno)(2) LC(50) (3)
Mg/kg telesne teže mg/kg telesne teže mg/l (vdihavanje)
LD(50) < / = 25 LD(50) < / = 50 LC(50) < / = 0,5
----------------------------------------------------------------
(1) LD 50 oralno pri podganah
(2) LD 50 dermalno pri podganah ali kuncih
(3) LC 50 z vdihavanjem (štiri ure) pri podganah
RAZPREDELNICA 2
--------------------------------------------------------------
Mejni odmerek
mg/kg telesne teže, < 5
pri katerem je bila akutna oralna toksičnost snovi pri živalih
določena z uporabo postopka stalnega odmerka.
--------------------------------------------------------------
(d) STRUPENE SNOVI: snovi z lastnostmi, ki ustrezajo lastnostim v razpredelnici 3 ali 4 in katerih fizikalne in kemijske lastnosti so takšne, da lahko ustvarijo nevarnost industrijskih nesreč.
RAZPREDELNICA 3
---------------------------------------------------------------------
LD(50) (oralno)(1) LD(50) (dermalno)(2) LC(50) (3)
Mg/kg telesne teže mg/kg telesne teže mg/l (vdihavanje)
25 < LD(50) < / = 200 50 < LD(50) < / = 400 0,5 < LC(50) < / = 2
---------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) LD50 oralno pri podganah
(2) LD50 dermalno pri podganah ali kuncih
(3) LC50 z vdihavanjem (štiri ure) pri podganah
RAZPREDELNICA 4
---------------------------------------------------------
Mejni odmerek
mg/kg telesne teže, = 5
pri katerem je bila akutna oralna toksičnost snovi
pri živalih določena z uporabo postopka stalnega odmerka.
---------------------------------------------------------
(e) OKSIDATIVNE: snovi, ki v stiku z drugimi, zlasti vnetljivimi snovmi, povzročijo močno eksotermno reakcijo.
(f) EKSPLOZIVNE: snovi, ki lahko eksplodirajo, če so izpostavljene ognju, ali tiste, ki so bolj občutljive na udarce ali trenje kot dinitrobenzen.
(g) VNETLJIVE TEKOČINE: snovi, katerih plamenišče je nižje od 55 °C in ki pod tlakom ostanejo tekoče in pri katerih lahko posebni pogoji predelave, kot sta visok tlak in visoka temperatura, ustvarijo nevarnost industrijskih nesreč.
(h) OKOLJU NEVARNE: snovi, katerih vrednosti akutne toksičnosti za vodno okolje ustrezajo vrednostim v razpredelnici 5.
RAZPREDELNICA 5
------------------------------------------------------
LC(50) (1) EC(50) (2) IC(50) (3)
mg/l mg/l mg/l
LC(50) < / = 10 EC(50) < / = 10 IC(50) < / = 10
------------------------------------------------------
(1) LC(50) pri ribah (96 ur)
(2) EC(50) pri povodni bolhi (48 ur)
(3) IC(50) pri algah (72 ur)
------------------------------------------------------
kadar snov ni hitro razgradljiva, ali je log Pow > 3,0
(razen če ni poskusno določen BCF < 100).
------------------------------------------------------
(i) LD smrtni odmerek
(j) LC smrtna koncentracija
(k) EC učinkovita koncentracija
(l) IC inhibicijska koncentracija
(m) Pow porazdelitveni koeficient oktanol/voda
(n) BCF faktor biokoncentracije
2. To velja za amonijev nitrat in zmesi z amonijevim nitratom, pri katerih je vsebnost iz njega pridobljenega dušika > 28 utežnih %, ter za vodne raztopine amonijevega nitrata, pri katerih je koncentracija amonijevega nitrata > 90 utežnih %.
3. To velja za gnojila, katerih osnova je čisti amonijev nitrat, in za sestavljena gnojila, pri katerih je vsebnost iz njega pridobljenega dušika > 28 utežnih % (sestavljeno gnojilo vsebuje amonijev nitrat skupaj s fosfatom in/ali pepeliko).
4. Zmesi in pripravke, ki vsebujejo take snovi, je treba obravnavati enako kot čiste snovi, razen če nimajo več enakovrednih lastnosti in ne morejo več imeti čezmejnih učinkov.
PRILOGA II
Postopek poizvedovalne komisije na podlagi 4. in 5. člena
1. Pogodbenica ali pogodbenice prosilke uradno obvestijo sekretariat, da so predložile vprašanje ali vprašanja poizvedovalni komisiji, ustanovljeni v skladu z določbami te priloge. V uradnem obvestilu mora biti navedena vsebina poizvedbe. Sekretariat takoj obvesti vse pogodbenice konvencije o predložitvi vprašanja.
2. Poizvedovalno komisijo sestavljajo trije člani. Stranka prosilka in druga stranka v poizvedovalnem postopku imenujeta znanstvenega ali strokovnega izvedenca in tako imenovana izvedenca sporazumno določita tretjega izvedenca, ki bo predsednik poizvedovalne komisije. Ta ne sme biti državljan ene od strank v poizvedovalnem postopku, niti ne sme imeti stalnega prebivališča na ozemlju ene od strank, niti ne sme biti pri nobeni od njiju zaposlen, pa tudi s tem primerom se ni smel nikoli prej ukvarjati.
3. Če predsednik poizvedovalne komisije ni bil določen v dveh mesecih po imenovanju drugega izvedenca, določi izvršilni tajnik Gospodarske komisije za Evropo na zahtevo ene ali druge stranke predsednika v naslednjih dveh mesecih.
4. Če katera izmed strank v poizvedovalnem postopku ne imenuje svojega izvedenca v enem mesecu od prejema uradnega obvestila od sekretariata, lahko druga stranka o tem obvesti izvršilnega tajnika Gospodarske komisije za Evropo, ki v naslednjih dveh mesecih določi predsednika poizvedovalne komisije. Ko je predsednik poizvedovalne komisije določen, zahteva od stranke, ki ni imenovala izvedenca, da to stori v enem mesecu. Če v tem roku tega ne stori, predsednik obvesti izvršilnega tajnika Gospodarske komisije za Evropo, ki opravi imenovanje v naslednjih dveh mesecih.
5. Poizvedovalna komisija sprejme svoj poslovnik.
6. Poizvedovalna komisija lahko sprejme vse potrebne ukrepe za opravljanje svojih nalog.
7. Stranke v poizvedovalnem postopku olajšajo delo poizvedovalni komisiji in ji z vsemi razpoložljivimi sredstvi zlasti:
(a) priskrbijo vso s tem povezano dokumentacijo, sredstva za delo in informacije;
(b) omogočijo, kadar je potrebno, da vabijo priče in izvedence in dobijo njihovo dokazno gradivo.
8. Stranke in izvedenci morajo varovati tajnost vseh informacij, ki jih prejmejo kot zaupne med delom poizvedovalne komisije.
9. Če ena od strank v poizvedovalnem postopku ne pride pred poizvedovalno komisijo ali ne predstavi svojega primera, lahko druga stranka zahteva, da poizvedovalna komisija nadaljuje postopek in konča svoje delo. Odsotnost stranke ali če stranka ne predstavi svojega primera, ni ovira za nadaljevanje in dokončanje dela poizvedovalne komisije.
10. Če se poizvedovalna komisija zaradi posebnih okoliščin zadeve ne odloči drugače, stroške poizvedovalne komisije, vključno z denarnim nadomestilom njenim članom, krijejo stranke v enakih delih. Poizvedovalna komisija vodi evidenco vseh svojih stroškov in strankam predloži končno poročilo o stroških.
11. Vsaka stranka, ki ima dejanski interes v zadevi poizvedovalnega postopka in jo lahko določeno mnenje o zadevi prizadene, lahko s soglasjem poizvedovalne komisije sodeluje v postopku.
12. Odločitve poizvedovalne komisije o zadevah v postopku se sprejmejo z večino glasov njenih članov. Končno mnenje poizvedovalne komisije izraža stališče večine njenih članov in vključuje tudi vsako drugačno stališče.
13. Poizvedovalna komisija objavi končno mnenje v dveh mesecev od dneva, ko je bilo sprejeto, razen če meni, da je treba ta rok podaljšati za obdobje, ki ne sme biti daljše od dveh mesecev.
14. Končno mnenje poizvedovalne komisije temelji na sprejetih znanstvenih načelih. Poizvedovalna komisija pošlje končno mnenje strankam v poizvedovalnem postopku in sekretariatu.
PRILOGA III
Postopki na podlagi 4. člena
1. Pogodbenica izvora lahko zahteva posvetovanje z drugo pogodbenico v skladu z drugim do petim odstavkom te priloge, da bi ugotovila, ali je ta prizadeta pogodbenica.
2. Za predlagano ali obstoječo nevarno dejavnost mora pogodbenica izvora, da bi zagotovila ustrezna in učinkovita posvetovanja, poskrbeti za uradno obvestilo na ustreznih ravneh vsake pogodbenice, za katero meni, da bi utegnila biti prizadeta pogodbenica, in to čim prej in ne kasneje, kot je o taki predlagani ali obstoječi nevarni dejavnosti obvestila svojo lastno javnost. Za obstoječe nevarne dejavnosti mora biti tako uradno obvestilo dano najkasneje v dveh letih od začetka veljavnosti te konvencije za pogodbenico izvora.
3. Uradno obvestilo med drugim vsebuje:
(a) informacije o nevarni dejavnosti skupaj z vsemi razpoložljivimi informacijami ali poročilom o možnih čezmejnih učinkih ob industrijski nesreči, kot so na primer informacije skladno s 6. členom;
(b) navedbo razumnega roka, v katerem je treba ob upoštevanju vrste dejavnosti dati odgovor v skladu s četrtim odstavkom te priloge;
in lahko vsebuje tudi informacije, navedene v šestem odstavku te priloge.
4. Uradno obveščene pogodbenice odgovorijo pogodbenici izvora v roku, določenem v uradnem obvestilu, potrdijo prejem uradnega obvestila in navedejo ali nameravajo začeti posvetovanje.
5. Če uradno obveščena pogodbenica napove, da ne namerava začeti posvetovanj ali če ne odgovori v roku, določenem v uradnem obvestilu, se ne uporabljajo določbe iz naslednjih odstavkov te priloge. V takih okoliščinah to ne vpliva na pravico pogodbenice izvora, da se odloči, ali bo izvedla presojo in analizo na podlagi svojega notranjega prava in prakse.
6. Ko pogodbenica izvora prejme odgovor od uradno obveščene pogodbenice, v katerem je izražena želja po začetku posvetovanja, mora pogodbenica izvora, če tega še ni storila, zagotoviti uradno obveščeni pogodbenici:
(a) ustrezne informacije o časovnem razporedu analiz, vključno z navedbo časovnega razporeda za sporočitev pripomb;
(b) ustrezne informacije o nevarni dejavnosti in njenih čezmejnih učinkih ob industrijski nesreči;
(c) možnost sodelovanja pri vrednotenju informacij ali katerega koli poročila, ki dokazuje možne čezmejne učinke.
7. Prizadeta pogodbenica mora na zahtevo pogodbenice izvora tej zagotoviti razumno pridobljive informacije v zvezi z območjem pod jurisdikcijo prizadete pogodbenice, ki bi lahko bilo prizadeto, kadar so take informacije potrebne za pripravo presoje, analizo in ukrepanje. Informacije je treba poslati takoj, in kadar je to primerno, po skupnem organu, če ta obstaja.
8. Pogodbenica izvora pošlje prizadeti pogodbenici neposredno, če je to primerno, ali po skupnem organu, če ta obstaja, dokumentacijo o analizi in vrednotenju, kot sta opisana v prvem in drugem odstavku Priloge V.
9. Vključene pogodbenice obvestijo javnost na območjih, ki bi jih lahko prizadela nevarna dejavnost, in poskrbijo za razdelitev dokumentacije o analizi in vrednotenju javnosti in organom na teh območjih. Pogodbenice jim zagotovijo možnost, da dajo svoje pripombe ali ugovore k nevarni dejavnosti, in poskrbijo, da bodo njihova stališča v razumnem roku predložena pristojnemu organu pogodbenice izvora neposredno, ali kadar je primerno, s posredovanjem pogodbenice izvora.
10. Ko je izdelana dokumentacija o analizi in vrednotenju, se pogodbenica izvora začne brez nepotrebnega odlašanja posvetovati s prizadeto pogodbenico med drugim o čezmejnih učinkih nevarne dejavnosti ob industrijski nesreči in z ukrepi za zmanjšanje ali odpravo njenih učinkov. Posvetovanja se lahko nanašajo na:
(a) možne druge rešitve za nevarne dejavnosti, vključno z možnostjo neizvajanja dejavnosti, in na možne ukrepe za ublažitev čezmejnih učinkov na stroške pogodbenice izvora;
(b) druge oblike možne medsebojne pomoči za zmanjšanje čezmejnih učinkov;
(c) vse druge primerne zadeve.
Vključene pogodbenice se na začetku takih posvetovanj dogovorijo o razumnem času za njihovo trajanje. Taka posvetovanja lahko potekajo prek ustreznega skupnega organa, če ta obstaja.
11. Pogodbenice zagotovijo ustrezno upoštevanje analize in vrednotenja kot tudi pripomb, prejetih na podlagi devetega odstavka te priloge in izida posvetovanj, omenjenih v desetem odstavku te priloge.
12. Pogodbenica izvora uradno obvesti prizadete pogodbenice o vseh odločitvah glede dejavnosti skupaj z razlogi in preudarki, na katerih so temeljile.
13. Če pogodbenica pride do dodatnih in pomembnih informacij o čezmejnih učinkih nevarnih dejavnosti, ki niso bile na voljo v času posvetovanj o tej dejavnosti, nemudoma obvesti drugo vključeno pogodbenico ali pogodbenice.
PRILOGA IV
Preprečevalni ukrepi na podlagi 6. člena
V skladu z notranjimi zakoni in ustaljenimi postopki lahko pogodbenice, pristojni organi, obratovalci ali tudi vsi skupaj uvedejo te ukrepe:
1. določitev splošnih ali posebnih varnostnih ciljev;
2. sprejetje zakonodajnih določb ali smernic za varnostne ukrepe in standarde;
3. opredelitev tistih nevarnih dejavnosti, ki zahtevajo posebne preprečevalne ukrepe, kar lahko vključuje sistem dovoljenj in pooblastil;
4. vrednotenje analiz tveganja ali varnostnih študij za nevarne dejavnosti ter načrt za izvajanje potrebnih ukrepov;
5. zagotovitev informacij, potrebnih za presojo tveganja, pristojnim organom;
6. uporabo najustreznejše tehnologije za preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč in varstvo ljudi in okolja;
7. primerno izobraževanje in usposabljanje za preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč za vse osebe, ki se ukvarjajo z nevarnimi dejavnostmi na kraju samem, in sicer v običajnih in neobičajnih razmerah;
8. vzpostavitev notranje poslovodne organiziranosti in ustaljenih postopkov za učinkovito izvajanje in vzdrževanje varnostnih predpisov;
9. spremljanje stanja in sprememb ter presoja nevarnih dejavnosti ter opravljanje inšpekcijskih pregledov.
PRILOGA V
Analiza in vrednotenje
1. Obseg in poglobljenost analize in vrednotenja nevarnih dejavnosti sta lahko različna glede na njun namen.
2. Razpredelnica v nadaljevanju prikazuje zadeve, ki jih je treba v zvezi z ustreznimi členi proučiti pri analizi in vrednotenju za naštete namene:
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Namen analize Zadeve, ki jih je treba proučiti
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Načrtovanje za pripravljenost
na nevarnost po 8. členu (1) količine in lastnosti nevarnih snovi na kraju
samem;
(2) kratek opis potekov reprezentativnih vzorcev
industrijskih nesreč, ki bi jih lahko povzročila
nevarna dejavnost, vključno z navedbo verjetnosti
vsakega od njih;
(3) za vsak opis poteka je treba proučiti:
(a) približno količino izpusta;
(b) obseg in resnost posledic za ljudi in okolje
v ugodnih in neugodnih razmerah, vključno z
velikostjo posledičnih nevarnih območij;
(c) časovno obdobje, v katerem bi se lahko
začetni dogodek razvil v industrijsko nesrečo;
(d) možne ukrepe za čim večje zmanjšanje
verjetnosti stopnjevanja nevarnosti;
(4) število prebivalstva in naseljenost v bližini
območja, vključno z velikimi možnimi
koncentracijami ljudi na nevarnem območju;
(5) starost, mobilnost in občutljivost tega
prebivalstva.
Določitev kraja po 7. členu Dodatno k točkam (1) do (5):
(6) resnost škode za ljudi in okolje glede na
vrsto in okoliščine izpusta;
(7) oddaljenost od kraja nevarne dejavnosti, na
katerem se lahko ob industrijski nesreči pojavijo
škodljivi učinki na ljudi in okolje;
(8) enake informacije ne le za sedanje stanje,
ampak tudi za načrtovan ali razumno predvidljiv
razvoj dogodkov v prihodnosti.
Obveščanje javnosti po 9. členu Dodatno k točkam (1) do (4):
(9) ljudje, ki jih lahko prizadene industrijska
nesreča
Preprečevalni ukrepi po 6. členu Dodatno k točkam (4) do (9) so potrebne
podrobnejše različice opisov in ocen
preprečevalnih ukrepov iz točk (1) do (3). Poleg
teh opisov in presoj je treba upoštevati še:
(9) okoliščine, v katerih se ravna z nevarnimi
snovmi, in količine teh snovi;
(10) seznam potekov različnih vrst industrijskih
nesreč s hudimi učinki, vključno s primeri, ki
pokrivajo celoten razpon obsega nesreč, in
možnimi posledicami, ki bi jih povzročile
dejavnosti v bližini;
(11) za vsak opis poteka naj bodo navedeni
dogodki, ki bi lahko povzročili industrijsko
nesrečo, in faze, v katerih bi se lahko ta
stopnjevala;
(12) vsaj splošno presojo verjetnosti pojava
vsake faze ob upoštevanju ukrepov iz 14. točke;
(13) opis preprečevalnih ukrepov z navedbo opreme
in postopkov, predvidenih za čim večje zmanjšanje
verjetnosti pojava vsake faze;
(14) presojo možnih učinkov odstopanj od
običajnih razmer delovanja in nadaljnje priprave
za varno prenehanje nevarne dejavnosti ali
katerega koli njenega dela v izjemnih razmerah
ter oceno potrebe po izobraževanju osebja za
zagotavljanje zgodnjega odkrivanja morebitnih
resnih odstopanj in ustrezno ukrepanje;
(15) presojo, koliko lahko spremembe, popravila
in vzdrževalna dela v zvezi z nevarno dejavnostjo
ogrozijo nadzorne ukrepe, in potrebno ureditev za
ohranjanje nadzora.
PRILOGA VI
Določitev kraja po 7. členu
V skladu s 7. členom je treba upoštevati:
1. izsledke analize tveganja in vrednotenj, vključno z vrednotenjem prostorskih značilnosti območja, na katerem se načrtuje nevarna dejavnost, v skladu s Prilogo V;
2. izide posvetovanj in sodelovanja javnosti;
3. analizo povečanja ali zmanjšanja tveganja, ki ga povzroči vsak razvoj dogodkov na ozemlju prizadete pogodbenice v zvezi z obstoječo nevarno dejavnostjo na ozemlju pogodbenice izvora;
4. ovrednotenje tveganj za okolje skupaj s čezmejnimi učinki;
5. ovrednotenje novih nevarnih dejavnosti, ki bi lahko bile izvor tveganja;
6. proučitev možnosti novih in pomembnih sprememb v obstoječih nevarnih dejavnostih v varni razdalji od obstoječih naselij kot tudi vzpostavitev varnostnega območja okrog nevarnih dejavnosti; v teh območjih bi morale biti dejavnosti, ki bi povečale tveganje za prebivalstvo ali kako drugače povečale stopnjo tveganja pod strogim nadzorom.
PRILOGA VII
Ukrepi za pripravljenost na nevarnost na podlagi 8. člena
1. Vsi načrti za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah na kraju samem in zunaj njega morajo biti usklajeni, da zagotovijo celovito in učinkovito odzivanje na industrijske nesreče.
2. Načrti za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah naj vključujejo vse potrebne ukrepe za omejitev nevarnosti in preprečevanje ali zmanjševanje njihovih čezmejnih učinkov na najmanjšo možno mero. Vključujejo naj tudi ukrepe za opozarjanje prebivalstva, in kadar je primerno, organizacijo evakuacije, druge zaščitne ali reševalne ukrepe in zdravstveno službo.
3. V načrtih za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah naj bodo navedeni: osebje na kraju samem, ljudje, ki bi jih nesreča lahko prizadela zunaj kraja nesreče, in reševalne enote, podrobnosti o tehničnih in organizacijskih postopkih, primernih za odzivanje na industrijske nesreče, ki bi lahko imele čezmejne učinke, ter za preprečevanje in čim večje zmanjševanje učinkov na ljudi in okolje na kraju samem in zunaj njega.
4. Primeri zadev, ki jih lahko vsebujejo načrti za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah na kraju samem:
(a) organizacijske naloge in odgovornosti v izjemnih razmerah na kraju nesreče;
(b) opis ukrepov, ki jih je treba sprejeti ob industrijski nesreči ali njeni neposredni nevarnosti z namenom nadzorovati razmere ali dogodek ali navesti podrobnosti o tem, kje se tak opis lahko najde;
(c) opis razpoložljive opreme in sredstev;
(d) ureditev zgodnjega opozarjanja javnega organa, ki je odgovoren za odzivanje na nevarnost zunaj kraja nesreče, o industrijski nesreči skupno z vrsto informacije, ki naj jo vsebuje začetno opozorilo, in zagotavljanje podrobnejših informacij, ko so te na razpolago;
(e) organizacija usposabljanja osebja za naloge, ki jih bo predvidoma opravljalo.
5. Primeri zadev, ki jih lahko vsebujejo načrti za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah zunaj kraja nesreče:
(a) organizacijske naloge in odgovornosti za ravnanje v izjemnih razmerah zunaj kraja nesreče, vključno s povezovanjem z načrti na kraju nesreče;
(b) načini in postopki, po katerih naj bi se ravnalo osebje v pripravljenosti in medicinsko osebje;
(c) postopki za hitro določanje prizadetega območja;
(d) zagotavljanje takojšnjega uradnega obveščanja pogodbenic, ki so ali bi lahko bile prizadete, o industrijski nesreči in nadaljnje vzdrževanje zveze z njimi;
(e) določitev potrebnih sredstev za uresničevanje načrta in ureditev usklajevanja;
(f) organizacija za zagotavljanje informacij javnosti, in kadar je primerno, ukrepi za še učinkovitejše in pogostejše obveščanje javnosti v skladu z 9. členom;
(g) organizacija usposabljanja in vaj.
6. Načrti za ukrepanje ob izjemnih razmerah lahko vsebujejo ukrepe za obdelavo, zbiranje, čiščenje, shranjevanje, odstranjevanje in varno odlaganje nevarnih snovi in onesnaženega materiala ter vzpostavitev prejšnjega stanja.
PRILOGA VIII
Obveščanje javnosti na podlagi 9. člena
1. Ime podjetja, naslov, kjer poteka nevarna dejavnost, in podatki o položaju osebe, ki daje informacije.
2. Preprosta razlaga nevarne dejavnosti skupaj s tveganjem.
3. Splošna ali generična imena ali splošna razvrstitev snovi in pripravkov, ki so vljučeni v nevarno dejavnost, z navedbo njihovih glavnih nevarnih lastnosti.
4. Splošna informacija, ki izhaja iz presoje vplivov na okolje, če je na voljo in ustrezna.
5. Splošna informacija o vrsti industrijske nesreče, ki bi se lahko zgodila zaradi nevarne dejavnosti, vključno z možnimi učinki na prebivalstvo in okolje.
6. Ustrezna informacija o načinu opozarjanja in obveščanja prizadetega prebivalstva ob industrijski nesreči.
7. Ustrezna informacija o tem, kako naj prizadeto prebivalstvo ukrepa in kako naj se vede ob industrijski nesreči.
8. Ustrezna informacija o organizacijskih ukrepih v zvezi z nevarno dejavnostjo, vključno s povezavo z reševalnimi službami za ukrepanje ob industrijskih nesrečah, da bi zmanjšali njihov obseg in ublažili njihove učinke.
9. Splošne informacije o načrtih za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah reševalnih služb zunaj kraja nesreče, sestavljenih tako, da zajemajo vse učinke zunaj kraja nesreče vključno s čezmejnimi učinki industrijskih nesreč.
10. Splošna informacija o posebnih zahtevah in pogojih, ki veljajo za nevarno dejavnost na podlagi ustreznih notranjih predpisov skupaj s sistemi dovoljenj ali pooblastil.
11. Podrobnosti o tem, kje je mogoče dobiti nadaljnje ustrezne informacije.
PRILOGA IX
Sistemi obveščanja o industrijskih nesrečah na podlagi 10. člena
1. Sistemi obveščanja o industrijskih nesrečah omogočajo najhitrejši možni prenos podatkov in napovedi v skladu z vnaprej določenimi pravili z uporabo združljivih sistemov za prenos in obdelavo podatkov za opozarjanje na izjemne razmere in odzivanje nanje ter za sprejem ukrepov za čim večje zmanjšanje in obvladovanje posledic čezmejnih učinkov ob upoštevanju različnih potreb na različnih ravneh.
2. Uradno obvestilo o industrijski nesreči naj vsebuje:
(a) vrsto in razsežnost industrijske nesreče, vrsto nevarnih snovi (če so znane) in resnost njihovih morebitnih učinkov;
(b) čas nastanka in natančen kraj nesreče;
(c) druge razpoložljive informacije, ki so potrebne za učinkovito odzivanje na industrijske nesreče.
3. Uradno obvestilo o industrijski nesreči je treba dopolnjevati v primernih presledkih, ali kadar koli je potrebno, z dodatnimi ustreznimi informacijami o spremembah stanja v zvezi s čezmejnimi učinki.
4. Redno je treba preskušati in preverjati učinkovitosti sistemov obveščanja o industrijskih nesrečah, vključno z rednim usposabljanjem ustreznega osebja. Če je primerno, je treba te preskuse, preglede in usposabljanje izvajati skupno.
PRILOGA X
Medsebojna pomoč na podlagi 12. člena
1. Za celotno usmerjanje, vodenje, usklajevanje in nadziranje pomoči je odgovorna pogodbenica, ki je zaprosila za pomoč. Osebje, ki sodeluje pri zagotavljanju pomoči, mora delovati v skladu z ustreznimi zakoni pogodbenice, ki je zaprosila za pomoč. Ustrezni organi pogodbenice, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, sodelujejo v skladu s 17. členom s pooblaščenim organom pogodbenice, ki daje pomoč, odgovorni pa so tudi za neposreden nadzor delovanja osebja in opreme, ki ju zagotovi pogodbenica, ki daje pomoč.
2. Pogodbenica, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, v skladu s svojimi možnostmi zagotovi svoje zmogljivosti in storitve za pravilno in učinkovito izvajanje pomoči in zaščito osebja, opreme in stvari, ki jih je v ta namen na njeno ozemlje vnesla pogodbenica, ki daje pomoč, ali so bile vnesene v njenem imenu.
3. Če se vključene pogodbenice ne dogovorijo drugače, krije stroške pomoči pogodbenica, ki je zaprosila za pomoč. Pogodbenica, ki daje pomoč, se lahko kadar koli v celoti ali delno odpove povračilu stroškov.
4. Pogodbenica, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, mora storiti vse potrebno, da bi pogodbenici, ki daje pomoč, in osebam, ki delujejo v njenem imenu, zagotovila posebne pravice, imunitete ali ugodnosti, potrebne za hitro izvajanje pomoči. Pogodbenici, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, teh določb ni treba uporabljati za njene državljane ali osebe s stalnim prebivališčem v državi in tem ji tudi ni treba zagotoviti prej omenjenih posebnih pravic in imunitet.
5. Pogodbenica si na zahtevo pogodbenice, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, ali pogodbenice, ki daje pomoč, prizadeva olajšati prehod čez svoje ozemlje za pravilno najavljeno osebje, opremo in lastnino za pomoč pogodbenici, na poti v državo prosilko in iz nje.
6. Pogodbenica, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, olajša vstop na svoje državno ozemlje, zadrževanje na njem ter odhod z njega za pravilno najavljeno osebje, opremo in lastnino, ki sodeluje pri pomoči.
7. V zvezi z dejanji, ki neposredno izhajajo iz dane pomoči, mora pogodbenica, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, ob smrti ali poškodbi oseb, škodi ali izgubi lastnine ali škodi okolju, povzročeni na njenem ozemlju med zagotavljanjem zaprošene pomoči, odvezati odgovornosti in povrniti škodo pogodbenici, ki daje pomoč, ali osebe, ki delujejo v njenem imenu, in jim plačati odškodnino za smrt ali poškodbo in za izgubo ali poškodbo opreme ali druge lastnine, vključene v pomoč. Pogodbenica, ki je zaprosila za pomoč, je odgovorna za obravnavo zahtevkov tretjih strani proti pogodbenici, ki daje pomoč, ali osebam, ki delujejo v njenem imenu.
8. Vključene pogodbenice tesno sodelujejo, da olajšajo reševanje pravnih postopkov in zahtevkov, ki bi se lahko pojavili v zvezi z zagotavljanjem pomoči.
9. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko zaprosi za pomoč v zvezi z zdravljenjem ali začasno premestitvijo na ozemlje druge pogodbenice za osebe, ki so bile vpletene v nesrečo.
10. Prizadeta pogodbenica ali pogodbenica, ki zaprosi za pomoč, lahko kadar koli po ustreznem posvetovanju in uradnem obvestilu zahteva prekinitev pomoči, ki jo je prejela ali zagotovila po tej konvenciji. Ko je taka zahteva dana, se vključene pogodbenice med seboj posvetujejo o tem, kako ustrezno prekiniti pomoč.
PRILOGA XI
Izmenjava informacij na podlagi 15. člena
Informacije naj vsebujejo podatke, ki so lahko tudi predmet mnogostranskega in dvostranskega sodelovanja, in se nanašajo na:
(a) zakonodajne in upravne ukrepe, usmeritve, cilje in prednostne naloge za preprečevanje, pripravljenost in odzivanje, znanstvene dejavnosti in tehnične ukrepe za zmanjšanje tveganja industrijskih nesreč zaradi nevarnih dejavnosti in ublažitev čezmejnih učinkov;
(b) ukrepe in načrte za ukrepanje v izjemnih razmerah na ustrezni ravni, ki prizadenejo tudi druge pogodbenice;
(c) programe za spremljanje stanja in sprememb, načrtovanje, raziskave in razvoj, vključno z njihovim izvajanjem in nadziranjem;
(d) sprejete ukrepe za preprečevanje industrijskih nesreč ter pripravljenost in odzivanje nanje;
(e) izkušnje z industrijskimi nesrečami in sodelovanje pri odzivanju na industrijske nesreče s čezmejnimi učinki;
(f) razvoj in uporabo najboljših razpoložljivih tehnologij za izpopolnjeno varstvo okolja in varnost;
(g) pripravljenost na nevarnost in odzivanje nanjo;
(h) metode, ki se uporabljajo za napovedovanje tveganj, vključno z merili za spremljanje stanja in sprememb ter presojo čezmejnih učinkov.
PRILOGA XII
Naloge za medsebojno pomoč na podlagi četrtega odstavka 18. člena
1. Zbiranje in razširjanje informacij in podatkov
(a) vzpostavitev in delovanje sistema obveščanja o industrijskih nesrečah, ki lahko zagotovi informacije o industrijskih nesrečah in strokovnjakih, da se ti čim hitreje vključijo v zagotavljanje pomoči;
(b) vzpostavitev in delovanje zbirke podatkov za sprejem, obdelavo in pošiljanje potrebnih podatkov o industrijskih nesrečah in njihovih učinkih ter o uporabljenih ukrepih in njihovi učinkovitosti;
(c) izdelava in vzdrževanje seznama nevarnih snovi, vključno z njihovimi ustreznimi lastnostmi, in informacij o tem, kako z njimi ravnati ob industrijskih nesrečah;
(d) vzpostavitev in vzdrževanje seznama strokovnjakov, ki lahko svetujejo in dajejo druge vrste pomoči v zvezi z ukrepi za preprečevanje, pripravljenost in odzivanje, vključno z ukrepi za vzpostavitev prejšnjega stanja;
(e) vzdrževanje seznama nevarnih dejavnosti;
(f) izdelava in vzdrževanje seznama nevarnih snovi, naštetih v 1. delu Priloge I.
2. Raziskave, usposabljanje in metode
(a) razvijanje in zagotavljanje vzorcev ravnanja, ki temeljijo na izkušnjah, pridobljenih ob industrijskih nesrečah, in opisi ravnanja pri ukrepih za preprečevanje, pripravljenost in odzivanje;
(b) pospeševanje izobraževanja in usposabljanja, organizacija mednarodnih simpozijev in pospeševanje sodelovanja na področju raziskav in razvoja.
3. Strokovna pomoč
(a) opravljanje svetovalnih nalog, namenjenih krepitvi sposobnosti izvajanja ukrepov za preprečevanje, pripravljenost in odzivanje;
(b) izvajanje inšpekcijskih pregledov nevarnih dejavnosti na zahtevo pogodbenice in zagotavljanje pomoči pri organiziranju njenih lastnih inšpekcijskih pregledov v skladu z zahtevami te konvencije.
4. Pomoč v izjemnih razmerah
Zagotavljanje pomoči na zahtevo pogodbenice med drugim s pošiljanjem strokovnjakov na kraj industrijske nesreče, da bi zagotovili svetovanje in druge vrste pomoči pri odzivanju na te nesreče.
PRILOGA XIII
Arbitraža
1. Tožeča pogodbenica ali pogodbenice uradno obvestijo sekretariat, da so se pogodbenice dogovorile za predložitev spora arbitraži na podlagi drugega odstavka 21. člena te konvencije. V uradnem obvestilu naj bodo navedeni predmet arbitraže in predvsem členi te konvencije, katerih razlaga ali uporaba je sporna. Sekretariat pošlje prejete informacije vsem pogodbenicam te konvencije.
2. Razsodišče sestavljajo trije člani. Tožeča pogodbenica ali pogodbenice in druga pogodbenica ali pogodbenice v sporu imenujejo razsodnika in tako imenovana razsodnika sporazumno določita tretjega razsodnika, ki bo predsednik razsodišča. Ta ne sme biti državljan ene od strank v sporu, ne sme imeti običajnega prebivališča na njihovem ozemlju, ne sme biti pri od njih zaposlen, niti se ni s tem primerom kakor koli drugače ukvarjal.
3. Če predsednik razsodišča ni bil določen v dveh mesecih po imenovanju drugega razsodnika, mora izvršilni sekretar Gospodarske komisije za Evropo na zahtevo ene od strank v sporu določiti predsednika v naslednjih dveh mesecih.
4. Če ena od strank v sporu ne imenuje razsodnika v dveh mesecih po prejemu zahteve, lahko druga stranka o tem obvesti izvršilnega sekretarja Gospodarske komisije za Evropo, ki v naslednjih dveh mesecih določi predsednika razsodišča. Ko je predsednik razsodišča določen, zahteva od stranke, ki ni imenovala razsodnika, da to stori v dveh mesecih. Če v tem roku tega ne stori, predsednik o tem obvesti izvršilnega sekretarja Gospodarske komisije za Evropo, ki opravi imenovanje v naslednjih dveh mesecih.
5. Razsodišče sprejme svojo odločitev v skladu z mednarodnim pravom in določbami te konvencije.
6. Vsako razsodišče, ustanovljeno po določbah te konvencije, sestavi svoj poslovnik.
7. Razsodišče sprejme odločitev o postopku in vsebini z večino glasov svojih članov.
8. Razsodišče lahko sprejme vse potrebne ukrepe za ugotovitev dejstev.
9. Stranke v sporu morajo olajšati delo razsodišča, z vsemi razpoložljivimi sredstvi pa morajo predvsem:
(a) priskrbeti razsodišču vso ustrezno dokumentacijo, sredstva za delo in informacije;
(b) omogočiti razsodišču, kadar je to potrebno, da vabi priče ali izvedence in pridobi njihovo pričevanje.
10. Stranke v sporu in razsodniki varujejo tajnost vseh informacij, ki jih prejmejo kot tajne med postopkom razsodišča.
11. Razsodišče lahko na zahtevo ene od strank predlaga začasne odredbe.
12. Če ena od strank v sporu ne pride pred razsodišče ali ji ne uspe zagovarjati svojega primera, lahko druga stranka zahteva, da razsodišče nadaljuje postopek in sprejme končno odločitev. Odsotnost stranke ali če stranka ne uspe zagovarjati svojega primera, ne sme biti ovira za nadaljevanje postopka.
13. Razsodišče lahko obravnava in določi nasprotne zahtevke, ki izhajajo neposredno iz predmeta spora.
14. Če razsodišče zaradi posebnih okoliščin primera ne določi drugače, krijejo stroške razsodišča, vključno z denarnim nadomestilom njegovim članom, stranke v sporu v enakih deležih. Razsodišče vodi evidenco vseh svojih stroškov in strankam v sporu predloži končni obračun stroškov.
15. Vsaka pogodbenica te konvencije, ki ima pravni interes v zadevi in jo odločitev o zadevi lahko prizadene, lahko s soglasjem razsodišča vstopi v postopku.
16. Razsodišče izda razsodbo v petih mesecih od dneva, ko je bilo ustanovljeno, razen če meni, da je treba ta rok podaljšati za obdobje, ki ne sme biti daljše od petih mesecev.
17. Razsodbi razsodišča je treba priložiti utemeljitev. Razsodba je dokončna in zavezujoča za vse stranke v sporu. Razsodišče pošlje razsodbo strankam v sporu in sekretariatu. Sekretariat pošlje prejete informacije vsem pogodbenicam te konvencije.
18. Vse spore, ki lahko nastanejo med strankami glede razlage ali izvršitve razsodbe, lahko katerakoli stranka predloži razsodišču, ki je razsodbo izdalo, če pa to ni več mogoče, pa drugemu sodišču, ki se v ta namen ustanovi na enak način kot prvo.
3. člen
Za izvajanje konvencije skrbita Ministrstvo za obrambo – Uprava Republike Slovenije za zaščito in reševanje in Ministrstvo za okolje in prostor. Organ za sodelovanje s Sekretariatom iz 20. člena konvencije je Ministrstvo za obrambo – Uprava Republike Slovenije za zaščito in reševanje.
4. člen
Ta zakon začne veljati naslednji dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 801-11/01-3/1
Ljubljana, dne 22. novembra 2001
Predsednik
Državnega zbora
Republike Slovenije
Borut Pahor l. r.
