Na podlagi tretjega odstavka 77. člena Zakona o zunanjih zadevah (Uradni list RS, št. 113/03 – uradno prečiščeno besedilo, 20/06 – ZNOMCMO, 76/08, 108/09 in 80/10 – ZUTD) je Vlada Republike Slovenije sprejela
S K L E P
O OBJAVI BESEDILA KODEKSA OECD O LIBERALIZACIJI KAPITALSKIH TOKOV IN KODEKSA OECD O LIBERALIZACIJI TEKOČIH NEVIDNIH OPERACIJ
ki se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasita:(1)
Št. 51102-8/2011
Ljubljana, dne 23. junija 2011
EVA 2011-1811-0047
Vlada Republike Slovenije
mag. Helena Kamnar l.r.
Generalna sekretarka
(1) Besedilo kodeksov je v angleškem in francoskem izvirniku na voljo na spletni strani http:// www.oecd. org/ document /63/ 0,3746, en_2649_ 34887_1826559 _1_1_1_1 ,00. html. Na navedeni spletni strani se objavljajo tudi vse spremembe in dopolnitve kodeksov.
OECD CODE
OF LIBERALISATION OF CAPITAL MOVEMENTS 2010
PREAMBLE
THE COUNCIL,
Having regard to Articles 2 (d) and 5 (a) of the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development of 14th December 1960;
Having regard to the Code of Liberalisation of Current Invisible Operations;
Having regard to the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund of 27th December 1945;
Having regard to the European Monetary Agreement of 5th August 1955, and the Protocol of Provisional Application of that Agreement of the same date;
Having regard to the Report of the Committee for Invisible Transactions on the Codes of Liberalisation of Current Invisibles and of Capital Movements of 28th October 1961, and the Comments by the Executive Committee on that Report of 8th December 1961 [OECD/C(61)37; OECD/C(61)73];
DECIDES:
Part I
UNDERTAKINGS WITH REGARD TO CAPITAL MOVEMENTS
Article 1
General Undertakings
a. Members shall progressively abolish between one another, in accordance with the provisions of Article 2, restrictions on movements of capital to the extent necessary for effective economic co-operation. Measures designed to eliminate such restrictions are hereinafter called “measures of liberalisation”.
b. Members shall, in particular, endeavour:
i) to treat all non-resident-owned assets in the same way irrespective of the date of their formation, and
ii) to permit the liquidation of all non-resident-owned assets and the transfer of such assets or of their liquidation proceeds.
c. Members should use their best offices to ensure that the measures of liberalisation are applied within their overseas territories.
d. Members shall endeavour to extend the measures of liberalisation to all members of the International Monetary Fund.
e. Members shall endeavour to avoid introducing any new exchange restrictions on the movements of capital or the use of non-resident-owned funds and shall endeavour to avoid making existing regulations more restrictive.
Article 2
Measures of liberalisation
a. Subject to the provisions of paragraph (b)(iv), Members shall grant any authorisation required for the conclusion or execution of transactions and for transfers specified in an item set out in List A or List B of Annex A to this Code.
b. A Member may lodge reservations relating to the obligations resulting from paragraph (a) when:
i) an item is added to List A of Annex A to this Code;
ii) obligations relating to an item in that List are extended;
iii) obligations relating to any such item begin to apply to that Member; or
iv) at any time, in respect of an item in List B. Reservations shall be set out in Annex B to the Code.
c. Whenever the liquidation proceeds of non-resident-owned assets may be transferred, the right of transfer shall include any appreciation of the original assets.
d. Whenever existing regulations or international agreements permit loans between residents of different Members otherwise than by issuing marketable domestic securities or by using, in the country in which the borrower resides, funds the transfer of which is restricted, the repayment obligation may be expressed or guaranteed in the currency of either of the two Members concerned.
Article 3
Public order and security
The provisions of this Code shall not prevent a Member from taking action which it considers necessary for:
i) the maintenance of public order or the protection of public health, morals and safety;
ii) the protection of its essential security interests;
iii) the fulfilment of its obligations relating to international peace and security.
Article 4
Obligations in existing multilateral international agreements
Nothing in this Code shall be regarded as altering the obligations undertaken by a Member as a Signatory of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund or other existing multilateral international agreements.
Article 5
Controls and formalities
a. The measures of liberalisation provided for in this Code shall not limit the powers of Members to verify the authenticity of transactions or transfers nor to take any measures required to prevent evasion of their laws or regulations.
b. Members shall simplify as much as possible all formalities connected with the authorisation or verification of transactions or transfers and shall co-operate, if necessary, to attain such simplification.
Article 6
Execution of transfers
A Member shall be deemed to have complied with its obligations as regards transfers whenever a transfer may be made:
i) between persons entitled, by the exchange regulations of the State from which and of the State to which the transfer is to be made, respectively, to make and/or to receive the said transfer;
ii) in accordance with international agreements in force at the time the transfer is to be made; and
iii) in accordance with the monetary arrangements in force between the State from which and the State to which the transfer is to be made.
Article 7
Clauses of derogation
a. If its economic and financial situation justifies such a course, a Member need not take the whole of the measures of liberalisation provided for in Article 2(a).
b. If any measures of liberalisation taken or maintained in accordance with the provisions of Article 2(a) result in serious economic and financial disturbance in the Member State concerned, that Member may withdraw those measures.
c. If the overall balance of payments of a Member develops adversely at a rate and in circumstances, including the state of its monetary reserves, which it considers serious, that member may temporarily suspend the application of measures of liberalisation taken or maintained in accordance with the provisions of Article 2(a).
d. However, a Member invoking paragraph (c) shall endeavour to ensure that its measures of liberalisation:
i) cover, twelve months after it has invoked that paragraph, to a reasonable extent, having regard to the need for advancing towards the objective defined in sub-paragraph ii), transactions and transfers which the Member must authorise in accordance with Article 2(a) and the authorisation of which it has suspended, since it invoked paragraph (c); and
ii) comply, eighteen months after it has invoked that paragraph, with its obligations under Article 2(a).
e. Any Member invoking the provisions of this Article shall do so in such a way as to avoid unnecessary damage which bears especially on the financial or economic interests of another Member and, in particular, shall avoid any discrimination between other Members.
Article 8
Right to benefit from measures of liberalisation
Any Member lodging a reservation under Article 2(b) or invoking the provisions of Article 7 shall, nevertheless, benefit from the measures of liberalisation taken by other Members, provided it has complied with the procedure laid down in Article 12 or Article 13 as the case may be.
Article 9
Non-discrimination
A Member shall not discriminate as between other Members in authorising the conclusion and execution of transactions and transfers which are listed in Annex A and which are subject to any degree of liberalisation.
Article 10
Exceptions to the principle of non-discrimination special customs or monetary systems
Members forming part of a special customs or monetary system may apply to one another, in addition to measures of liberalisation taken in accordance with the provisions of Article 2(a), other measures of liberalisation without extending them to other Members. Members forming part of such a system shall inform the Organisation of its membership and those of its provisions which have a bearing on this Code.
Part II
PROCEDURE
Article 11
Notification and information from members
a. Members shall notify the Organisation, within the periods which the latter may determine, of the measures of liberalisation which they have taken and of any other measures which have a bearing on this Code, as well as of any modifications of such measures.
b. Members shall notify the Organisation forthwith of any cases in which they have by virtue of remark ii) against Section I of List A of Annex A to this Code imposed restrictions on specific transactions or transfers relating to direct investments and shall state their reasons for doing so.
c. Members shall submit to the Organisation, at intervals determined by the Organisation, but of no more than eighteen months, information concerning:
i) any channels, other than official channels, through which transfers are made, and any rates of exchange applying to such transfers, if they are different from the official rates of exchange;
ii) any security money markets and any premiums or discounts in relation to official rates of exchange prevailing therein.
d. Organisation shall consider the notifications submitted to it in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) with a view to determining whether each Member is complying with its obligations under this Code.
Article 12
Notification and examination of reservations lodged under article 2(b)
a. Each Member lodging a reservation in respect of an item specified in List B of Annex A to the Code shall forthwith notify the Organisation of its reasons therefor.
b. Each Member shall notify the Organisation within a period to be determined by the Organisation, whether it desires to maintain any reservation lodged by it in respect of an item specified in List A or List B of Annex A to this Code, and if so, state its reasons therefor.
c. The Organisation shall examine each reservation lodged by a Member in respect of an item specified in:
i) List A at intervals of not more than eighteen months;
ii) List B within six months of notification, and at intervals of not more than eighteen months thereafter; unless the Council decides otherwise.
d. The examinations provided for in paragraph (c) shall be directed to making suitable proposals designed to assist Members to withdraw their reservations.
Article 13
Notification and examination of derogations made under article 7
a. Any Member invoking the provisions of Article 7 shall notify the Organisation forthwith of its action, together with its reasons therefore.
b. The Organisation shall consider the notification and reasons submitted to it in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (a) with a view to determining whether the Member concerned is justified in invoking the provisions of Article 7 and, in particular, whether it is complying with the provisions of paragraph (e) of that Article.
c. If the action taken by a Member in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 is not disapproved by the Organisation, that action shall be reconsidered by the Organisation every six months or, subject to the provisions of Article 15, on any other date which the latter may deem appropriate.
d. If, however, in the opinion of a Member other than the one which has invoked Article 7, the circumstances justifying the action taken by the latter in accordance with the provisions of that Article have changed, that other Member may at any time refer to the Organisation for reconsideration of the case at issue.
e. If the action taken by a Member in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of Article 7 has not been disapproved by the Organisation, then if that Member subsequently invokes paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of Article 7 of the Code of Liberalisation of Current Invisible Operations, or, having invoked one paragraph of Article 7 of this Code, invokes another paragraph of that Article, its case shall be reconsidered by the Organisation after six months have elapsed since the date of the previous consideration, or on any other date which the latter may deem appropriate. If another Member claims that the Member in question is failing to carry out its obligations under paragraph (e) of Article 7 of this Code or paragraph (e) of Article 7 of the Code of Liberalisation of Current Invisible Operations, the Organisation shall consider the case without delay.
f. i) If the Organisation, following its consideration in accordance with paragraph (b), determines that a Member is not justified in invoking the provisions of Article 7 or is not complying with the provisions of that Article, it shall remain in consultation with the Member concerned, with a view to restoring compliance with the Code.
ii) If, after a reasonable period of time, that Member continues to invoke the provisions of Article 7, the Organisation shall reconsider the matter. If the Organisation is then unable to determine that the Member concerned is justified in invoking the provisions of Article 7 or is complying with the provisions of that Article, the situation of that Member shall be examined at a session of the Council convened by its Chairman for this purpose unless the Organisation decides on some other procedure.
Article 14
Examination of derogations made under article 7 members in process of economic development
a. In examining the case of any Member which it considers to be in the process of economic development and which has invoked the provisions of Article 7 the Organisation shall have special regard to the effect that the economic development of the Member has upon its ability to carry out its obligations under paragraph (a) of Articles 1 and 2.
b. In order to reconcile the obligations of the Member concerned under paragraph (a) of Article 2 with the requirements of its economic development, the Organisation may grant that Member a special dispensation from those obligations.
Article 15
Special report and examination concerning derogations made under article 7
a. A Member invoking the provisions of paragraph (c) of Article 7 shall report to the Organisation, within ten months after such invocation, on the measures of liberalisation it has restored or proposes to restore in order to attain the objective determined in sub-paragraph (d)i) of Article 7. The Member shall, if it continues to invoke these provisions, report to the Organisation again on the same subject – but with reference to the objective determined in sub-paragraph (d)ii) of Article 7 – within sixteen months after such invocation.
b. If the Member considers that it will not be able to attain the objective, it shall indicate its reasons in its report and, in addition, shall state:
i) what internal measures it has taken to restore its economic equilibrium and what results have already been attained, and
ii) what further internal measures it proposes to take and what additional period it considers it will need in order to attain the objective determined in sub-paragraph (d)i) or (d)ii) of Article 7.
c. In cases referred to in paragraph (b), the Organisation shall consider within a period of twelve months, and, if required, of eighteen months from the date on which the Member invoked the provisions of paragraph (c) of Article 7, whether the situation of that Member appears to justify its failure to attain the objective determined in sub-paragraph (d)i) or (d)ii) of Article 7 and whether the measures taken or envisaged and the period considered by it as necessary for attaining the objective determined, appear acceptable in the light of the objectives of the Organisation in the commercial and financial fields.
d. If a Member invokes the provisions of both paragraph (c) of Article 7 of this Code and paragraph (c) of Article 7 of the Code of Liberalisation of Current Invisible Operations, the periods of twelve and eighteen months referred to in paragraph (c) shall run from the date of the earlier invocation.
e. If following any of the examinations provided for in paragraph (c) the Organisation is unable to approve the arguments advanced by the Member concerned in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (b), the situation of that Member shall be examined at a session of the Council convened by its Chairman for this purpose unless the Organisation decides on some other procedure.
Article 16
Reference to the organisation internal arrangements
a. If a Member considers that the measures of liberalisation taken or maintained by another Member, in accordance with Article 2(a), are frustrated by internal arrangements likely to restrict the possibility of effecting transactions or transfers, and if it considers itself prejudiced by such arrangements, for instance because of their discriminatory effect, it may refer to the Organisation.
b. If, following the consideration of a matter referred to it under paragraph (a) the Organisation determines that internal arrangements introduced or maintained by the Member concerned have the effect of frustrating its measures of liberalisation, the Organisation may make suitable suggestions with regard to the removal or modification of such arrangements.
Article 17
Reference to the organisation retention, introduction or reintroduction of restrictions
a. If a Member considers that another Member which has not invoked the provisions of Article 7 has retained, introduced or reintroduced restrictions on capital movements or the use of non-resident-owned funds contrary to the provisions of Articles 1, 2, 9 or 10, and if it considers itself to be prejudiced thereby, it may refer to the Organisation.
b. The fact that the case is under consideration by the Organisation shall not preclude the Member which has referred to the Organisation from entering into bilateral conversations on the matter with the other Member concerned.
Part III
TERMS OF REFERENCE
Article 18
Investment Committee – General tasks
a. The Investment Committee shall consider all questions concerning the interpretation or implementation of the provisions of this Code or other Acts of the Council relating to the liberalisation of capital movements and the use of non-residents-owned funds and shall report its conclusions thereon to the Council as appropriate.
b. The Investment Committee shall submit to the Council any appropriate proposals in connection with its tasks as defined in paragraph (a) and, in particular, with the extension of measures of liberalisation as provided in Article 1 of this Code.
Article 19
Investment Committee – Special tasks
a. The Investment Committee shall:
i) determine the periods within which the information provided for in paragraphs (a) and (c) of Article 11 and the reasons provided for in paragraph (b) of Article 12 should be notified to the Organisation by the Members concerned;
ii) subject to paragraph (c) of this Article, consider, in conformity with paragraphs (c) and (d) of Article 12, each reservation notified to the Organisation in accordance with paragraphs (a) and (b) of that Article and make, where appropriate, suitable proposals designed to assist Members to withdraw their reservations;
iii) determine, in accordance with the provisions of Article 12, the date on which any reservation should be re-examined, if the reservation has not been withdrawn in the meantime;
iv) consider, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (d) of Article 11, the notifications submitted to the Organisation;
v) consider reports and references submitted to the Organisation in accordance with the provisions of Article 13 or paragraphs (a) and (b) of Article 15 where a Member has invoked the provisions of Article 7, or submitted in accordance with the provisions of Article 16 or Article 17;
vi) determine the date on which the case of a Member which has invoked Article 7 should be reconsidered in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (c), paragraph (e) or paragraph (f)ii) of Article 13;
vii) transmit to the United States Government, with any comments it considers appropriate, notifications received from Members in accordance with paragraph 2(a) of the Decision in Annex C to the Code; and
viii) consider information received from the United States Government in accordance with paragraph 2(b) of the Decision in Annex C to the Code.
b. When examining the reservations notified in accordance with paragraph (b) of Article 12, the Committee may, at its discretion, consider together either all reservations made by the same Member or all reservations made in respect of the same item specified in Annex A to this Code.
c. The Committee shall, however, not consider any reservations notified to the Organisation in accordance with paragraph (b) of Article 12 by a Member which, at the time of the examination in respect of the item subject to that reservation, is invoking the provisions of Article 7 or is enjoying a dispensation in accordance with paragraph (b) of Article 14.
d. In the cases provided for in sub-paragraphs ii), iv), v) and viii) of paragraph (a), the Committee shall report to the Council, except in cases of notifications under Article 11 (b) on which the Committee shall report only if it considers this appropriate.
e. The Committee shall, whenever it considers it necessary:
i) consult other Committees of the Organisation on any questions relating to the liberalisation of capital movements; and, in particular,
ii) request other Committees of the Organisation to give their views on any questions relating to the balance of payments and the state of the monetary reserves of a Member.
Part IV
MISCELLANEOUS
Article 20
Definitions
In this Code:
i) “Member” shall mean a Member of the Organisation which adheres to this Code;
ii) “Domestic securities” shall mean securities issued or to be issued by a resident;
iii) “Foreign securities” shall mean securities issued or to be issued by a non-resident;
iv) “Recognised security market” shall mean a stock exchange or security market in a Member country (including an over-the-counter market organised by a recognised association of security dealers);
– which is officially recognised in the country where it operates;
– on which the public can buy and sell securities; and
– on which dealings take place in accordance with fixed rules;
v) “Securities quoted on a recognised security market” shall mean securities which have been granted an official quotation or are officially listed on such a market or for which dealing prices on such a market are published not less frequently than once a week;
vi) Security dealing on a “spot basis” shall mean dealing with payment and delivery to be made immediately the transaction is concluded or on the next periodic settlement date of the stock exchange where the transaction takes place;
vii) “Money market securities” shall mean securities with an original maturity of less than one year;
viii) “Collective investment securities” shall mean the share certificates, registry entries or other evidence of investor interest in an institution for collective investment which, irrespective of legal form, is organised for the purpose of managing investments in securities or in other assets, applies the principle of risk-spreading, issues its own securities to the public on demand either continuously or at frequent intervals and is required on the request of the holder to redeem such securities, directly or indirectly, within a specified period and at their net asset value;
ix) “Financial institutions” shall mean banks, savings banks, bodies which specialise in the granting of credits, insurance companies, building societies, investment companies, and other establishments of a similar nature;
x) “Deposit” shall mean a sum of money paid on terms: a) under which it will be repaid, with or without interest or premium, and either on demand or at a time or in circumstances agreed by the person making it or receiving it or by his order, and b) which are not referable to the provision of property or services or to the giving of security;
xi) “Official channels” shall mean foreign exchange markets in which an officially established rate or officially established rates apply and in which spot transactions take place at rates which are free to fluctuate within the official margins;
xii) “Blocked funds” shall mean funds owned by residents of other Member countries in accordance with the laws and regulations of the Member where the funds are held and blocked for balance-of-payments reasons;
xiii) “Unit of account” shall mean the sum in the national currency of a Member which is equal to a unit of value of special drawing rights as valued by the International Monetary Fund.
Article 21
Title of decision
This Decision, referred to in the present text as the “Code”, shall be known as the “Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements”.
Article 22
Withdrawal
Any Member may withdraw from the Code by transmitting a notice in writing to the Secretary-General of the Organisation. The withdrawal shall become effective twelve months from the date on which such notice is received.
CODE
OF LIBERALISATION OF CURRENT INVISIBLE OPERATIONS 2010
PREAMBLE
The Council,
Having regard to Articles 2 d) and 5 a) of the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development of 14th December 1960;
Having regard to the Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements;
Having regard to the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund of 27th December 1945;
Having regard to the European Monetary Agreement of 5th August 1955, and the Protocol of Provisional Application of that Agreement of the same date;
Having regard to the Report of the Committee for Invisible Transactions on the Codes of Liberalisation of Current Invisibles and of Capital Movements of 28th October 1961, and the Comments by the Executive Committee on that Report of 8th December 1961 [OECD/C(61)37; OECD/C(61)73];
Decides:
PART I
UNDERTAKINGS WITH REGARD TO CURRENT INVISIBLE OPERATIONS
Article 1
GENERAL UNDERTAKINGS
a. Members shall eliminate between one another, in accordance with the provisions of Article 2, restrictions on current invisible transactions and transfers, hereinafter called “current invisible operations”. Measures designed for this purpose are hereinafter called “measures of liberalisation”.
b. Where Members are not bound, by virtue of the provisions of this Code, to grant authorisations in respect of current invisible operations, they shall deal with applications in as liberal a manner as possible.
c. Members shall use their best offices to ensure that the measures of liberalisation are applied within their overseas territories.
d. Members shall endeavour to extend the measures of liberalisation to all members of the International Monetary Fund.
e. “Member” shall mean a Member of the Organisation which adheres to this Code.
Article 2
MEASURES OF LIBERALISATION
a. Members shall grant any authorisation required for a current invisible operation specified in an item set out in Annex A to this Code.
b. A Member may lodge reservations relating to the obligations resulting from paragraph a) when:
i) an item is added to Annex A to this Code;
ii) obligations relating to an item in that Annex are extended; or
iii) obligations relating to any such item begin to apply to that Member.
Reservations shall be set out in Annex B to this Code.
Article 3
PUBLIC ORDER AND SECURITY
The provisions of this Code shall not prevent a Member from taking action which it considers necessary for:
i) the maintenance of public order or the protection of public health, morals and safety;
ii) the protection of its essential security interests; or
iii) the fulfilment of its obligations relating to international peace and security.
Article 4
OBLIGATIONS IN EXISTING MULTILATERAL INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
Nothing in this Code shall be regarded as altering the obligations undertaken by a Member as a Signatory of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund or other existing multilateral international agreements.
Article 5
CONTROLS AND FORMALITIES
a. The measures of liberalisation provided for in this Code shall not limit the powers of Members to verify the authenticity of current invisible operations nor to take any measures required to prevent evasion of their laws or regulations.
b. Members shall simplify as much as possible all formalities connected with the authorisation or verification of current invisible operations and shall co-operate, if necessary, to attain such simplification.
Article 6
EXECUTION OF TRANSFERS
a. A Member shall be deemed to have complied with its obligations as regards transfers whenever a transfer may be made:
i) between persons entitled, by the exchange regulations of the State from which and of the State to which the transfer is to be made, respectively, to make and/or to receive the said transfer;
ii) in accordance with international agreements in force at the time the transfer is to be made; and
iii) in accordance with the monetary arrangements in force between the State from which and the State to which the transfer is to be made.
b. The provisions of paragraph a) do not preclude Members from demanding payment of maritime freights in the currency of a third State, provided that such a demand is in conformity with established maritime practice.
Article 7
CLAUSES OF DEROGATION
a. If its economic and financial situation justifies such a course, a Member need not take the whole of the measures of liberalisation provided for in Article 2 a).
b. If any measures of liberalisation taken or maintained in accordance with the provisions of Article 2 a) result in serious economic disturbance in the Member State concerned, that Member may withdraw those measures.
c. If the overall balance of payments of a Member develops adversely at a rate and in circumstances, including the state of its monetary reserves, which it considers serious that Member may temporarily suspend the application of measures of liberalisation taken or maintained in accordance with the provisions of Article 2 a).
d. However, a Member invoking paragraph c) shall endeavour to ensure that its measures of liberalisation:
i) cover, twelve months after it has invoked that paragraph, to a reasonable extent, having regard to the need for advancing towards the objective defined in sub-paragraph ii), current invisible operations which the Member must authorise in accordance with Article 2 a) and the authorisation of which it has suspended since it invoked paragraph c), and, in particular current invisible operations relating to tourism if, in whole or in part, their authorisation has been suspended; and
ii) comply, eighteen months after it has invoked that paragraph, with its obligations under Article 2 a).
e. Any Member invoking the provisions of this Article shall do so in such a way as to avoid unnecessary damage which bears especially on the commercial or economic interests of another Member and, in particular, shall avoid any discrimination between other Members.
Article 8
RIGHT TO BENEFIT FROM MEASURES OF LIBERALISATION
Any Member lodging a reservation under Article 2 b) or invoking the provisions of Article 7 shall, nevertheless, benefit from the measures of liberalisation taken by other Members provided it has complied with the procedure laid down in Article 12 or Article 13 as the case may be.
Article 9
NON-DISCRIMINATION
A Member shall not discriminate as between other Members in authorising current invisible operations which are listed in Annex A and which are subject to any degree of liberalisation.
Article 10
EXCEPTIONS TO THE PRINCIPLE OF NON-DISCRIMINATION SPECIAL CUSTOMS OR MONETARY SYSTEMS
Members forming part of a special customs or monetary system may apply to one another in addition to measures of liberalisation taken in accordance with the provisions of Article 2 a) other measures of liberalisation without extending them to other Members. Members forming part of such a system shall inform the Organisation of its membership and those of its provisions which have a bearing on this Code.
PART II
PROCEDURE
Article 11
NOTIFICATION AND INFORMATION FROM MEMBERS
a. Members shall notify the Organisation, within the periods which the latter may determine, of the measures of liberalisation which they have taken and of any other measures which have a bearing on this Code, as well as of any modification of such measures.
b. The Organisation shall consider the notifications submitted to it in accordance with the provisions of paragraph a) with a view to determining whether each Member is complying with its obligations under this Code.
Article 12
NOTIFICATION AND EXAMINATION OF RESERVATIONS LODGED UNDER ARTICLE 2 b)
a. Each Member shall notify the Organisation within a period to be determined by the Organisation, whether it desires to maintain any reservation lodged by it in respect of an item specified in Annex A to this Code, and, if so, state its reasons therefore.
b. The Organisation shall examine each reservation lodged by a Member in respect of an item specified in Annex A to this Code at intervals of not more than eighteen months, unless the Council decides otherwise.
c. The examination provided for in paragraph b) shall be directed to making suitable proposals designed to assist Members to withdraw their reservations.
Article 13
NOTIFICATION AND EXAMINATION OF DEROGATIONS MADE UNDER ARTICLE 7
a. Any Member invoking the provisions of Article 7 shall notify the Organisation forthwith of its action, together with its reasons therefor.
b. The Organisation shall consider the notifications and reasons submitted to it in accordance with the provisions of paragraph a) with a view to determining whether the Member concerned is justified in invoking the provisions of Article 7 and, in particular, whether it is complying with the provisions of paragraph e) of that Article.
c. If the action taken by a Member in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 is not disapproved by the Organisation, that action shall be reconsidered by the Organisation every six months or, subject to the provisions of Article 15, on any other date which the latter may deem appropriate.
d. If, however, in the opinion of a Member other than the one which has invoked Article 7, the circumstances justifying the action taken by the latter in accordance with the provisions of that Article have changed, that other Member may at any time refer to the Organisation for reconsideration of the case at issue.
e. If the action taken by a Member in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs a), b) or c) of Article 7 has not been disapproved by the Organisation, then, if that Member subsequently invokes paragraphs a), b) or c) of Article 7 of the Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements, or, having invoked one paragraph of Article 7 of this Code, invokes another paragraph of that Article, its case shall be reconsidered by the Organisation after six months have elapsed since the date of the previous consideration, or on any other date which the latter may deem appropriate. If another Member claims that the Member in question is failing to carry out its obligations under paragraph e) of Article 7 of this Code or paragraph e) of Article 7 of the Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements, the Organisation shall consider the case without delay.
f. i) If the Organisation, following its consideration in accordance with paragraph b), determines that a Member is not justified in invoking the provisions of Article 7 or is not complying with the provisions of that Article, it shall remain in consultation with the Member concerned, with a view to restoring compliance with the Code.
ii) If, after a reasonable period of time, that Member continues to invoke the provisions of Article 7, the Organisation shall reconsider the matter. If the Organisation is then unable to determine that the Member concerned is justified in invoking the provisions of Article 7 or is complying with the provisions of that Article, the situation of that Member shall be examined at a session of the Council convened by its Chairman for this purpose, unless the Organisation decides on some other procedure.
Article 14
EXAMINATION OF DEROGATIONS MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 7 MEMBERS IN PROCESS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
a. In examining the case of a Member which it considers to be in process of economic development and which has invoked the provisions of Article 7, the Organisation shall have special regard to the effect that the economic development of that Member has upon its ability to carry out its obligations under paragraph a) of Articles 1 and 2.
b. In order to reconcile the obligations of the Member concerned under paragraph a) of Article 2 with the requirements of its economic development, the Organisation may grant that Member a special dispensation from those obligations.
Article 15
SPECIAL REPORT AND EXAMINATION CONCERNING DEROGATIONS MADE UNDER ARTICLE 7
a. A Member invoking the provisions of paragraph c) of Article 7 shall report to the Organisation, within ten months after such invocation, on the measures of liberalisation it has restored or proposes to restore in order to attain the objective determined in sub-paragraph d) i) of Article 7. The Member shall, if it continues to invoke these provisions, report to the Organisation again on the same subject – but with reference to the objective determined in sub-paragraph d) ii) of Article 7 – within sixteen months after such invocation.
b. If the Member considers that it will not be able to attain the objective, it shall indicate its reasons in its report and, in addition, shall state:
i) What internal measures it has taken to restore its economic equilibrium and what results have already been attained; and
ii) What further internal measures it proposes to take and what additional period it considers it will need in order to attain the objectives determined in sub-paragraphs d) i) or d) ii) of Article 7.
c. In cases referred to in paragraph b), the Organisation shall consider within a period of twelve months and, if required, of eighteen months from the date on which the Member invoked the provisions of paragraph c) of Article 7, whether the situation of that Member appears to justify its failure to attain the objective determined in sub-paragraph d) i) or d) ii) of Article 7, and whether the measures taken or envisaged and the period considered by it as necessary for attaining the objective determined, appear acceptable in the light of the objectives of the Organisation in the commercial and financial fields.
d. If a Member invokes the provisions of both paragraph c) of Article 7 of this Code and paragraph c) of Article 7 of the Code of Liberalisation of Capital Movements, the periods of twelve and eighteen months referred to in paragraph c) shall run from the date of the earlier invocation.
e. If, following any of the examinations provided for in paragraph c), the Organisation is unable to approve the arguments advanced by the Member concerned in accordance with the provisions of paragraph b), the situation of that Member shall be examined at a session of the Council convened by its Chairman for this purpose, unless the Organisation decides on some other procedure.
Article 16
REFERENCE TO THE ORGANISATION INTERNAL ARRANGEMENTS
a. If a Member considers that the measures of liberalisation taken or maintained by another Member in accordance with Article 2 a) are frustrated by internal arrangements likely to restrict the possibility of effecting current invisible operations, and if it considers itself to be prejudiced thereby, it may refer to the Organisation.
b. If, following the consideration of a matter referred to it under paragraph a), the Organisation determines that internal arrangements introduced or maintained by the Member concerned have the effect of frustrating its measures of liberalisation, the Organisation may make suitable suggestions with regard to the removal or modification of such arrangements.
Article 17
REFERENCE TO THE ORGANISATION RETENTION, INTRODUCTION OR REINTRODUCTION OF RESTRICTIONS
a. If a Member considers that another Member which has not invoked the provisions of Article 7 has retained, introduced or re-introduced restrictions on current invisible operations, contrary to the provisions of Article 1, paragraph a) of Article 2, or Article 9, and if it considers itself to be prejudiced thereby, it may refer to the Organisation.
b. The fact that the case is under consideration by the Organisation shall not preclude the Member which has referred to the Organisation from entering into bilateral conversations on the matter with the other Member concerned.
PART III
TERMS OF REFERENCE
Article 18
INVESTMENT COMMITTEE GENERAL TASKS
The Investment Committee shall consider all questions concerning the interpretation or implementation of the provisions of this Code or other acts of the Council relating to the liberalisation of current invisible operations and shall report its conclusions thereon to the Council as appropriate.
Article 19
INVESTMENT COMMITTEE SPECIAL TASKS
a. The Investment Committee shall:
i) Determine the periods within which the information provided for in paragraph a) of Article 11 and the reasons provided for in paragraph a) of Article 12 should be notified to the Organisation by the Members concerned;
ii) Subject to paragraph c) of this Article, consider, in conformity with paragraphs b) and c) of Article 12, each reservation notified to the Organisation in accordance with paragraph a) of that Article and make, where appropriate, suitable proposals designed to assist Members to withdraw their reservations;
iii) Determine, in accordance with the provisions of Article 12, the date on which any reservations should be re-examined, if the reservation has not been withdrawn in the meantime;
iv) Consider, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph b) of Article 11, the notifications submitted to the Organisation;
v) Consider reports and references submitted to the Organisation in accordance with the provisions of Article 13 or paragraphs a) and b) of Article 15 where a Member has invoked the provisions of Article 7, or submitted in accordance with the provisions of Article 16 or Article 17;
vi) Determine the date on which the case of a Member which has invoked Article 7 should be reconsidered in accordance with the provisions of paragraph c), paragraph e) or paragraph f) ii) of Article 13;
vii) Transmit to the United States Government, with any comments it considers appropriate, notifications received from Members in accordance with paragraph 2 a) of the Decision in Annex C to the Code; and
viii) Consider information received from the United States Government in accordance with paragraph 2 b) of the Decision in Annex C to the Code.
b. When examining the reservations notified in accordance with the provisions of paragraph a) of Article 12 the Committee may, as it deems fit, consider together either all reservations made by the same Member or all reservations made in respect of the same item specified in Annex A to this Code.
c. The Committee shall, however, not consider any reservations notified to the Organisation in accordance with the provisions of paragraph a) of Article 12 by a Member which, at the time of the examination in respect of the item subject to that reservation, is invoking the provisions of Article 7 or is enjoying a dispensation in accordance with paragraph b) of Article 14.
d. In the cases provided for in sub-paragraphs ii), iv), v) and viii) of paragraph a) the Committee shall report to the Council.
e. The Committee shall, whenever it considers it necessary:
i) Consult other Committees of the Organisation on any questions relating to the liberalisation of current invisible operations; and, in particular,
ii) Request other Committees of the Organisation to give their views on any questions relating to the balance of payments and the state of the monetary reserves of a Member.
PART IV
MISCELLANEOUS
Article 20
TITLE OF DECISION
This Decision, referred to in the present text as the “Code”, shall be known as the “Code of Liberalisation of Current Invisible Operations”.
Article 21
WITHDRAWAL
Any Member may withdraw from the Code by transmitting a notice in writing to the Secretary-General of the Organisation. The withdrawal shall become effective twelve months from the date on which such a notice is received.
Article 22
DEFINITION OF THE UNIT OF ACCOUNT
“Unit of account” shall mean the sum in the national currency of a Member which is equal to a unit of value of special drawing rights as valued by the International Monetary Fund.
KODEKS OECD
O LIBERALIZACIJI KAPITALSKIH TOKOV 2010
PREAMBULA
SVET
ob upoštevanju odstavka d) 2. člena in odstavka a) 5. člena Konvencije o Organizaciji za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj z dne 14. decembra 1960;
ob upoštevanju Kodeksa o liberalizaciji tekočih nevidnih operacij;
ob upoštevanju Statuta Mednarodnega denarnega sklada z dne 27. decembra 1945;
ob upoštevanju Evropskega denarnega sporazuma z dne 5. avgusta 1955 in protokola o začasni uporabi omenjenega sporazuma z istega dne;
ob upoštevanju Poročila Odbora za nevidne transakcije o kodeksih o liberalizaciji tekočih nevidnih operacij in kapitalskih tokov z dne 28. oktobra 1961 ter pripomb Izvršnega odbora k omenjenemu poročilu z dne 8. decembra 1961 [OECD/C(61)37; OECD/C(61)73]
SKLENE:
I. del
ZAVEZE GLEDE KAPITALSKIH TOKOV
1. člen
Splošne zaveze
a. Članice med seboj v skladu z določbami 2. člena postopoma odpravljajo omejitve glede kapitalskih tokov v obsegu, ki je potreben za učinkovito gospodarsko sodelovanje. Ukrepi za odpravljanje takih omejitev so v nadaljevanju imenovani »ukrepi za liberalizacijo«.
b. Članice si zlasti prizadevajo, da bodo:
i) obravnavale vse premoženje v lasti nerezidentov enako ne glede na datum njegovega oblikovanja in
ii) dovolile likvidacijo premoženja v lasti nerezidentov in prenos takega premoženja oziroma izkupička od njegove likvidacije.
c. Članice bi si morale po svojih najboljših močeh prizadevati zagotoviti, da se ukrepi za liberalizacijo uporabljajo na njihovih čezmorskih ozemljih.
d. Članice si prizadevajo razširiti ukrepe za liberalizacijo na vse članice Mednarodnega denarnega sklada.
e. Članice si prizadevajo izogibati se uvedbi kakršnih koli novih deviznih omejitev za kapitalske tokove ali uporabo sredstev v lasti nerezidentov, pa tudi temu, da bi obstoječi predpisi postali bolj omejevalni.
2. člen
Ukrepi za liberalizacijo
a. Članice v skladu z določbami točke iv) odstavka b) izdajo vsa dovoljenja, potrebna za sklenitev ali izvedbo transakcij in za prenose, ki so navedeni v kaki od točk s seznama A ali seznama B priloge A k temu kodeksu.
b. Članica lahko vloži pridržke v zvezi z obveznostmi, ki izhajajo iz odstavka a), kadar:
i) se seznamu A priloge A k temu kodeksu doda točka;
ii) so obveznosti v zvezi s točko z omenjenega seznama razširjene;
iii) se za to članico začnejo uporabljati obveznosti v zvezi s katero koli tako točko ali
iv) kadar koli, če gre za točko s seznama B.
Pridržki se navedejo v prilogi B h kodeksu.
c. Vsakokrat, ko se izkupiček od likvidacije premoženja v lasti nerezidenta sme prenesti, pravica do prenosa zajema kakršno koli povečano vrednost prvotnega premoženja.
d. Kadar koli obstoječi predpisi ali mednarodni sporazumi dovoljujejo posojila med rezidenti različnih članic drugače kakor z izdajanjem domačih trgovalnih vrednostnih papirjev oziroma z uporabo sredstev, katerih prenos je omejen, v državi, v kateri prebiva posojilojemalec, se sme obveznost vračila izraziti ali jamčiti v valuti katere koli od obeh zadevnih članic.
3. člen
Javni red in varnost
Določbe tega kodeksa članici ne preprečujejo sprejetja ukrepov, o katerih meni, da so potrebni za:
i) ohranjanje javnega reda ali varovanje javnega zdravja, morale in varnosti;
ii) varovanje njenih bistvenih varnostnih interesov;
iii) izpolnjevanje njenih obveznosti glede mednarodnega miru in varnosti.
4. člen
Obveznosti iz obstoječih večstranskih mednarodnih sporazumov
Za nobeno določbo tega kodeksa se ne šteje, kakor da spreminja obveznosti, ki jih je članica sprejela kot podpisnica Statuta Mednarodnega denarnega sklada ali drugih obstoječih večstranskih mednarodnih sporazumov.
5. člen
Nadzor in formalnosti
a. Ukrepi za liberalizacijo, določeni v tem kodeksu, ne omejujejo pristojnosti članic, da preverjajo pristnost transakcij ali prenosov oziroma da sprejmejo kakršne koli ukrepe, potrebne za preprečevanje izogibanja njihovim zakonom ali predpisom.
b. Članice kar najbolj poenostavijo vse formalnosti, povezane z dovoljevanjem ali preverjanjem transakcij ali prenosov, in zaradi takega poenostavljanja po potrebi med seboj tudi sodelujejo.
6. člen
Izvršitev prenosov
Šteje se, da je članica izpolnila svoje obveznosti glede prenosov, kadar koli se prenos lahko opravi:
i) med osebami, ki imajo v skladu z deviznimi predpisi države, iz katere se prenos opravi, oziroma države, v katero se opravi, pravico, da ga opravijo in/ali prejmejo;
ii) v skladu z mednarodnimi sporazumi, ki veljajo takrat, ko bi prenos moral biti opravljen, in
iii) v skladu z monetarno ureditvijo, ki velja med državo, iz katere se prenos opravi, in državo, v katero se opravi.
7. člen
Določbe o odstopanju
a. Članici ni treba sprejeti vseh ukrepov za liberalizacijo, določenih v odstavku a) 2. člena, če njen gospodarski in finančni položaj to upravičuje.
b. Če kateri koli od ukrepov za liberalizacijo, ki je bil sprejet ali se ohranja v skladu z določbami odstavka a) 2. člena, povzroči resne gospodarske in finančne motnje v državi članici, ga lahko ta članica umakne.
c. Če se plačilna bilanca članice negativno razvija s stopnjo in v okoliščinah, vključno s stanjem njenih denarnih rezerv, za katere ta članica meni, da so resne, lahko začasno zadrži uporabo ukrepov za liberalizacijo, ki so bili sprejeti ali se ohranjajo v skladu z določbami odstavka a) 2. člena.
d. Vendar pa si članica, ki se sklicuje na odstavek c), prizadeva zagotoviti, da njeni ukrepi za liberalizacijo:
i) dvanajst mesecev po tem, ko se je sklicevala na omenjeni odstavek, v razumni meri ob upoštevanju, da si je treba prizadevati za dosego cilja iz točke ii), zajamejo transakcije in prenose, ki jih mora članica dovoliti v skladu z odstavkom a) 2. člena in glede katerih je dovoljenje zadržala, odkar se je sklicevala na odstavek c), in
ii) so v osemnajstih mesecih, potem ko se je sklicevala na omenjeni odstavek, usklajeni z njenimi obveznostmi iz odstavka a) 2. člena.
e. Katera koli članica, ki se sklicuje na določbe tega člena, to stori tako, da se izogiba nepotrebni škodi, ki bi prizadela zlasti finančne ali gospodarske interese druge članice, še posebej pa vsaki diskriminaciji med drugimi članicami.
8. člen
Upravičenost do ugodnosti ukrepov za liberalizacijo
Vsaka članica, ki vloži pridržek v skladu z odstavkom b) 2. člena ali se sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, je kljub temu upravičena do ugodnosti ukrepov za liberalizacijo, ki jih sprejmejo druge članice, če je upoštevala postopek, določen v 12. oziroma 13. členu.
9. člen
Nediskriminacija
Pri dovoljevanju sklenitve in izvedbe transakcij in prenosov, ki so navedeni v prilogi A in za katere velja kakršna koli stopnja liberalizacije, članica ne diskriminira med drugimi članicami.
10. člen
Izjeme od načela nediskriminacije, posebni carinski ali monetarni sistemi
Članice, ki so del posebnega carinskega ali monetarnega sistema, lahko med seboj poleg ukrepov za liberalizacijo, sprejetih v skladu z določbami odstavka a) 2. člena, uporabljajo še druge ukrepe za liberalizacijo, ne da bi jih razširile na druge članice. Članice, ki so del takega sistema, organizacijo obvestijo o svojem članstvu in tistih določbah, ki vplivajo na ta kodeks.
II. del
POSTOPEK
11. člen
Uradna obvestila in informacije članic
a. Članice v rokih, ki jih določi organizacija, obvestijo organizacijo o ukrepih za liberalizacijo, ki so jih sprejele, in o vseh drugih ukrepih, ki vplivajo na ta kodeks, ter o vseh spremembah takih ukrepov.
b. Članice nemudoma uradno obvestijo organizacijo o vseh primerih, v katerih so na podlagi pojasnila ii) k I. oddelku seznama A priloge A k temu kodeksu uvedle omejitve za posamezne transakcije ali prenose v zvezi z neposrednimi naložbami, in navedejo razloge za to.
c. Članice v časovnih presledkih, ki jih določi organizacija, vendar ne manj kot vsakih osemnajst mesecev, predložijo organizaciji podatke o:
i) vseh poteh, razen o uradnih poteh, po katerih se opravljajo prenosi, in vseh deviznih tečajih, ki se uporabljajo za take prenose, če se razlikujejo od uradnih deviznih tečajev;
ii) vseh denarnih trgih vrednostnih papirjev ter o vseh premijah ali popustih v zvezi z uradnimi deviznimi tečaji, ki na njih prevladujejo.
d. Organizacija preuči uradna obvestila, ki so ji bila predložena v skladu z določbami odstavkov a), b) in c), da bi ugotovila, ali posamezna članica spoštuje svoje obveznosti na podlagi tega kodeksa.
12. člen
Uradno obveščanje o pridržkih, vloženih v skladu z odstavkom b) 2. člena, in njihovo preučevanje
a. Vsaka članica, ki vloži pridržek glede točke, navedene na seznamu B priloge A h kodeksu, nemudoma uradno obvesti organizacijo o svojih razlogih zanj.
b. Vsaka članica v roku, ki ga določi organizacija, uradno obvesti organizacijo, ali želi ohraniti kateri koli pridržek, ki ga je vložila glede točke, navedene na seznamu A ali seznamu B priloge A k temu kodeksu, in če ga, navede tudi razloge zanj.
c. Organizacija preuči vsak pridržek, ki ga članica vloži glede točke, navedene na:
i) seznamu A, v časovnih presledkih, ki ne smejo biti daljši od osemnajst mesecev;
ii) seznamu B, v šestih mesecih po uradnem obvestilu, po tem pa v časovnih presledkih, ki ne smejo biti daljši od osemnajst mesecev, razen če Svet ne odloči drugače.
d. Preučitve, določene v odstavku c), so namenjene oblikovanju ustreznih predlogov, ki naj bi članicam pomagali pri umiku pridržkov.
13. člen
Uradno obveščanje o odstopanjih po 7. členu in njihovo preučevanje
a. Vsaka članica, ki se sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, nemudoma uradno obvesti organizacijo o svojem ukrepu in razlogih zanj.
b. Organizacija preuči uradno obvestilo in razloge, ki so ji bili predloženi v skladu z določbami odstavka a), da bi ugotovila, ali se zadevna članica upravičeno sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, in zlasti, ali spoštuje določbe odstavka e) omenjenega člena.
c. Če organizacija ne nasprotuje ukrepu članice v skladu z določbami 7. člena, ga ponovno preuči vsakih šest mesecev ali v skladu z določbami 15. člena na kateri koli drug datum, za katerega meni, da je primeren.
d. Če pa so se po mnenju članice, ki ni tista, ki se je sklicevala na 7. člen, okoliščine, ki so upravičevale ukrep slednje v skladu z določbami omenjenega člena, spremenile, se lahko ta članica kadar koli obrne na organizacijo glede ponovne preučitve zadevnega primera.
e. Če organizacija ne nasprotuje ukrepu članice v skladu z določbami odstavka a), b) ali c) 7. člena, tedaj organizacija, če se ta članica pozneje sklicuje še na odstavek a), b) ali c) 7. člena Kodeksa o liberalizaciji tekočih nevidnih operacij oziroma če se, potem ko se je sklicevala na enega od odstavkov 7. člena tega kodeksa, sklicuje še na kak drug odstavek omenjenega člena, njen primer ponovno preuči po šestih mesecih od datuma predhodne obravnave ali na kateri koli drug datum, za katerega meni, da je primeren. Če kaka druga članica trdi, da zadevna članica ne izpolnjuje svojih obveznosti po odstavku e) 7. člena tega kodeksa ali odstavku e) 7. člena Kodeksa o liberalizaciji tekočih nevidnih operacij, organizacija primer nemudoma preuči.
f. i) Če organizacija po preučitvi v skladu z odstavkom b) ugotovi, da se članica neupravičeno sklicuje na določbe 7. člena oziroma da ne spoštuje določb omenjenega člena, se z njo še naprej posvetuje, da bi se ponovno zagotovilo spoštovanje kodeksa.
ii) Če se ta članica po razumnem časovnem obdobju še naprej sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, organizacija ponovno preuči zadevo. Če organizacija ne more ugotoviti, ali se zadevna članica upravičeno sklicuje na določbe 7. člena oziroma spoštuje določbe omenjenega člena, se njen položaj preuči na zasedanju Sveta, ki ga njegov predsednik skliče v ta namen, razen če se organizacija ne odloči za kak drug postopek.
14. člen
Preučevanje odstopanj članic na poti gospodarskega razvoja po 7. členu
a. Pri preučevanju primera članice, za katero organizacija meni, da je na poti gospodarskega razvoja, in ki se je sklicevala na določbe 7. člena, organizacija še posebej upošteva učinek, ki ga ima gospodarski razvoj te članice na njeno sposobnost izpolnjevanja obveznosti iz odstavka a) 1. in 2. člena.
b. Da bi organizacija uskladila obveznosti te članice po odstavku a) 2. člena z zahtevami njenega gospodarskega razvoja, ji lahko odobri posebno oprostitev od teh obveznosti.
15. člen
Posebno poročilo o odstopanjih po 7. členu in njihovo preučevanje
a. Članica, ki se sklicuje na določbe odstavka c) 7. člena, v desetih mesecih po takem sklicevanju poroča organizaciji o ukrepih za liberalizacijo, ki jih je ponovno vzpostavila oziroma jih namerava ponovno vzpostaviti, da bi dosegla cilj, določen v točki i) odstavka d) 7. člena. Če se članica še naprej sklicuje na te določbe, organizaciji ponovno poroča o isti zadevi – vendar glede na cilj, določen v točki ii) odstavka d) 7. člena – v šestnajstih mesecih po takem sklicevanju.
b. Če članica meni, da ne bo mogla doseči cilja, v svojem poročilu navede razloge, poleg tega pa še:
i) katere notranje ukrepe je sprejela, da bi ponovno vzpostavila gospodarsko ravnotežje, in katere rezultate je že dosegla, ter
ii) katere nadaljnje notranje ukrepe namerava sprejeti in koliko dodatnega časa bo po svojem mnenju potrebovala za dosego cilja, določenega v točki i) odstavka d) ali točki ii) odstavka d) 7. člena.
c. Organizacija v primerih iz odstavka b) v dvanajstih mesecih in po potrebi osemnajstih mesecih po datumu, ko se je članica sklicevala na določbe odstavka c) 7. člena, preuči, ali se zdi, da položaj te članice upravičuje, da ni dosegla cilja, določenega v točki i) odstavka d) ali točki ii) odstavka d) 7. člena, in ali se sprejeti oziroma nameravani ukrepi in čas, za katerega meni, da je potreben za dosego določenega cilja, zdijo sprejemljivi glede na cilje organizacije na področju trgovine in financ.
d. Če se članica sklicuje na določbe odstavka c) 7. člena tega kodeksa in odstavka c) 7. člena Kodeksa o liberalizaciji tekočih nevidnih operacij, roka dvanajstih in osemnajstih mesecev iz odstavka c) tečeta od datuma zgodnejšega sklicevanja.
e. Če organizacija po eni ali drugi preučitvi iz odstavka c) ne more sprejeti argumentov zadevne članice v skladu z določbami odstavka b), se položaj te članice preuči na zasedanju Sveta, ki ga njegov predsednik skliče v ta namen, razen če se organizacija ne odloči za kak drug postopek.
16. člen
Napotitev na organizacijo, notranje ureditve
a. Če članica meni, da ukrepe za liberalizacijo, ki jih druga članica sprejme ali ohranja v skladu z odstavkom a) 2. člena, otežujejo notranje ureditve, za katere je verjetno, da bodo omejevale možnost izvajanja transakcij ali prenosov, in če meni, da ji take ureditve škodujejo, na primer zaradi njihovega diskriminacijskega učinka, se lahko obrne na organizacijo.
b. Če organizacija po preučitvi zadeve, ki ji je bila predložena v skladu z odstavkom a), ugotovi, da notranje ureditve, ki jih je zadevna članica uvedla ali ohranjala, učinkujejo tako, da otežujejo njene ukrepe za liberalizacijo, lahko da ustrezne predloge za odpravo ali spremembo takih ureditev.
17. člen
Napotitev na organizacijo, ohranjanje, uvajanje ali ponovno uvajanje omejitev
a. Če članica meni, da je druga članica, ki se ni sklicevala na določbe 7. člena, ohranila, uvedla ali ponovno uvedla omejitve glede kapitalskih tokov ali uporabe sredstev v lasti nerezidenta v nasprotju z določbami 1., 2., 9. ali 10. člena, in če meni, da ji to škoduje, se lahko obrne na organizacijo.
b. Dejstvo, da primer preučuje organizacija, ne preprečuje članici, ki se je obrnila na organizacijo, da z drugo članico o tem začne dvostranske pogovore.
III. del
OPIS NALOG
18. člen
Odbor za naložbe – splošne naloge
a. Odbor za naložbe preuči vsa vprašanja o razlagi ali izvajanju določb tega kodeksa ali drugih aktov Sveta, ki se nanašajo liberalizacijo kapitalskih tokov in uporabo sredstev v lasti nerezidenta, ter po potrebi o svojih ugotovitvah poroča Svetu.
b. Odbor za naložbe predloži Svetu vse ustrezne predloge v zvezi s svojimi nalogami, kakor so opredeljene v odstavku a), in zlasti z razširitvijo ukrepov za liberalizacijo, kakor je določeno v 1. členu tega kodeksa.
19. člen
Odbor za naložbe – posebne naloge
a. Odbor za naložbe:
i) določi roke, v katerih mora zadevna članica organizaciji sporočiti informacije iz odstavkov a) in c) 11. člena ter razloge, kakor določa odstavek b) 12. člena;
ii) z upoštevanjem odstavka c) tega člena in v skladu z odstavkoma c) in d) 12. člena preuči vsak pridržek, o katerem je organizacija obveščena v skladu z odstavkoma a) in b) omenjenega člena, ter po potrebi da ustrezne predloge v pomoč članicam pri umiku pridržkov;
iii) v skladu z določbami 12. člena določi datum ponovne preučitve posameznega pridržka, če pridržek medtem ni bil umaknjen;
iv) v skladu z določbami odstavka d) 11. člena preuči uradna obvestila, predložena organizaciji;
v) preuči poročila in navedbe, predložene organizaciji v skladu z določbami 13. člena ali odstavkov a) in b) 15. člena, če se je članica sklicevala na določbe 7. člena, ali predložene v skladu z določbami 16. ali 17. člena;
vi) določi datum, na katerega je treba v skladu z določbami odstavka c), odstavka e) ali točke ii) odstavka f) 13. člena ponovno preučiti primer članice, ki se je sklicevala na 7. člen;
vii) pošlje Vladi Združenih držav uradna obvestila, prejeta od članic v skladu s točko a) 2. odstavka sklepa iz priloge C h kodeksu, skupaj z vsemi pripombami, za katere meni, da so ustrezne, in
viii) preuči informacije, prejete od Vlade Združenih držav v skladu s točko b) 2. odstavka sklepa iz priloge C h kodeksu.
b. Pri preučevanju pridržkov, o katerih je uradno obvestilo dano v skladu z odstavkom b) 12. člena, lahko odbor po lastni presoji preuči skupaj vse pridržke iste članice ali vse pridržke v zvezi z isto točko, navedeno v prilogi A k temu kodeksu.
c. Odbor pa ne preuči pridržka, o katerem je organizacijo v skladu z odstavkom b) 12. člena obvestila članica, ki se v trenutku preučevanja točke, za katero velja omenjeni pridržek, sklicuje na določbe 7. člena ali uživa oprostitev v skladu z odstavkom b) 14. člena.
d. V primerih, določenih v točkah ii), iv) in vii) odstavka a), odbor poroča Svetu, razen kadar gre za uradna obvestila v skladu z odstavkom b) 11. člena, o katerih odbor poroča le, če meni, da je to primerno.
e. Kadar koli odbor meni, da je to potrebno:
i) se posvetuje z drugimi odbori organizacije o vseh vprašanjih v zvezi z liberalizacijo kapitalskih tokov in
ii) jih zlasti prosi za mnenje o vseh vprašanjih v zvezi s plačilno bilanco in stanjem denarnih rezerv članice.
IV. del
RAZNO
20. člen
Pomen izrazov
V tem kodeksu:
i) »članica« pomeni članico organizacije, ki jo ta kodeks zavezuje;
ii) »domači vrednostni papirji« pomenijo vrednostne papirje, ki jih je ali jih bo izdal rezident;
iii) »tuji vrednostni papirji« pomenijo vrednostne papirje, ki jih je ali jih bo izdal nerezident;
iv) »priznani trg vrednostnih papirjev« pomeni borzo ali trg vrednostnih papirjev v državi članici (vključno s prostim trgom (OTC), ki ga organizira priznano združenje trgovalcev z vrednostnimi papirji):
– ki je uradno priznan v državi, v kateri deluje;
– na katerem javnost lahko kupuje in prodaja vrednostne papirje ter
– na katerem se trguje v skladu z določenimi pravili;
v) »vrednostni papirji, ki kotirajo na priznanem trgu vrednostnih papirjev« pomenijo vrednostne papirje, ki so uvrščeni v uradno kotacijo ali uradno kotirajo na takem trgu ali za katere se trgovalne cene na takem trgu objavijo najmanj enkrat na teden;
vi) »promptno« trgovanje z vrednostnimi papirji pomeni trgovanje, pri katerem se plačilo in dobava opravita ob sklenitvi transakcije ali na naslednji redni datum poravnave pri borzi, na kateri se transakcija opravi;
vii) »vrednostni papirji denarnega trga« pomenijo vrednostne papirje s prvotno zapadlostjo manj kot eno leto;
viii) »vrednostni papirji kolektivnih naložb« pomenijo potrdila o deležu, vknjižbe ali druga dokazila o vlagateljevi udeležbi v instituciji za kolektivne naložbe, ki je ne glede na pravno obliko organizirana za upravljanje naložb v vrednostne papirje ali v drugo premoženje, uporablja načelo razpršitve tveganj, svoje lastne vrednostne papirje ponuja javnosti na zahtevo neprekinjeno ali v pogostih časovnih presledkih in mora na zahtevo imetnika posredno ali neposredno odkupiti take vrednostne papirje v določenem roku in po njihovi čisti vrednosti sredstev;
ix) »finančne institucije« pomenijo banke, hranilnice, institucije, ki so specializirane za odobravanje kreditov, zavarovalnice, banke za stanovanjska posojila, investicijska podjetja in druge podobne institucije;
x) »depozit« pomeni denarni znesek, vplačan pod pogoji: a) pod katerimi bo povrnjen z obrestmi ali premijo ali brez in na zahtevo ali v časovnem obdobju ali v okoliščinah, s katerimi soglaša oseba, ki ga vplača ali prejme, ali je soglasje dano po njenem nalogu, in b) ki se ne nanašajo na dobavo blaga ali storitev oziroma dajanje zavarovanja;
xi) »uradne poti« pomenijo devizne trge, na katerih se uporabljajo uradno določen tečaj ali uradno določeni tečaji in na katerih se promptne transakcije opravijo po tečajih, ki prosto nihajo v uradnih mejah;
xii) »blokirana sredstva« pomenijo sredstva, ki jih imajo rezidenti drugih držav članic v lasti v skladu z zakoni in predpisi članice, v kateri se sredstva zadržujejo in so blokirana iz plačilnobilančnih razlogov;
xiii) »obračunska enota« pomeni znesek v domači valuti članice, ki je enaka enoti vrednosti posebnih pravic črpanja, kakor jih vrednoti Mednarodni denarni sklad.
21. člen
Naslov sklepa
Ta sklep, na katerega se v tem besedilu sklicuje kot na kodeks, se imenuje Kodeks o liberalizaciji kapitalskih tokov.
22. člen
Odstop
Vsaka članica lahko od kodeksa odstopi tako, da o tem pisno obvesti generalnega sekretarja organizacije. Odstop začne veljati dvanajst mesecev po datumu prejema takega obvestila.
KODEKS
O LIBERALIZACIJI TEKOČIH NEVIDNIH OPERACIJ 2010
PREAMBULA
SVET
ob upoštevanju odstavka d) 2. člena in odstavka a) 5. člena Konvencije o Organizaciji za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj z dne 14. decembra 1960;
ob upoštevanju Kodeksa o liberalizaciji kapitalskih tokov;
ob upoštevanju Statuta Mednarodnega denarnega sklada z dne 27. decembra 1945;
ob upoštevanju Evropskega denarnega sporazuma z dne 5. avgusta 1955 in protokola o začasni uporabi omenjenega sporazuma z istega dne;
ob upoštevanju Poročila Odbora za nevidne transakcije o kodeksih o liberalizaciji tekočih nevidnih operacij in kapitalskih tokov z dne 28. oktobra 1961 ter Pripomb Izvršnega odbora k omenjenemu poročilu z dne 8. decembra 1961 [OECD/C(61)37; OECD/C(61)73]
SKLENE:
I. DEL
ZAVEZE GLEDE TEKOČIH NEVIDNIH OPERACIJ
1. člen
SPLOŠNE ZAVEZE
a. Članice med seboj v skladu z določbami 2. člena odpravijo omejitve glede tekočih nevidnih transakcij in prenosov, v nadaljevanju imenovanih »tekoče nevidne operacije«. Ukrepi za ta namen so v nadaljevanju imenovani »ukrepi za liberalizacijo«.
b. Kadar določbe tega kodeksa članic ne zavezujejo k izdajanju dovoljenj glede tekočih nevidnih operacij, članice obravnavajo vloge kar najliberalneje.
c. Članice bi si morale po svojih najboljših močeh prizadevati zagotoviti, da se ukrepi za liberalizacijo uporabljajo na njihovih čezmorskih ozemljih.
d. Članice si prizadevajo razširiti ukrepe za liberalizacijo na vse članice Mednarodnega denarnega sklada.
e. »Članica« pomeni članico organizacije, ki jo ta kodeks zavezuje.
2. člen
UKREPI ZA LIBERALIZACIJO
a. Članice izdajo vsa dovoljenja, potrebna za tekočo nevidno operacijo, navedeno v kaki od točk priloge A k temu kodeksu.
b. Članica lahko vloži pridržke v zvezi z obveznostmi, ki izhajajo iz odstavka a), kadar:
i) se prilogi A k temu kodeksu doda točka;
ii) so obveznosti v zvezi s točko iz omenjene priloge razširjene ali
iii) se za to članico začnejo uporabljati obveznosti v zvezi s katero koli tako točko.
Pridržki se navedejo v prilogi B h kodeksu.
3. člen
JAVNI RED IN VARNOST
Določbe tega kodeksa članici ne preprečujejo sprejetja ukrepov, o katerih meni, da so potrebni za:
i) ohranjanje javnega reda ali varovanje javnega zdravja, morale in varnosti;
ii) varovanje njenih bistvenih varnostnih interesov ali
iii) izpolnjevanje njenih obveznosti glede mednarodnega miru in varnosti.
4. člen
OBVEZNOSTI IZ OBSTOJEČIH VEČSTRANSKIH MEDNARODNIH SPORAZUMOV
Za nobeno določbo tega kodeksa se ne šteje, kakor da spreminja obveznosti, ki jih je članica sprejela kot podpisnica Statuta Mednarodnega denarnega sklada ali drugih obstoječih večstranskih mednarodnih sporazumov.
5. člen
NADZOR IN FORMALNOSTI
a. Ukrepi za liberalizacijo, določeni v tem kodeksu, ne omejujejo pristojnosti članic, da preverjajo pristnost tekočih nevidnih operacij oziroma da sprejmejo kakršne koli ukrepe, potrebne za preprečevanje izogibanja njihovim zakonom ali predpisom.
b. Članice kar najbolj poenostavijo vse formalnosti, povezane z dovoljevanjem ali preverjanjem tekočih nevidnih operacij, in zaradi takega poenostavljanja po potrebi med seboj tudi sodelujejo.
6. člen
IZVRŠITEV PRENOSOV
a. Šteje se, da je članica izpolnila svoje obveznosti glede prenosov, kadar koli se prenos lahko opravi:
i) med osebami, ki imajo v skladu z deviznimi predpisi države, iz katere se prenos opravi, oziroma države, v katero se opravi, pravico, da ga opravijo in/ali prejmejo;
ii) v skladu z mednarodnimi sporazumi, ki veljajo takrat, ko bi prenos moral biti opravljen, in
iii) v skladu z monetarno ureditvijo, ki velja med državo, iz katere se prenos opravi, in državo, v katero se opravi.
b. Določbe odstavka a) ne preprečujejo članicam, da bi zahtevale plačilo pomorskih prevoznin v valuti tretje države, če je taka zahteva skladna z uveljavljeno pomorsko prakso.
7. člen
DOLOČBE O ODSTOPANJU
a. Članici ni treba sprejeti vseh ukrepov za liberalizacijo, določenih v odstavku a) 2. člena, če njen gospodarski in finančni položaj to upravičuje.
b. Če kateri koli od ukrepov za liberalizacijo, ki je bil sprejet ali se ohranja v skladu z določbami odstavka a) 2. člena, povzroči resne gospodarske motnje v državi članici, ga lahko ta članica umakne.
c. Če se plačilna bilanca članice negativno razvija s stopnjo in v okoliščinah, vključno s stanjem njenih denarnih rezerv, za katere ta članica meni, da so resne, lahko začasno zadrži uporabo ukrepov za liberalizacijo, ki so bili sprejeti ali se ohranjajo v skladu z določbami odstavka a) 2. člena.
d. Vendar pa si članica, ki se sklicuje na odstavek c), prizadeva zagotoviti, da njeni ukrepi za liberalizacijo:
i) dvanajst mesecev po tem, ko se je sklicevala na omenjeni odstavek, v razumni meri ob upoštevanju, da si je treba prizadevati za dosego cilja iz točke ii), zajamejo tekoče nevidne operacije, ki jih mora članica dovoliti v skladu z odstavkom a) 2. člena in glede katerih je dovoljenje zadržala, odkar se je sklicevala na odstavek c), in zlasti tekoče nevidne operacije v zvezi s turizmom, če je bilo dovoljenje zanje zadržano v celoti ali delno, in
ii) so v osemnajstih mesecih, potem ko se je sklicevala na omenjeni odstavek, usklajeni z njenimi obveznostmi iz odstavka a) 2. člena.
e. Katera koli članica, ki se sklicuje na določbe tega člena, to stori tako, da se izogiba nepotrebni škodi, ki bi prizadela zlasti trgovinske ali gospodarske interese druge članice, še posebej pa vsaki diskriminaciji med drugimi članicami.
8. člen
UPRAVIČENOST DO UGODNOSTI UKREPOV ZA LIBERALIZACIJO
Vsaka članica, ki vloži pridržek v skladu z odstavkom b) 2. člena ali se sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, je kljub temu upravičena do ugodnosti ukrepov za liberalizacijo, ki jih sprejmejo druge članice, če je upoštevala postopek, določen v 12. oziroma 13. členu.
9. člen
NEDISKRIMINACIJA
Pri dovoljevanju tekočih nevidnih operacij, ki so navedene v prilogi A in za katere velja kakršna koli stopnja liberalizacije, članica ne diskriminira med drugimi članicami.
10. člen
IZJEME OD NAČELA NEDISKRIMINACIJE, POSEBNI CARINSKI ALI MONETARNI SISTEMI
Članice, ki so del posebnega carinskega ali monetarnega sistema, lahko med seboj poleg ukrepov za liberalizacijo, sprejetih v skladu z določbami odstavka a) 2. člena, uporabljajo še druge ukrepe za liberalizacijo, ne da bi jih razširile na druge članice. Članice, ki so del takega sistema, organizacijo obvestijo o svojem članstvu in tistih določbah, ki vplivajo na ta kodeks.
II. DEL
POSTOPEK
11. člen
URADNA OBVESTILA IN INFORMACIJE ČLANIC
a. Članice v rokih, ki jih določi organizacija, obvestijo organizacijo o ukrepih za liberalizacijo, ki so jih sprejele, in o vseh drugih ukrepih, ki vplivajo na ta kodeks, ter o vseh spremembah takih ukrepov.
b. Organizacija preuči uradna obvestila, ki so ji bila predložena v skladu z določbami odstavka a), da bi ugotovila, ali posamezna članica spoštuje svoje obveznosti na podlagi tega kodeksa.
12. člen
URADNO OBVEŠČANJE O PRIDRŽKIH, VLOŽENIH V SKLADU Z ODSTAVKOM b) 2. ČLENA, IN NJIHOVO PREUČEVANJE
a. Vsaka članica v roku, ki ga določi organizacija, obvesti organizacijo o tem, ali želi ohraniti kateri koli pridržek, ki ga je vložila v zvezi s točko, navedeno v prilogi A k temu kodeksu, in če to stori, navede tudi razloge za to.
b. Organizacija preuči vsak pridržek, ki ga članica vloži glede točke, navedene v prilogi A k temu kodeksu, v časovnih presledkih, ki ne smejo biti daljši od osemnajst mesecev, razen če Svet ne odloči drugače.
c. Preučitev, določena v odstavku b), je namenjena oblikovanju ustreznih predlogov, ki naj bi članicam pomagali pri umiku pridržkov.
13. člen
URADNO OBVEŠČANJE O ODSTOPANJIH PO 7. ČLENU IN NJIHOVO PREUČEVANJE
a. Vsaka članica, ki se sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, nemudoma uradno obvesti organizacijo o svojem ukrepu in razlogih zanj.
b. Organizacija preuči uradno obvestilo in razloge, ki so ji bili predloženi v skladu z določbami odstavka a), da bi ugotovila, ali se zadevna članica upravičeno sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, in zlasti, ali spoštuje določbe odstavka e) omenjenega člena.
c. Če organizacija ne nasprotuje ukrepu članice v skladu z določbami 7. člena, ga ponovno preuči vsakih šest mesecev ali v skladu z določbami 15. člena na kateri koli drug datum, za katerega meni, da je primeren.
d. Če pa so se po mnenju članice, ki ni tista, ki se je sklicevala na 7. člen, okoliščine, ki so upravičevale ukrep slednje v skladu z določbami omenjenega člena, spremenile, se lahko ta članica kadar koli obrne na organizacijo glede ponovne preučitve zadevnega primera.
e. Če organizacija ne nasprotuje ukrepu članice v skladu z določbami odstavka a), b) ali c) 7. člena, tedaj organizacija, če se ta članica pozneje sklicuje še na odstavek a), b) ali c) 7. člena Kodeksa o liberalizaciji kapitalskih tokov oziroma če se, potem ko se je sklicevala na enega od odstavkov 7. člena tega kodeksa, sklicuje še na kak drug odstavek omenjenega člena, njen primer ponovno preuči po šestih mesecih od datuma predhodne obravnave ali na kateri koli drug datum, za katerega meni, da je primeren. Če kaka druga članica trdi, da zadevna članica ne izpolnjuje svojih obveznosti po odstavku e) 7. člena tega kodeksa ali odstavku e) 7. člena Kodeksa o liberalizaciji kapitalskih tokov, organizacija primer nemudoma preuči.
f. i) Če organizacija po preučitvi v skladu z odstavkom b) ugotovi, da se članica neupravičeno sklicuje na določbe 7. člena oziroma da ne spoštuje določb omenjenega člena, se z njo še naprej posvetuje, da bi se ponovno zagotovilo spoštovanje kodeksa.
ii) Če se ta članica po razumnem časovnem obdobju še naprej sklicuje na določbe 7. člena, organizacija ponovno preuči zadevo. Če organizacija ne more ugotoviti, ali se zadevna članica upravičeno sklicuje na določbe 7. člena oziroma spoštuje določbe omenjenega člena, se njen položaj preuči na zasedanju Sveta, ki ga njegov predsednik skliče v ta namen, razen če se organizacija ne odloči za kak drug postopek.
14. člen
PREUČEVANJE ODSTOPANJ ČLANIC NA POTI GOSPODARSKEGA RAZVOJA PO 7. ČLENU
a. Pri preučevanju primera članice, za katero organizacija meni, da je na poti gospodarskega razvoja, in ki se je sklicevala na določbe 7. člena, organizacija še posebej upošteva učinek, ki ga ima gospodarski razvoj te članice na njeno sposobnost izpolnjevanja obveznosti iz odstavka a) 1. in 2. člena.
b. Da bi organizacija uskladila obveznosti te članice po odstavku a) 2. člena z zahtevami njenega gospodarskega razvoja, ji lahko odobri posebno oprostitev od teh obveznosti.
15. člen
POSEBNO POROČILO O ODSTOPANJIH PO 7. ČLENU IN NJIHOVO PREUČEVANJE
a. Članica, ki se sklicuje na določbe odstavka c) 7. člena, v desetih mesecih po takem sklicevanju poroča organizaciji o ukrepih za liberalizacijo, ki jih je ponovno vzpostavila oziroma jih namerava ponovno vzpostaviti, da bi dosegla cilj, določen v točki i) odstavka d) 7. člena. Če se članica še naprej sklicuje na te določbe, organizaciji ponovno poroča o isti zadevi – vendar glede na cilj, določen v točki ii) odstavka d) 7. člena – v šestnajstih mesecih po takem sklicevanju.
b. Če članica meni, da ne bo mogla doseči cilja, v svojem poročilu navede razloge, poleg tega pa še:
i) katere notranje ukrepe je sprejela, da bi ponovno vzpostavila gospodarsko ravnotežje, in katere rezultate je že dosegla, ter
ii) katere nadaljnje notranje ukrepe namerava sprejeti in koliko dodatnega časa bo po svojem mnenju potrebovala za dosego ciljev, določenih v točki i) odstavka d) ali točki ii) odstavka d) 7. člena.
c. Organizacija v primerih iz odstavka b) v dvanajstih mesecih in po potrebi osemnajstih mesecih po datumu, ko se je članica sklicevala na določbe odstavka c) 7. člena, preuči, ali se zdi, da položaj te članice upravičuje, da ni dosegla cilja, določenega v točki i) odstavka d) ali točki ii) odstavka d) 7. člena, in ali se sprejeti oziroma nameravani ukrepi in čas, za katerega meni, da je potreben za dosego določenega cilja, zdijo sprejemljivi glede na cilje organizacije na področju trgovine in financ.
d. Če se članica sklicuje na določbe odstavka c) 7. člena tega kodeksa in odstavka c) 7. člena Kodeksa o liberalizaciji kapitalskih tokov, roka dvanajstih in osemnajstih mesecev iz odstavka c) tečeta od datuma zgodnejšega sklicevanja.
e. Če organizacija po eni ali drugi preučitvi iz odstavka c) ne more sprejeti argumentov zadevne članice v skladu z določbami odstavka b), se položaj te članice preuči na zasedanju Sveta, ki ga njegov predsednik skliče v ta namen, razen če se organizacija ne odloči za kak drug postopek.
16. člen
NAPOTITEV NA ORGANIZACIJO, NOTRANJE UREDITVE
a. Če članica meni, da ukrepe za liberalizacijo, ki jih druga članica sprejme ali ohranja v skladu z odstavkom a) 2. člena, otežujejo notranje ureditve, za katere je verjetno, da bodo omejevale možnost izvajanja tekočih nevidnih operacij, in če meni, da ji take ureditve škodujejo, se lahko obrne na organizacijo.
b. Če organizacija po preučitvi zadeve, ki ji je bila predložena v skladu z odstavkom a), ugotovi, da notranje ureditve, ki jih je zadevna članica uvedla ali ohranjala, učinkujejo tako, da otežujejo njene ukrepe za liberalizacijo, lahko da ustrezne predloge za odpravo ali spremembo takih ureditev.
17. člen
NAPOTITEV NA ORGANIZACIJO, OHRANJANJE, UVAJANJE ALI PONOVNO UVAJANJE OMEJITEV
a. Če članica meni, da je druga članica, ki se ni sklicevala na določbe 7. člena, ohranila, uvedla ali ponovno uvedla omejitve glede tekočih nevidnih operacij v nasprotju z določbami 1. člena, odstavka a) 2. člena ali 9. člena, in če meni, da ji to škoduje, se lahko obrne na organizacijo.
b. Dejstvo, da primer preučuje organizacija, ne preprečuje članici, ki se je obrnila na organizacijo, da z drugo zadevno članico o tem začne dvostranske pogovore.
III. DEL
OPIS NALOG
18. člen
ODBOR ZA NALOŽBE – SPLOŠNE NALOGE
Odbor za naložbe preuči vsa vprašanja o razlagi ali izvajanju določb tega kodeksa ali drugih aktov Sveta, ki se nanašajo na liberalizacijo tekočih nevidnih operacij, ter po potrebi o svojih ugotovitvah poroča Svetu.
19. člen
ODBOR ZA NALOŽBE – POSEBNE NALOGE
a. Odbor za naložbe:
i) določi roke, v katerih mora zadevna članica organizaciji sporočiti informacije iz odstavka a) 11. člena ter razloge, kakor določa odstavek a) 12. člena;
ii) z upoštevanjem odstavka c) tega člena in v skladu z odstavkoma b) in c) 12. člena preuči vsak pridržek, o katerem je organizacija obveščena v skladu z odstavkom a) omenjenega člena, ter po potrebi da ustrezne predloge v pomoč članicam pri umiku pridržkov;
iii) v skladu z določbami 12. člena določi datum ponovne preučitve posameznega pridržka, če pridržek medtem ni bil umaknjen;
iv) v skladu z določbami odstavka b) 11. člena preuči uradna obvestila, predložena organizaciji;
v) preuči poročila in navedbe, predložene organizaciji v skladu z določbami 13. člena ali odstavkov a) in b) 15. člena, če se je članica sklicevala na določbe 7. člena, ali predložene v skladu z določbami 16. ali 17. člena;
vi) določi datum, na katerega je treba v skladu z določbami odstavka c), odstavka e) ali točke ii) odstavka f) 13. člena ponovno preučiti primer članice, ki se je sklicevala na 7. člen;
vii) pošlje Vladi Združenih držav uradna obvestila, prejeta od članic v skladu s točko a) 2. odstavka sklepa iz priloge C h kodeksu, skupaj z vsemi pripombami, za katere meni, da so ustrezne, in
viii) preuči informacije, prejete od Vlade Združenih držav v skladu s točko b) 2. odstavka sklepa iz priloge C h kodeksu.
b. Pri preučevanju pridržkov, o katerih je uradno obvestilo dano v skladu z odstavkom a) 12. člena, lahko odbor po lastni presoji preuči skupaj vse pridržke iste članice ali vse pridržke v zvezi z isto točko, navedeno v prilogi A k temu kodeksu.
c. Odbor pa ne preuči pridržka, o katerem je organizacijo v skladu z določbami odstavka a) 12. člena obvestila članica, ki se v trenutku preučevanja točke, za katero velja omenjeni pridržek, sklicuje na določbe 7. člena ali uživa oprostitev v skladu z odstavkom b) 14. člena.
d. V primerih, določenih v točkah ii), iv), v) in viii) odstavka a), odbor poroča Svetu.
e. Kadar koli odbor meni, da je to potrebno:
i) se posvetuje z drugimi odbori organizacije o vseh vprašanjih v zvezi z liberalizacijo tekočih nevidnih operacij in
ii) jih zlasti prosi za mnenje o vseh vprašanjih v zvezi s plačilno bilanco in stanjem denarnih rezerv članice.
IV. DEL
RAZNO
20. člen
NASLOV SKLEPA
Ta sklep, na katerega se v tem besedilu sklicuje kot na kodeks, se imenuje Kodeks o liberalizaciji tekočih nevidnih operacij.
21. člen
ODSTOP
Vsaka članica lahko od kodeksa odstopi tako, da o tem pisno obvesti generalnega sekretarja organizacije. Odstop začne veljati dvanajst mesecev po datumu prejema takega obvestila.
22. člen
OPREDELITEV OBRAČUNSKE ENOTE
»Obračunska enota« pomeni znesek v domači valuti članice, ki je enak enoti vrednosti posebnih pravic črpanja, kakor jih vrednoti Mednarodni denarni sklad.
