Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
U K A Z
O RAZGLASITVI ZAKONA O RATIFIKACIJI PROTOKOLA ZA PREPREČEVANJE, ZATIRANJE IN KAZNOVANJE TRGOVINE Z LJUDMI, ZLASTI ŽENSKAMI IN OTROKI, KI DOPOLNJUJE KONVENCIJO ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV PROTI MEDNARODNEMU ORGANIZIRANEMU KRIMINALU (MPTLMOK)
Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Protokola za preprečevanje, zatiranje in kaznovanje trgovine z ljudmi, zlasti ženskami in otroki, ki dopolnjuje Konvencijo Združenih narodov proti mednarodnemu organiziranemu kriminalu (MPTLMOK), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji 21. aprila 2004.
Št. 001-22-81/04
Ljubljana, dne 29. aprila 2004
Predsednik
Republike Slovenije
dr. Janez Drnovšek l. r.
Z A K O N
O RATIFIKACIJI PROTOKOLA ZA PREPREČEVANJE, ZATIRANJE IN KAZNOVANJE TRGOVINE Z LJUDMI, ZLASTI ŽENSKAMI IN OTROKI, KI DOPOLNJUJE KONVENCIJO ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV PROTI MEDNARODNEMU ORGANIZIRANEMU KRIMINALU (MPTLMOK)
1. člen
Ratificira se Protokol za preprečevanje, zatiranje in kaznovanje trgovine z ljudmi, zlasti ženskami in otroki, ki dopolnjuje Konvencijo Združenih narodov proti mednarodnemu organiziranemu kriminalu, podpisan v New Yorku dne 15. novembra 2001.
2. člen
Besedilo protokola se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku ter prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:
P R O T O C O L
TO PREVENT, SUPPRESS AND PUNISH TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS, ESPECIALLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN, SUPPLEMENTING THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME
Preamble
The States Parties to this Protocol,
Declaring that effective action to prevent and combat trafficking in persons, especially women and children, requires a comprehensive international approach in the countries of origin, transit and destination that includes measures to prevent such trafficking, to punish the traffickers and to protect the victims of such trafficking, including by protecting their internationally recognized human rights,
Taking into account the fact that, despite the existence of a variety of international instruments containing rules and practical measures to combat the exploitation of persons, especially women and children, there is no universal instrument that addresses all aspects of trafficking in persons,
Concerned that, in the absence of such an instrument, persons who are vulnerable to trafficking will not be sufficiently protected,
Recalling General Assembly resolution 53/111 of 9 December 1998, in which the Assembly decided to establish an open-ended intergovernmental ad hoc committee for the purpose of elaborating a comprehensive international convention against transnational organized crime and of discussing the elaboration of, inter alia, an international instrument addressing trafficking in women and children,
Convinced that supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime with an international instrument for the prevention, suppression and punishment of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, will be useful in preventing and combating that crime,
Have agreed as follows:
I. General provisions
Article 1
Relation with the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
1. This Protocol supplements the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. It shall be interpreted together with the Convention.
2. The provisions of the Convention shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to this Protocol unless otherwise provided herein.
3. The offences established in accordance with article 5 of this Protocol shall be regarded as offences established in accordance with the Convention.
Article 2
Statement of purpose
The purposes of this Protocol are:
(a) To prevent and combat trafficking in persons, paying particular attention to women and children;
(b) To protect and assist the victims of such trafficking, with full respect for their human rights; and
(c) To promote cooperation among States Parties in order to meet those objectives.
Article 3
Use of terms
For the purposes of this Protocol:
(a) “Trafficking in persons” shall mean the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs;
(b) The consent of a victim of trafficking in persons to the intended exploitation set forth in subparagraph (a) of this article shall be irrelevant where any of the means set forth in subparagraph (a) have been used;
(c) The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation shall be considered “trafficking in persons” even if this does not involve any of the means set forth in subparagraph (a) of this article;
(d) “Child” shall mean any person under eighteen years of age.
Article 4
Scope of application
This Protocol shall apply, except as otherwise stated herein, to the prevention, investigation and prosecution of the offences established in accordance with article 5 of this Protocol, where those offences are transnational in nature and involve an organized criminal group, as well as to the protection of victims of such offences.
Article 5
Criminalization
1. Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences the conduct set forth in article 3 of this Protocol, when committed intentionally.
2. Each State Party shall also adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences:
(a) Subject to the basic concepts of its legal system, attempting to commit an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article;
(b) Participating as an accomplice in an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article; and
(c) Organizing or directing other persons to commit an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article.
II. Protection of victims of trafficking in persons
Article 6
Assistance to and protection of victims of trafficking in persons
1. In appropriate cases and to the extent possible under its domestic law, each State Party shall protect the privacy and identity of victims of trafficking in persons, including, inter alia, by making legal proceedings relating to such trafficking confidential.
2. Each State Party shall ensure that its domestic legal or administrative system contains measures that provide to victims of trafficking in persons, in appropriate cases:
(a) Information on relevant court and administrative proceedings;
(b) Assistance to enable their views and concerns to be presented and considered at appropriate stages of criminal proceedings against offenders, in a manner not prejudicial to the rights of the defence.
3. Each State Party shall consider implementing measures to provide for the physical, psychological and social recovery of victims of trafficking in persons, including, in appropriate cases, in cooperation with non-governmental organizations, other relevant organizations and other elements of civil society, and, in particular, the provision of:
(a) Appropriate housing;
(b) Counselling and information, in particular as regards their legal rights, in a language that the victims of trafficking in persons can understand;
(c) Medical, psychological and material assistance; and
(d) Employment, educational and training opportunities.
4. Each State Party shall take into account, in applying the provisions of this article, the age, gender and special needs of victims of trafficking in persons, in particular the special needs of children, including appropriate housing, education and care.
5. Each State Party shall endeavour to provide for the physical safety of victims of trafficking in persons while they are within its territory.
6. Each State Party shall ensure that its domestic legal system contains measures that offer victims of trafficking in persons the possibility of obtaining compensation for damage suffered.
Article 7
Status of victims of trafficking in persons in receiving States
1. In addition to taking measures pursuant to article 6 of this Protocol, each State Party shall consider adopting legislative or other appropriate measures that permit victims of trafficking in persons to remain in its territory, temporarily or permanently, in appropriate cases.
2. In implementing the provision contained in paragraph 1 of this article, each State Party shall give appropriate consideration to humanitarian and compassionate factors.
Article 8
Repatriation of victims of trafficking in persons
1. The State Party of which a victim of trafficking in persons is a national or in which the person had the right of permanent residence at the time of entry into the territory of the receiving State Party shall facilitate and accept, with due regard for the safety of that person, the return of that person without undue or unreasonable delay.
2. When a State Party returns a victim of trafficking in persons to a State Party of which that person is a national or in which he or she had, at the time of entry into the territory of the receiving State Party, the right of permanent residence, such return shall be with due regard for the safety of that person and for the status of any legal proceedings related to the fact that the person is a victim of trafficking and shall preferably be voluntary.
3. At the request of a receiving State Party, a requested State Party shall, without undue or unreasonable delay, verify whether a person who is a victim of trafficking in persons is its national or had the right of permanent residence in its territory at the time of entry into the territory of the receiving State Party.
4. In order to facilitate the return of a victim of trafficking in persons who is without proper documentation, the State Party of which that person is a national or in which he or she had the right of permanent residence at the time of entry into the territory of the receiving State Party shall agree to issue, at the request of the receiving State Party, such travel documents or other authorization as may be necessary to enable the person to travel to and re-enter its territory.
5. This article shall be without prejudice to any right afforded to victims of trafficking in persons by any domestic law of the receiving State Party.
6. This article shall be without prejudice to any applicable bilateral or multilateral agreement or arrangement that governs, in whole or in part, the return of victims of trafficking in persons.
III. Prevention, cooperation and other measures
Article 9
Prevention of trafficking in persons
1. States Parties shall establish comprehensive policies, programmes and other measures:
(a) To prevent and combat trafficking in persons; and
(b) To protect victims of trafficking in persons, especially women and children, from revictimization.
2. States Parties shall endeavour to undertake measures such as research, information and mass media campaigns and social and economic initiatives to prevent and combat trafficking in persons.
3. Policies, programmes and other measures established in accordance with this article shall, as appropriate, include cooperation with non-governmental organizations, other relevant organizations and other elements of civil society.
4. States Parties shall take or strengthen measures, including through bilateral or multilateral cooperation, to alleviate the factors that make persons, especially women and children, vulnerable to trafficking, such as poverty, underdevelopment and lack of equal opportunity.
5. States Parties shall adopt or strengthen legislative or other measures, such as educational, social or cultural measures, including through bilateral and multilateral cooperation, to discourage the demand that fosters all forms of exploitation of persons, especially women and children, that leads to trafficking.
Article 10
Information exchange and training
1. Law enforcement, immigration or other relevant authorities of States Parties shall, as appropriate, cooperate with one another by exchanging information, in accordance with their domestic law, to enable them to determine:
(a) Whether individuals crossing or attempting to cross an international border with travel documents belonging to other persons or without travel documents are perpetrators or victims of trafficking in persons;
(b) The types of travel document that individuals have used or attempted to use to cross an international border for the purpose of trafficking in persons; and
(c) The means and methods used by organized criminal groups for the purpose of trafficking in persons, including the recruitment and transportation of victims, routes and links between and among individuals and groups engaged in such trafficking, and possible measures for detecting them.
2. States Parties shall provide or strengthen training for law enforcement, immigration and other relevant officials in the prevention of trafficking in persons. The training should focus on methods used in preventing such trafficking, prosecuting the traffickers and protecting the rights of the victims, including protecting the victims from the traffickers. The training should also take into account the need to consider human rights and child- and gender-sensitive issues and it should encourage cooperation with non-governmental organizations, other relevant organizations and other elements of civil society.
3. A State Party that receives information shall comply with any request by the State Party that transmitted the information that places restrictions on its use.
Article 11
Border measures
1. Without prejudice to international commitments in relation to the free movement of people, States Parties shall strengthen, to the extent possible, such border controls as may be necessary to prevent and detect trafficking in persons.
2. Each State Party shall adopt legislative or other appropriate measures to prevent, to the extent possible, means of transport operated by commercial carriers from being used in the commission of offences established in accordance with article 5 of this Protocol.
3. Where appropriate, and without prejudice to applicable international conventions, such measures shall include establishing the obligation of commercial carriers, including any transportation company or the owner or operator of any means of transport, to ascertain that all passengers are in possession of the travel documents required for entry into the receiving State.
4. Each State Party shall take the necessary measures, in accordance with its domestic law, to provide for sanctions in cases of violation of the obligation set forth in paragraph 3 of this article.
5. Each State Party shall consider taking measures that permit, in accordance with its domestic law, the denial of entry or revocation of visas of persons implicated in the commission of offences established in accordance with this Protocol.
6. Without prejudice to article 27 of the Convention, States Parties shall consider strengthening cooperation among border control agencies by, inter alia, establishing and maintaining direct channels of communication.
Article 12
Security and control of documents
Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary, within available means:
(a) To ensure that travel or identity documents issued by it are of such quality that they cannot easily be misused and cannot readily be falsified or unlawfully altered, replicated or issued; and
(b) To ensure the integrity and security of travel or identity documents issued by or on behalf of the State Party and to prevent their unlawful creation, issuance and use.
Article 13
Legitimacy and validity of documents
At the request of another State Party, a State Party shall, in accordance with its domestic law, verify within a reasonable time the legitimacy and validity of travel or identity documents issued or purported to have been issued in its name and suspected of being used for trafficking in persons.
IV. Final provisions
Article 14
Saving clause
1. Nothing in this Protocol shall affect the rights, obligations and responsibilities of States and individuals under international law, including international humanitarian law and international human rights law and, in particular, where applicable, the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees and the principle of non-refoulement as contained therein.
2. The measures set forth in this Protocol shall be interpreted and applied in a way that is not discriminatory to persons on the ground that they are victims of trafficking in persons. The interpretation and application of those measures shall be consistent with internationally recognized principles of non-discrimination.
Article 15
Settlement of disputes
1. States Parties shall endeavour to settle disputes concerning the interpretation or application of this Protocol through negotiation.
2. Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Protocol that cannot be settled through negotiation within a reasonable time shall, at the request of one of those States Parties, be submitted to arbitration. If, six months after the date of the request for arbitration, those States Parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of those States Parties may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice by request in accordance with the Statute of the Court.
3. Each State Party may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance or approval of or accession to this Protocol, declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 2 of this article. The other States Parties shall not be bound by paragraph 2 of this article with respect to any State Party that has made such a reservation.
4. Any State Party that has made a reservation in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article may at any time withdraw that reservation by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 16
Signature, ratification, acceptance, approval and accession
1. This Protocol shall be open to all States for signature from 12 to 15 December 2000 in Palermo, Italy, and thereafter at United Nations Headquarters in New York until 12 December 2002.
2. This Protocol shall also be open for signature by regional economic integration organizations provided that at least one member State of such organization has signed this Protocol in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article.
3. This Protocol is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. A regional economic integration organization may deposit its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval if at least one of its member States has done likewise. In that instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval, such organization shall declare the extent of its competence with respect to the matters governed by this Protocol. Such organization shall also inform the depositary of any relevant modification in the extent of its competence.
4. This Protocol is open for accession by any State or any regional economic integration organization of which at least one member State is a Party to this Protocol. Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. At the time of its accession, a regional economic integration organization shall declare the extent of its competence with respect to matters governed by this Protocol. Such organization shall also inform the depositary of any relevant modification in the extent of its competence.
Article 17
Entry into force
1. This Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the fortieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, except that it shall not enter into force before the entry into force of the Convention. For the purpose of this paragraph, any instrument deposited by a regional economic integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by member States of such organization.
2. For each State or regional economic integration organization ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Protocol after the deposit of the fortieth instrument of such action, this Protocol shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit by such State or organization of the relevant instrument or on the date this Protocol enters into force pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article, whichever is the later.
Article 18
Amendment
1. After the expiry of five years from the entry into force of this Protocol, a State Party to the Protocol may propose an amendment and file it with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall thereupon communicate the proposed amendment to the States Parties and to the Conference of the Parties to the Convention for the purpose of considering and deciding on the proposal. The States Parties to this Protocol meeting at the Conference of the Parties shall make every effort to achieve consensus on each amendment. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted and no agreement has been reached, the amendment shall, as a last resort, require for its adoption a two-thirds majority vote of the States Parties to this Protocol present and voting at the meeting of the Conference of the Parties.
2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote under this article with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States that are Parties to this Protocol. Such organizations shall not exercise their right to vote if their member States exercise theirs and vice versa.
3. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States Parties.
4. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article shall enter into force in respect of a State Party ninety days after the date of the deposit with the Secretary-General of the United Nations of an instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of such amendment.
5. When an amendment enters into force, it shall be binding on those States Parties which have expressed their consent to be bound by it. Other States Parties shall still be bound by the provisions of this Protocol and any earlier amendments that they have ratified, accepted or approved.
Article 19
Denunciation
1. A State Party may denounce this Protocol by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Such denunciation shall become effective one year after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General.
2. A regional economic integration organization shall cease to be a Party to this Protocol when all of its member States have denounced it.
Article 20
Depositary and languages
1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is designated depositary of this Protocol.
2. The original of this Protocol, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized thereto by their respective Governments, have signed this Protocol.
P R O T O K O L
ZA PREPREČEVANJE, ZATIRANJE IN KAZNOVANJE TRGOVINE Z LJUDMI, ZLASTI ŽENSKAMI IN OTROKI, KI DOPOLNJUJE KONVENCIJO ZDRUŽENIH NARODOV PROTI MEDNARODNEMU ORGANIZIRANEMU KRIMINALU
Uvod
Države pogodbenice tega protokola:
izjavljajo, da učinkovito ukrepanje za preprečevanje in zatiranje mednarodne trgovine z ljudmi, zlasti ženskami in otroki, zahteva celovit mednarodni pristop v izvornih, tranzitnih in namembnih državah, ki vključuje ukrepe za preprečevanje take trgovine, kaznovanje prekupčevalcev in zaščito žrtev take trgovine, vključno z varstvom njihovih mednarodno priznanih človekovih pravic;
upoštevajo, da kljub obstoju raznih mednarodnih listin s pravili in praktičnimi ukrepi za boj proti izkoriščanju ljudi, zlasti žensk in otrok, ni splošne listine, ki bi se ukvarjala z vsemi vidiki trgovine z ljudmi;
so zaskrbljene, da brez take listine osebe, ki so ogrožene zaradi trgovine, ne bodo dovolj zaščitene;
se sklicujejo na Resolucijo Generalne skupščine št. 53/111 z dne 9. decembra 1998, s katero se je skupščina odločila, da ustanovi medvladni ad hoc odbor za pripravo celovite mednarodne konvencije proti mednarodnemu organiziranemu kriminalu in razpravo o pripravi mednarodne listine, ki se bo nanašala na trgovino z ženskami in otroki;
so prepričane, da bo dopolnitev Konvencije Združenih narodov proti mednarodnemu organiziranemu kriminalu z mednarodno listino o preprečevanju, zatiranju in kaznovanju trgovine z ljudmi, zlasti ženskami in otroki, koristna v boju proti temu kriminalu,
in so se zato dogovorile:
I. Splošne določbe
1. člen
Razmerje do konvencije Združenih narodov proti mednarodnemu organiziranemu kriminalu
1. Ta protokol dopolnjuje Konvencijo Združenih narodov proti mednarodnemu organiziranemu kriminalu. Razlagati ga je treba skupaj z njo.
2. Določbe konvencije se smiselno uporabljajo tudi za ta protokol, če v njem ni določeno drugače.
3. Kazniva dejanja, ki so določena v skladu s 5. členom tega protokola, se štejejo kot kazniva dejanja, določena s konvencijo.
2. člen
Izjava o namenu
Namen tega protokola je:
(a) preprečevanje in zatiranje trgovine z ljudmi s posebno pozornostjo do žensk in otrok;
(b) zaščita in pomoč žrtvam take trgovine ob popolnem spoštovanju njihovih človekovih pravic in
(c) pospeševanje sodelovanja med državami pogodbenicami za dosego teh ciljev.
3. člen
Uporaba izrazov
V tem protokolu:
(a) »trgovina z ljudmi« pomeni novačenje, prevoz, premestitev, dajanje zatočišča ali sprejemanje oseb zaradi izkoriščanja z grožnjo, uporabo sile ali drugimi oblikami prisile, ugrabitvijo, goljufijo, prevaro, zlorabo pooblastil ali ranljivosti ali dajanjem ali prejemanjem plačil ali koristi, da se doseže soglasje osebe, ki ima nadzor nad drugo osebo. Izkoriščanje vključuje vsaj izkoriščanje prostitucije ali drugih oblik spolne zlorabe oseb, njihovo prisilno delo ali storitve, suženjstvo ali podobna stanja, služabništvo ali odstranitev organov;
(b) soglasje žrtve trgovine z ljudmi o nameravanem izkoriščanju, navedeno v pododstavku a, se ne upošteva, če so bila uporabljena sredstva, navedena v pododstavku a;
(c) novačenje, prevoz, premestitev, dajanje zatočišča ali sprejemanje otrok zaradi izkoriščanja se šteje za trgovino z ljudmi, tudi če ne vključuje sredstev, navedenih v pododstavku a tega člena;
(d) »otrok« pomeni vsako osebo, ki še ni stara osemnajst let.
4. člen
Področje uporabe
Ta protokol se, če ni drugače navedeno, uporablja za preprečevanje, preiskovanje in pregon kaznivih dejanj, ugotovljenih v skladu s 5. členom tega protokola, kadar so to mednarodna kazniva dejanja in vključujejo organizirano kriminalno združbo, in za zaščito žrtev teh kaznivih dejanj.
5. člen
Kaznivost
1. Država pogodbenica sprejme zakonodajne in druge potrebne ukrepe, da se naklepno ravnanje, navedeno v 3. členu tega protokola, določi kot kaznivo dejanje.
2. Država pogodbenica prav tako sprejme zakonodajne in druge potrebne ukrepe za določitev teh ravnanj kot kaznivih dejanj:
(a) ob upoštevanju temeljnih načel svojega pravnega reda poskus storitve kaznivega dejanja po prvem odstavku tega člena;
(b) sodelovanje pri kaznivem dejanju po prvem odstavku tega člena;
(c) organiziranje ali napeljevanje drugih oseb h kaznivim dejanjem po prvem odstavku tega člena.
II. Zaščita žrtev trgovine z ljudmi
6. člen
Pomoč žrtvam trgovine z ljudmi in njihova zaščita
1. Država pogodbenica v ustreznih primerih in v obsegu, kot ga dopušča njeno notranje pravo, varuje zasebnost in identiteto žrtev trgovine z ljudmi, kar med drugim vključuje tudi zaupnost pravnih postopkov za tako trgovino.
2. Država pogodbenica zagotovi, da njen pravni ali upravni sistem vsebuje ukrepe, ki žrtvam trgovine z ljudmi v ustreznih primerih zagotavljajo:
(a) obveščanje o ustreznih sodnih in upravnih postopkih;
(b) pomoč pri predstavitvi in obravnavi njihovih mnenj in težav na primerni stopnji kazenskih postopkov proti storilcem kaznivih dejanj na način, ki ne škoduje pravicam obrambe.
3. Država pogodbenica v ustreznih primerih in ob sodelovanju nevladnih organizacij in drugih oblik civilne družbe preuči ukrepe za zagotavljanje fizičnega, psihičnega okrevanja žrtev trgovine z ljudmi in njihove ponovne vključitve v družbo, zlasti pa o zagotovitvi:
(a) ustrezne namestitve;
(b) svetovanja in obveščanja zlasti o njihovih zakonitih pravicah v jeziku, ki ga žrtve trgovine z ljudmi razumejo;
(c) zdravstvene, psihološke in materialne pomoči in
(d) možnostih za zaposlitev, izobraževanje in usposabljanje.
4. Država pogodbenica pri izvajanju določb tega člena upošteva starost, spol in posebne potrebe žrtev trgovine z ljudmi, zlasti posebne potrebe otrok, vključno z ustrezno namestitvijo, izobraževanjem in oskrbo.
5. Država pogodbenica si prizadeva zagotoviti fizično varnost žrtev trgovine z ljudmi, ko so na njenem ozemlju.
6. Država pogodbenica zagotovi, da njen pravni red vsebuje ukrepe, ki žrtvam trgovine z ljudmi omogočajo pridobitev nadomestila za utrpljeno škodo.
7. člen
Status žrtev trgovine z ljudmi v državah sprejemnicah
1. Poleg ukrepov iz 6. člena tega protokola država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ustreznih ukrepov, ki žrtvam trgovine z ljudmi v ustreznih primerih dovoljujejo začasno ali stalno ostati na njenem ozemlju.
2. Pri izvajanju določb prvega odstavka tega člena vsaka država pogodbenica upošteva človekoljubne in solidarnostne dejavnike.
8. člen
Vrnitev žrtev trgovine z ljudmi v matično državo
1. Država pogodbenica, katere državljan je žrtev trgovine z ljudmi, oziroma država, v kateri je imel pravico do stalnega prebivališča ob vstopu v državo sprejemnico, bo z upoštevanjem varnosti olajšala in sprejela njeno vrnitev brez nepotrebnega ali nerazumnega odlašanja.
2. Ko država pogodbenica vrne žrtve trgovine z ljudmi državi pogodbenici, katere državljan je ta oseba ali v kateri je imela ob vstopu v državo sprejemnico pravico do stalnega prebivališča, je treba ob vrnitvi, ki naj bo po možnosti prostovoljna, upoštevati, njeno varnost in stanje vseh pravnih postopkov v zvezi z dejstvom, da je ta oseba žrtev trgovine z ljudmi.
3. Na zahtevo države sprejemnice zaprošena država pogodbenica brez nepotrebnega ali nerazumnega odlašanja preveri, ali je oseba, ki je žrtev trgovine z ljudmi, njen državljan oziroma ali je imela pravico do stalnega prebivališča v njej ob vstopu v državo sprejemnico.
4. Da bi olajšala vračanje žrtev trgovine z ljudmi, ki nima ustreznih dokumentov, država pogodbenica, katere državljan je taka žrtev ali v kateri je imela pravico do stalnega prebivališča ob vstopu v državo sprejemnico, soglaša, da bo na zahtevo države sprejemnice izdala take potne listine ali drugo potrebno dovoljenje, da bo ta oseba lahko potovala in ponovno vstopila na njeno ozemlje.
5. Ta člen ne vpliva na pravice, priznane žrtvam trgovine z ljudmi po notranjem pravu države sprejemnice.
6. Ta člen ne vpliva na veljavne dvostranske ali večstranske sporazume ali dogovore, ki deloma ali v celoti urejajo vračanje žrtev trgovine z ljudmi.
III. Preprečevanje, sodelovanje in drugi ukrepi
9. člen
Preprečevanje trgovine z ljudmi
1. Države pogodbenice uvedejo celovite usmeritve, programe in druge ukrepe:
(a) za preprečevanje trgovine z ljudmi in boj proti njej,
(b) za zaščito žrtev trgovine z ljudmi, zlasti žensk in otrok pred tem, da bi ponovno postale žrtve.
2. Države pogodbenice si prizadevajo izvesti ukrepe, kot so raziskave, obveščanje in medijske kampanje ter družbene in gospodarske pobude za preprečevanje trgovine z ljudmi in boj proti njej.
3. Usmeritve, programi in drugi ukrepi, sprejeti v skladu s tem členom, vključujejo, kadar je to primerno, sodelovanje z nevladnimi organizacijami, drugimi ustreznimi organizacijami in deli civilne družbe.
4. Države pogodbenice tudi z dvostranskim ali večstranskim sodelovanjem sprejmejo ali okrepijo ukrepe za ublažitev dejavnikov, kot so revščina, nerazvitost in pomanjkanje enakih možnosti, ki vplivajo na to, da so ljudje, zlasti ženske in otroci, lažje žrtve trgovine z ljudmi.
5. Države pogodbenice tudi z dvostranskim in večstranskim sodelovanjem sprejmejo ali poostrijo zakonodajne ali druge ukrepe, kot so izobraževalni, socialni ali kulturni ukrepi, za zmanjšanje povpraševanja, ki pospešuje vse oblike izkoriščanja ljudi, zlasti žensk in otrok, zaradi česar prihaja do trgovanja z ljudmi.
10. člen
Izmenjava informacij in usposabljanje
1. Organi pregona in priseljevanja ali drugi ustrezni organi držav pogodbenic primerno sodelujejo med seboj z izmenjavo informacij v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom, da lahko ugotovijo:
(a) ali so posamezniki, ki prečkajo ali poskušajo prečkati mednarodno mejo s potnimi listinami, ki pripadajo drugim osebam, ali brez potnih listin, storilci kaznivih dejanj ali žrtve trgovine z ljudmi;
(b) vrsto potnih listin, ki so jih posamezniki uporabili ali poskušali uporabiti za prečkanje mednarodne meje zaradi trgovine z ljudmi in
(c) kakšna sredstva in metode uporabljajo organizirane kriminalne združbe za trgovanje z ljudmi, vključno za novačenje in prevoz žrtev, katere poti uporabljajo in kakšne so povezave med posamezniki in združbami, ki so vpletene v tako trgovino, ter kateri so možni ukrepi za njihovo odkrivanje.
2. Države pogodbenice zagotovijo ali okrepijo usposabljanje pripadnikov pregona, priseljevanja ter drugih pristojnih uslužbencev za preprečevanje trgovine z ljudmi. Usposabljanje naj bi bilo osredotočeno na metode, ki se uporabljajo za preprečevanje take trgovine, pregon prekupčevalcev in varstvo pravic žrtev, vključno z njihovo zaščito pred prekupčevalci. Upoštevalo naj bi tudi nujnost obravnavanja človekovih pravic in vprašanj v zvezi s starostjo in spolom in spodbujalo sodelovanje z nevladnimi organizacijami ter drugimi ustreznimi organizacijami in deli civilne družbe.
3. Država pogodbenica, ki prejme informacijo glede omejitve njene uporabe, izpolni vsako zahtevo države pogodbenice, ki jo je poslala.
11. člen
Ukrepi na meji
1. Države pogodbenice brez škode za mednarodne obveznosti glede prostega gibanja ljudi okrepijo nadzor meje v obsegu, potrebnem za preprečevanje in odkrivanje trgovine z ljudmi.
2. Država pogodbenica v okviru možnosti sprejme zakonodajne ali druge ustrezne ukrepe, da prepreči, da se prevozna sredstva komercialnih prevoznikov uporabljajo za storitve kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s 5. členom tega protokola.
3. Kadar je primerno in brez poseganja v veljavne mednarodne konvencije ti ukrepi vključujejo uvedbo obveznosti za komercialne prevoznike, vključno s prevoznimi podjetji ali lastniki ali upravljavci prevoznih sredstev, da zagotovijo, da imajo vsi potniki potne listine, zahtevane za vstop v državo sprejemnico.
4. Država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom sprejme ukrepe, potrebne za kaznovanje, če so kršene obveznosti, določene v tretjem odstavku tega člena.
5. Država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje ukrepov, ki v skladu z njenim notranjim pravom dovoljujejo zavrnitev vstopa ali preklic vizumov za osebe, vpletene v storitev kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s tem protokolom.
6. Brez poseganja v 27. člen konvencije države pogodbenice preučijo okrepitev sodelovanja med službami za mejni nadzor, med drugim tudi z uvedbo in vzdrževanjem neposrednih stikov.
12. člen
Varnost in nadzor listin
Država pogodbenica sprejme potrebne ukrepe v okviru svojih možnosti:
(a) da zagotovi, da so potne ali identifikacijske listine, ki jih je izdala, tako kakovostne, da jih je težko zlorabiti in ne morejo biti enostavno ponarejene ali nezakonito spremenjene, razmnožene ali izdane, in
(b) da zagotovi popolnost in varnost potnih ali identifikacijskih listin, ki jih je izdala ali so bile izdane v njenem imenu, da prepreči njihovo nezakonito izdelovanje, izdajanje in uporabo.
13. člen
Legitimnost in veljavnost listin
Država pogodbenica na zahtevo druge države pogodbenice v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom v razumnem času preveri legitimnost in veljavnost potnih ali identifikacijskih listin, ki so ali naj bi bile izdane v njenem imenu in se zanje sumi, da se uporabljajo za trgovino z ljudmi.
IV. Končne določbe
14. člen
Varnostna določba
1. Nobena določba tega protokola ne vpliva na pravice, obveznosti in odgovornosti držav in posameznikov po mednarodnem pravu, vključno z mednarodno humanitarnim pravom in mednarodnim pravom o človekovih pravicah in zlasti, kadar je to primerno, po konvenciji iz leta 1951 in protokolu iz leta 1967 o statusu beguncev in načelu nevmešavanja, ki ga vsebujeta.
2. Ukrepi, določeni v tem protokolu, se razlagajo in uporabljajo na način, ki ne zapostavlja oseb zato, ker so žrtve trgovine z ljudmi. Razlaga in uporaba teh ukrepov sta skladni z mednarodno priznanimi načeli nerazlikovanja.
15. člen
Reševanje sporov
1. Države pogodbenice si prizadevajo reševati spore zaradi razlage ali uporabe tega protokola s pogajanji.
2. Spor med dvema ali več državami pogodbenicami zaradi razlage ali uporabe tega protokola, ki ga v razumnem času ni mogoče rešiti s pogajanji, se na predlog ene od teh držav pogodbenic predloži v arbitražo. Če se države pogodbenice v šestih mesecih po predlogu za arbitražo ne morejo dogovoriti o organizaciji arbitraže, lahko država pogodbenica predloži spor Meddržavnemu sodišču z vlogo v skladu s statutom sodišča.
3. Država pogodbenica lahko ob podpisu, ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi tega protokola ali pristopu k njemu izjavi, da se ne šteje za zavezano po drugem odstavku tega člena. Drugi odstavek tega člena ne zavezuje drugih držav v odnosu do države, ki je dala tak pridržek.
4. Država pogodbenica, ki je dala pridržek v skladu s tretjim odstavkom tega člena, ga lahko kadar koli umakne z uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov.
16. člen
Podpis, ratifikacija, sprejetje, odobritev in pristop
1. Ta protokol je na voljo za podpis vsem državam od 12. do 15. decembra 2000 v Palermu, Italija, nato pa na sedežu Združenih narodov v New Yorku do 12. decembra 2002.
2. Ta protokol je na voljo za podpis tudi regionalnim organizacijam za gospodarsko sodelovanje, če je vsaj ena država članica te organizacije podpisala ta protokol v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena.
3. Ta protokol je treba ratificirati, sprejeti ali odobriti. Listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. Regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje lahko deponira svojo listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi, če je tako storila najmanj ena njena država članica. V listini o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi taka organizacija izjavi, kakšen je obseg njenih pristojnosti za zadeve, ki jih ureja ta protokol. Ta organizacija obvesti depozitarja tudi o vsaki pomembni spremembi glede obsega njenih pristojnosti.
4. K temu protokolu lahko pristopi katera koli država ali regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje, če je najmanj ena njena članica podpisnica tega protokola. Listine o pristopu se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. Regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje ob pristopu izjavi, kakšen je obseg njenih pristojnosti za zadeve, ki jih ureja ta protokol. Ta organizacija obvesti depozitarja tudi o vsaki pomembni spremembi glede obsega svojih pristojnosti.
17. člen
Začetek veljavnosti
1. Ta protokol začne veljati devetdeseti dan po datumu deponiranja štiridesete listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu, s tem da ne začne veljati pred začetkom veljavnosti konvencije. Za namen tega odstavka se listine, ki jih deponirajo regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko sodelovanje, ne štejejo za dodatne k listinam, ki so jih že deponirale države članice te organizacije.
2. Za državo ali regionalno organizacijo za gospodarsko sodelovanje, ki ratificira, sprejme ali odobri ta protokol ali pristopi k njemu po deponiranju štiridesete listine, začne ta protokol veljati trideseti dan po datumu deponiranja ustrezne listine te države ali organizacije ali na dan, ko ta protokol začne veljati v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena, kar od tega je pozneje.
18. člen
Spremembe
1. Po petih letih od začetka veljavnosti tega protokola lahko država pogodbenica protokola predlaga spremembo in jo vloži pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov, ki predlagano spremembo pošlje državam pogodbenicam in konferenci pogodbenic konvencije v razpravo in odločanje o predlogu. Države pogodbenice tega protokola, ki se sestanejo na konferenci pogodbenic, si čim bolj prizadevajo doseči soglasje za vsako spremembo. Če so izčrpana vsa prizadevanja za soglasje in ni bil dosežen sporazum, je za sprejetje spremembe na koncu potrebna dvetretjinska večina držav pogodbenic protokola, ki so navzoče in glasujejo na sestanku konference pogodbenic.
2. Regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko sodelovanje pri zadevah iz svojih pristojnosti uresničujejo svojo pravico do glasovanja po tem členu s številom glasov, ki je enako številu njihovih držav članic, ki so podpisnice tega protokola. Take organizacije ne smejo uresničevati svoje glasovalne pravice, če njihove države članice uveljavljajo svojo in obratno.
3. Države pogodbenice morajo ratificirati, sprejeti ali odobriti spremembo, sprejeto v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena,.
4. Sprememba, sprejeta v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena, začne za državo pogodbenico veljati devetdeset dni po datumu deponiranja listine o njeni ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.
5. Ko sprememba začne veljati, je obvezujoča za tiste države pogodbenice, ki so izrazile soglasje, da jih zavezuje. Druge države pogodbenice pa še naprej zavezujejo določbe tega protokola in vse prejšnje spremembe, ki so jih ratificirale, sprejele ali odobrile.
19. člen
Odpoved
1. Država pogodbenica lahko odpove ta protokol s pisnim uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov. Odpoved začne veljati eno leto po tem, ko je generalni sekretar prejel uradno obvestilo.
2. Regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje preneha biti pogodbenica tega protokola, ko ga odpovejo vse njene članice.
20. člen
Depozitar in jezik
1. Depozitar tega protokola je generalni sekretar Združenih narodov.
2. Izvirnik tega protokola, katerega besedila v angleščini, arabščini, francoščini, kitajščini, ruščini in španščini so enako verodostojna, se hrani pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.
V POTRDITEV NAVEDENEGA so podpisani pooblaščenci, ki so jih zato pravilno pooblastile njihove vlade, podpisali ta protokol.
3. člen
Za izvajanje protokola skrbi Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve.
4. člen
Ta zakon začne veljati naslednji dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 212-05/04-36/1
Ljubljana, dne 21. aprila 2004
EPA 1225-III
Predsednik
Državnega zbora
Republike Slovenije
Borut Pahor l. r.
