Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
o razglasitvi Zakona o ratifikaciji Pariškega sporazuma (MPS)
Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Pariškega sporazuma (MPS), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji dne 17. novembra 2016.
Št. 003-02-9/2016-5
Ljubljana, dne 25. novembra 2016
Borut Pahor l.r.
O RATIFIKACIJI PARIŠKEGA SPORAZUMA (MPS)
1. člen
Ratificira se Pariški sporazum, sestavljen 12. decembra 2015 v Parizu.
Besedilo sporazuma se v izvirniku v angleškem in v prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:
The Parties to this Agreement,
Being Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, hereinafter referred to as "the Convention",
Pursuant to the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action established by decision 1/CP. 17 of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention at its seventeenth session,
In pursuit of the objective of the Convention, and being guided by its principles, including the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances,
Recognizing the need for an effective and progressive response to the urgent threat of climate change on the basis of the best available scientific knowledge,
Also recognizing the specific needs and special circumstances of developing country Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, as provided for in the Convention,
Taking full account of the specific needs and special situations of the least developed countries with regard to funding and transfer of technology,
Recognizing that Parties may be affected not only by climate change, but also by the impacts of the measures taken in response to it,
Emphasizing the intrinsic relationship that climate change actions, responses and impacts have with equitable access to sustainable development and eradication of poverty,
Recognizing the fundamental priority of safeguarding food security and ending hunger, and the particular vulnerabilities of food production systems to the adverse impacts of climate change,
Taking into account the imperatives of a just transition of the workforce and the creation of decent work and quality jobs in accordance with nationally defined development priorities,
Acknowledging that climate change is a common concern of humankind, Parties should, when taking action to address climate change, respect, promote and consider their respective obligations on human rights, the right to health, the rights of indigenous peoples, local communities, migrants, children, persons with disabilities and people in vulnerable situations and the right to development, as well as gender equality, empowerment of women and intergenerational equity,
Recognizing the importance of the conservation and enhancement, as appropriate, of sinks and reservoirs of the greenhouse gases referred to in the Convention,
Noting the importance of ensuring the integrity of all ecosystems, including oceans, and the protection of biodiversity, recognized by some cultures as Mother Earth, and noting the importance for some of the concept of "climate justice", when taking action to address climate change,
Affirming the importance of education, training, public awareness, public participation, public access to information and cooperation at all levels on the matters addressed in this Agreement,
Recognizing the importance of the engagements of all levels of government and various actors, in accordance with respective national legislations of Parties, in addressing climate change,
Also recognizing that sustainable lifestyles and sustainable patterns of consumption and production, with developed country Parties taking the lead, play an important role in addressing climate change,
Have agreed as follows:
For the purpose of this Agreement, the definitions contained in Article 1 of the Convention shall apply. In addition:
(a) "Convention" means the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, adopted in New York on 9 May 1992;
(b) "Conference of the Parties" means the Conference of the Parties to the Convention;
(c) "Party" means a Party to this Agreement.
1. This Agreement, in enhancing the implementation of the Convention, including its objective, aims to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty, including by:
(a) Holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change;
(b) Increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten food production; and
(c) Making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development.
2. This Agreement will be implemented to reflect equity and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances.
As nationally determined contributions to the global response to climate change, all Parties are to undertake and communicate ambitious efforts as defined in Articles 4, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 13 with the view to achieving the purpose of this Agreement as set out in Article 2. The efforts of all Parties will represent a progression over time, while recognizing the need to support developing country Parties for the effective implementation of this Agreement.
1. In order to achieve the long-term temperature goal set out in Article 2, Parties aim to reach global peaking of greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible, recognizing that peaking will take longer for developing country Parties, and to undertake rapid reductions thereafter in accordance with best available science, so as to achieve a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of this century, on the basis of equity, and in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty.
2. Each Party shall prepare, communicate and maintain successive nationally determined contributions that it intends to achieve. Parties shall pursue domestic mitigation measures, with the aim of achieving the objectives of such contributions.
3. Each Party's successive nationally determined contribution will represent a progression beyond the Party's then current nationally determined contribution and reflect its highest possible ambition, reflecting its common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances.
4. Developed country Parties should continue taking the lead by undertaking economy-wide absolute emission reduction targets. Developing country Parties should continue enhancing their mitigation efforts, and are encouraged to move over time towards economy-wide emission reduction or limitation targets in the light of different national circumstances.
5. Support shall be provided to developing country Parties for the implementation of this Article, in accordance with Articles 9, 10 and 11, recognizing that enhanced support for developing country Parties will allow for higher ambition in their actions.
6. The least developed countries and small island developing States may prepare and communicate strategies, plans and actions for low greenhouse gas emissions development reflecting their special circumstances.
7. Mitigation co-benefits resulting from Parties' adaptation actions and/or economic diversification plans can contribute to mitigation outcomes under this Article.
8. In communicating their nationally determined contributions, all Parties shall provide the information necessary for clarity, transparency and understanding in accordance with decision 1/CP.21 and any relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
9. Each Party shall communicate a nationally determined contribution every five years in accordance with decision 1/CP.21 and any relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement and be informed by the outcomes of the global stocktake referred to in Article 14.
10. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall consider common time frames for nationally determined contributions at its first session.
11. A Party may at any time adjust its existing nationally determined contribution with a view to enhancing its level of ambition, in accordance with guidance adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
12. Nationally determined contributions communicated by Parties shall be recorded in a public registry maintained by the secretariat.
13. Parties shall account for their nationally determined contributions. In accounting for anthropogenic emissions and removals corresponding to their nationally determined contributions, Parties shall promote environmental integrity, transparency, accuracy, completeness, comparability and consistency, and ensure the avoidance of double counting, in accordance with guidance adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
14. In the context of their nationally determined contributions, when recognizing and implementing mitigation actions with respect to anthropogenic emissions and removals, Parties should take into account, as appropriate, existing methods and guidance under the Convention, in the light of the provisions of paragraph 13 of this Article.
15. Parties shall take into consideration in the implementation of this Agreement the concerns of Parties with economies most affected by the impacts of response measures, particularly developing country Parties.
16. Parties, including regional economic integration organizations and their member States, that have reached an agreement to act jointly under paragraph 2 of this Article shall notify the secretariat of the terms of that agreement, including the emission level allocated to each Party within the relevant time period, when they communicate their nationally determined contributions. The secretariat shall in turn inform the Parties and signatories to the Convention of the terms of that agreement.
17. Each party to such an agreement shall be responsible for its emission level as set out in the agreement referred to in paragraph 16 of this Article in accordance with paragraphs 13 and 14 of this Article and Articles 13 and 15.
18. If Parties acting jointly do so in the framework of, and together with, a regional economic integration organization which is itself a Party to this Agreement, each member State of that regional economic integration organization individually, and together with the regional economic integration organization, shall be responsible for its emission level as set out in the agreement communicated under paragraph 16 of this Article in accordance with paragraphs 13 and 14 of this Article and Articles 13 and 15.
19. All Parties should strive to formulate and communicate long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies, mindful of Article 2 taking into account their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances.
1. Parties should take action to conserve and enhance, as appropriate, sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases as referred to in Article 4, paragraph 1(d), of the Convention, including forests.
2. Parties are encouraged to take action to implement and support, including through results-based payments, the existing framework as set out in related guidance and decisions already agreed under the Convention for: policy approaches and positive incentives for activities relating to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries; and alternative policy approaches, such as joint mitigation and adaptation approaches for the integral and sustainable management of forests, while reaffirming the importance of incentivizing, as appropriate, non-carbon benefits associated with such approaches.
1. Parties recognize that some Parties choose to pursue voluntary cooperation in the implementation of their nationally determined contributions to allow for higher ambition in their mitigation and adaptation actions and to promote sustainable development and environmental integrity.
2. Parties shall, where engaging on a voluntary basis in cooperative approaches that involve the use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes towards nationally determined contributions, promote sustainable development and ensure environmental integrity and transparency, including in governance, and shall apply robust accounting to ensure, inter alia, the avoidance of double counting, consistent with guidance adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
3. The use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes to achieve nationally determined contributions under this Agreement shall be voluntary and authorized by participating Parties.
4. A mechanism to contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and support sustainable development is hereby established under the authority and guidance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement for use by Parties on a voluntary basis. It shall be supervised by a body designated by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement, and shall aim:
(a) To promote the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions while fostering sustainable development;
(b) To incentivize and facilitate participation in the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions by public and private entities authorized by a Party;
(c) To contribute to the reduction of emission levels in the host Party, which will benefit from mitigation activities resulting in emission reductions that can also be used by another Party to fulfil its nationally determined contribution; and
(d) To deliver an overall mitigation in global emissions.
5. Emission reductions resulting from the mechanism referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article shall not be used to demonstrate achievement of the host Party's nationally determined contribution if used by another Party to demonstrate achievement of its nationally determined contribution.
6. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall ensure that a share of the proceeds from activities under the mechanism referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article is used to cover administrative expenses as well as to assist developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change to meet the costs of adaptation.
7. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall adopt rules, modalities and procedures for the mechanism referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article at its first session.
8. Parties recognize the importance of integrated, holistic and balanced non-market approaches being available to Parties to assist in the implementation of their nationally determined contributions, in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in a coordinated and effective manner, including through, inter alia, mitigation, adaptation, finance, technology transfer and capacity-building, as appropriate. These approaches shall aim to:
(a) Promote mitigation and adaptation ambition;
(b) Enhance public and private sector participation in the implementation of nationally determined contributions; and
(c) Enable opportunities for coordination across instruments and relevant institutional arrangements.
9. A framework for non-market approaches to sustainable development is hereby defined to promote the non-market approaches referred to in paragraph 8 of this Article.
1. Parties hereby establish the global goal on adaptation of enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change, with a view to contributing to sustainable development and ensuring an adequate adaptation response in the context of the temperature goal referred to in Article 2.
2. Parties recognize that adaptation is a global challenge faced by all with local, subnational, national, regional and international dimensions, and that it is a key component of and makes a contribution to the long-term global response to climate change to protect people, livelihoods and ecosystems, taking into account the urgent and immediate needs of those developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.
3. The adaptation efforts of developing country Parties shall be recognized, in accordance with the modalities to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement at its first session.
4. Parties recognize that the current need for adaptation is significant and that greater levels of mitigation can reduce the need for additional adaptation efforts, and that greater adaptation needs can involve greater adaptation costs.
5. Parties acknowledge that adaptation action should follow a country-driven, gender-responsive, participatory and fully transparent approach, taking into consideration vulnerable groups, communities and ecosystems, and should be based on and guided by the best available science and, as appropriate, traditional knowledge, knowledge of indigenous peoples and local knowledge systems, with a view to integrating adaptation into relevant socioeconomic and environmental policies and actions, where appropriate.
6. Parties recognize the importance of support for and international cooperation on adaptation efforts and the importance of taking into account the needs of developing country Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change.
7. Parties should strengthen their cooperation on enhancing action on adaptation, taking into account the Cancun Adaptation Framework, including with regard to:
(a) Sharing information, good practices, experiences and lessons learned, including, as appropriate, as these relate to science, planning, policies and implementation in relation to adaptation actions;
(b) Strengthening institutional arrangements, including those under the Convention that serve this Agreement, to support the synthesis of relevant information and knowledge, and the provision of technical support and guidance to Parties;
(c) Strengthening scientific knowledge on climate, including research, systematic observation of the climate system and early warning systems, in a manner that informs climate services and supports decision-making;
(d) Assisting developing country Parties in identifying effective adaptation practices, adaptation needs, priorities, support provided and received for adaptation actions and efforts, and challenges and gaps, in a manner consistent with encouraging good practices; and
(e) Improving the effectiveness and durability of adaptation actions.
8. United Nations specialized organizations and agencies are encouraged to support the efforts of Parties to implement the actions referred to in paragraph 7 of this Article, taking into account the provisions of paragraph 5 of this Article.
9. Each Party shall, as appropriate, engage in adaptation planning processes and the implementation of actions, including the development or enhancement of relevant plans, policies and/or contributions, which may include:
(a) The implementation of adaptation actions, undertakings and/or efforts;
(b) The process to formulate and implement national adaptation plans;
(c) The assessment of climate change impacts and vulnerability, with a view to formulating nationally determined prioritized actions, taking into account vulnerable people, places and ecosystems;
(d) Monitoring and evaluating and learning from adaptation plans, policies, programmes and actions; and
(e) Building the resilience of socioeconomic and ecological systems, including through economic diversification and sustainable management of natural resources.
10. Each Party should, as appropriate, submit and update periodically an adaptation communication, which may include its priorities, implementation and support needs, plans and actions, without creating any additional burden for developing country Parties.
11. The adaptation communication referred to in paragraph 10 of this Article shall be, as appropriate, submitted and updated periodically, as a component of or in conjunction with other communications or documents, including a national adaptation plan, a nationally determined contribution as referred to in Article 4, paragraph 2, and/or a national communication.
12. The adaptation communications referred to in paragraph 10 of this Article shall be recorded in a public registry maintained by the secretariat.
13. Continuous and enhanced international support shall be provided to developing country Parties for the implementation of paragraphs 7, 9, 10 and 11 of this Article, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 9, 10 and 11.
14. The global stocktake referred to in Article 14 shall, inter alia:
(a) Recognize adaptation efforts of developing country Parties;
(b) Enhance the implementation of adaptation action taking into account the adaptation communication referred to in paragraph 10 of this Article;
(c) Review the adequacy and effectiveness of adaptation and support provided for adaptation; and
(d) Review the overall progress made in achieving the global goal on adaptation referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article.
1. Parties recognize the importance of averting, minimizing and addressing loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change, including extreme weather events and slow onset events, and the role of sustainable development in reducing the risk of loss and damage.
2. The Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage associated with Climate Change Impacts shall be subject to the authority and guidance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement and may be enhanced and strengthened, as determined by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
3. Parties should enhance understanding, action and support, including through the Warsaw International Mechanism, as appropriate, on a cooperative and facilitative basis with respect to loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change.
4. Accordingly, areas of cooperation and facilitation to enhance understanding, action and support may include:
(a) Early warning systems;
(b) Emergency preparedness;
(c) Slow onset events;
(d) Events that may involve irreversible and permanent loss and damage;
(e) Comprehensive risk assessment and management;
(f) Risk insurance facilities, climate risk pooling and other insurance solutions;
(g) Non-economic losses; and
(h) Resilience of communities, livelihoods and ecosystems.
5. The Warsaw International Mechanism shall collaborate with existing bodies and expert groups under the Agreement, as well as relevant organizations and expert bodies outside the Agreement.
1. Developed country Parties shall provide financial resources to assist developing country Parties with respect to both mitigation and adaptation in continuation of their existing obligations under the Convention.
2. Other Parties are encouraged to provide or continue to provide such support voluntarily.
3. As part of a global effort, developed country Parties should continue to take the lead in mobilizing climate finance from a wide variety of sources, instruments and channels, noting the significant role of public funds, through a variety of actions, including supporting country-driven strategies, and taking into account the needs and priorities of developing country Parties. Such mobilization of climate finance should represent a progression beyond previous efforts.
4. The provision of scaled-up financial resources should aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation, taking into account country-driven strategies, and the priorities and needs of developing country Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change and have significant capacity constraints, such as the least developed countries and small island developing States, considering the need for public and grant-based resources for adaptation.
5. Developed country Parties shall biennially communicate indicative quantitative and qualitative information related to paragraphs 1 and 3 of this Article, as applicable, including, as available, projected levels of public financial resources to be provided to developing country Parties. Other Parties providing resources are encouraged to communicate biennially such information on a voluntary basis.
6. The global stocktake referred to in Article 14 shall take into account the relevant information provided by developed country Parties and/or Agreement bodies on efforts related to climate finance.
7. Developed country Parties shall provide transparent and consistent information on support for developing country Parties provided and mobilized through public interventions biennially in accordance with the modalities, procedures and guidelines to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement, at its first session, as stipulated in Article 13, paragraph 13. Other Parties are encouraged to do so.
8. The Financial Mechanism of the Convention, including its operating entities, shall serve as the financial mechanism of this Agreement.
9. The institutions serving this Agreement, including the operating entities of the Financial Mechanism of the Convention, shall aim to ensure efficient access to financial resources through simplified approval procedures and enhanced readiness support for developing country Parties, in particular for the least developed countries and small island developing States, in the context of their national climate strategies and plans.
1. Parties share a long-term vision on the importance of fully realizing technology development and transfer in order to improve resilience to climate change and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
2. Parties, noting the importance of technology for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation actions under this Agreement and recognizing existing technology deployment and dissemination efforts, shall strengthen cooperative action on technology development and transfer.
3. The Technology Mechanism established under the Convention shall serve this Agreement.
4. A technology framework is hereby established to provide overarching guidance to the work of the Technology Mechanism in promoting and facilitating enhanced action on technology development and transfer in order to support the implementation of this Agreement, in pursuit of the long-term vision referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article.
5. Accelerating, encouraging and enabling innovation is critical for an effective, longterm global response to climate change and promoting economic growth and sustainable development. Such effort shall be, as appropriate, supported, including by the Technology Mechanism and, through financial means, by the Financial Mechanism of the Convention, for collaborative approaches to research and development, and facilitating access to technology, in particular for early stages of the technology cycle, to developing country Parties.
6. Support, including financial support, shall be provided to developing country Parties for the implementation of this Article, including for strengthening cooperative action on technology development and transfer at different stages of the technology cycle, with a view to achieving a balance between support for mitigation and adaptation. The global stocktake referred to in Article 14 shall take into account available information on efforts related to support on technology development and transfer for developing country Parties.
1. Capacity-building under this Agreement should enhance the capacity and ability of developing country Parties, in particular countries with the least capacity, such as the least developed countries, and those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, such as small island developing States, to take effective climate change action, including, inter alia, to implement adaptation and mitigation actions, and should facilitate technology development, dissemination and deployment, access to climate finance, relevant aspects of education, training and public awareness, and the transparent, timely and accurate communication of information.
2. Capacity-building should be country-driven, based on and responsive to national needs, and foster country ownership of Parties, in particular, for developing country Parties, including at the national, subnational and local levels. Capacity-building should be guided by lessons learned, including those from capacity-building activities under the Convention, and should be an effective, iterative process that is participatory, cross-cutting and gender-responsive.
3. All Parties should cooperate to enhance the capacity of developing country Parties to implement this Agreement. Developed country Parties should enhance support for capacity-building actions in developing country Parties.
4. All Parties enhancing the capacity of developing country Parties to implement this Agreement, including through regional, bilateral and multilateral approaches, shall regularly communicate on these actions or measures on capacity-building. Developing country Parties should regularly communicate progress made on implementing capacity-building plans, policies, actions or measures to implement this Agreement.
5. Capacity-building activities shall be enhanced through appropriate institutional arrangements to support the implementation of this Agreement, including the appropriate institutional arrangements established under the Convention that serve this Agreement. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall, at its first session, consider and adopt a decision on the initial institutional arrangements for capacity-building.
Parties shall cooperate in taking measures, as appropriate, to enhance climate change education, training, public awareness, public participation and public access to information, recognizing the importance of these steps with respect to enhancing actions under this Agreement.
1. In order to build mutual trust and confidence and to promote effective implementation, an enhanced transparency framework for action and support, with built-in flexibility which takes into account Parties' different capacities and builds upon collective experience is hereby established.
2. The transparency framework shall provide flexibility in the implementation of the provisions of this Article to those developing country Parties that need it in the light of their capacities. The modalities, procedures and guidelines referred to in paragraph 13 of this Article shall reflect such flexibility.
3. The transparency framework shall build on and enhance the transparency arrangements under the Convention, recognizing the special circumstances of the least developed countries and small island developing States, and be implemented in a facilitative, non-intrusive, non-punitive manner, respectful of national sovereignty, and avoid placing undue burden on Parties.
4. The transparency arrangements under the Convention, including national communications, biennial reports and biennial update reports, international assessment and review and international consultation and analysis, shall form part of the experience drawn upon for the development of the modalities, procedures and guidelines under paragraph 13 of this Article.
5. The purpose of the framework for transparency of action is to provide a clear understanding of climate change action in the light of the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2, including clarity and tracking of progress towards achieving Parties' individual nationally determined contributions under Article 4, and Parties' adaptation actions under Article 7, including good practices, priorities, needs and gaps, to inform the global stocktake under Article 14.
6. The purpose of the framework for transparency of support is to provide clarity on support provided and received by relevant individual Parties in the context of climate change actions under Articles 4, 7, 9, 10 and 11, and, to the extent possible, to provide a full overview of aggregate financial support provided, to inform the global stocktake under Article 14.
7. Each Party shall regularly provide the following information:
(a) A national inventory report of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases, prepared using good practice methodologies accepted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement; and
(b) Information necessary to track progress made in implementing and achieving its nationally determined contribution under Article 4.
8. Each Party should also provide information related to climate change impacts and adaptation under Article 7, as appropriate.
9. Developed country Parties shall, and other Parties that provide support should, provide information on financial, technology transfer and capacity-building support provided to developing country Parties under Articles 9, 10 and 11.
10. Developing country Parties should provide information on financial, technology transfer and capacity-building support needed and received under Articles 9, 10 and 11.
11. Information submitted by each Party under paragraphs 7 and 9 of this Article shall undergo a technical expert review, in accordance with decision 1/CP.21. For those developing country Parties that need it in the light of their capacities, the review process shall include assistance in identifying capacity-building needs. In addition, each Party shall participate in a facilitative, multilateral consideration of progress with respect to efforts under Article 9, and its respective implementation and achievement of its nationally determined contribution.
12. The technical expert review under this paragraph shall consist of a consideration of the Party's support provided, as relevant, and its implementation and achievement of its nationally determined contribution. The review shall also identify areas of improvement for the Party, and include a review of the consistency of the information with the modalities, procedures and guidelines referred to in paragraph 13 of this Article, taking into account the flexibility accorded to the Party under paragraph 2 of this Article. The review shall pay particular attention to the respective national capabilities and circumstances of developing country Parties.
13. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall, at its first session, building on experience from the arrangements related to transparency under the Convention, and elaborating on the provisions in this Article, adopt common modalities, procedures and guidelines, as appropriate, for the transparency of action and support.
14. Support shall be provided to developing countries for the implementation of this Article.
15. Support shall also be provided for the building of transparency-related capacity of developing country Parties on a continuous basis.
1. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall periodically take stock of the implementation of this Agreement to assess the collective progress towards achieving the purpose of this Agreement and its long-term goals (referred to as the "global stocktake"). It shall do so in a comprehensive and facilitative manner, considering mitigation, adaptation and the means of implementation and support, and in the light of equity and the best available science.
2. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall undertake its first global stocktake in 2023 and every five years thereafter unless otherwise decided by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
3. The outcome of the global stocktake shall inform Parties in updating and enhancing, in a nationally determined manner, their actions and support in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Agreement, as well as in enhancing international cooperation for climate action.
1. A mechanism to facilitate implementation of and promote compliance with the provisions of this Agreement is hereby established.
2. The mechanism referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall consist of a committee that shall be expert-based and facilitative in nature and function in a manner that is transparent, non-adversarial and non-punitive. The committee shall pay particular attention to the respective national capabilities and circumstances of Parties.
3. The committee shall operate under the modalities and procedures adopted by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement at its first session and report annually to the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
1. The Conference of the Parties, the supreme body of the Convention, shall serve as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
2. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to this Agreement may participate as observers in the proceedings of any session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement, decisions under this Agreement shall be taken only by those that are Parties to this Agreement.
3. When the Conference of the Parties serves as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement, any member of the Bureau of the Conference of the Parties representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a Party to this Agreement, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Agreement.
4. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall keep under regular review the implementation of this Agreement and shall make, within its mandate, the decisions necessary to promote its effective implementation. It shall perform the functions assigned to it by this Agreement and shall:
(a) Establish such subsidiary bodies as deemed necessary for the implementation of this Agreement; and
(b) Exercise such other functions as may be required for the implementation of this Agreement.
5. The rules of procedure of the Conference of the Parties and the financial procedures applied under the Convention shall be applied mutatis mutandis under this Agreement, except as may be otherwise decided by consensus by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
6. The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall be convened by the secretariat in conjunction with the first session of the Conference of the Parties that is scheduled after the date of entry into force of this Agreement. Subsequent ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall be held in conjunction with ordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties, unless otherwise decided by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
7. Extraordinary sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall be held at such other times as may be deemed necessary by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to the Parties by the secretariat, it is supported by at least one third of the Parties.
8. The United Nations and its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency, as well as any State member thereof or observers thereto not party to the Convention, may be represented at sessions of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement as observers. Any body or agency, whether national or international, governmental or non-governmental, which is qualified in matters covered by this Agreement and which has informed the secretariat of its wish to be represented at a session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement as an observer, may be so admitted unless at least one third of the Parties present object. The admission and participation of observers shall be subject to the rules of procedure referred to in paragraph 5 of this Article.
1. The secretariat established by Article 8 of the Convention shall serve as the secretariat of this Agreement.
2. Article 8, paragraph 2, of the Convention on the functions of the secretariat, and Article 8, paragraph 3, of the Convention, on the arrangements made for the functioning of the secretariat, shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Agreement. The secretariat shall, in addition, exercise the functions assigned to it under this Agreement and by the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement.
1. The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention shall serve, respectively, as the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Agreement. The provisions of the Convention relating to the functioning of these two bodies shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Agreement. Sessions of the meetings of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of this Agreement shall be held in conjunction with the meetings of, respectively, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of the Convention.
2. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to this Agreement may participate as observers in the proceedings of any session of the subsidiary bodies. When the subsidiarybodies serve as the subsidiary bodies of this Agreement, decisions under this Agreement shall be taken only by those that are Parties to this Agreement.
3. When the subsidiary bodies established by Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention exercise their functions with regard to matters concerning this Agreement, any member of the bureaux of those subsidiary bodies representing a Party to the Convention but, at that time, not a Party to this Agreement, shall be replaced by an additional member to be elected by and from amongst the Parties to this Agreement.
1. Subsidiary bodies or other institutional arrangements established by or under the Convention, other than those referred to in this Agreement, shall serve this Agreement upon a decision of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement shall specify the functions to be exercised by such subsidiary bodies or arrangements.
2. The Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Agreement may provide further guidance to such subsidiary bodies and institutional arrangements.
1. This Agreement shall be open for signature and subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and regional economic integration organizations that are Parties to the Convention. It shall be open for signature at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 22 April 2016 to 21 April 2017. Thereafter, this Agreement shall be open for accession from the day following the date on which it is closed for signature. Instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the Depositary.
2. Any regional economic integration organization that becomes a Party to this Agreement without any of its member States being a Party shall be bound by all the obligations under this Agreement. In the case of regional economic integration organizations with one or more member States that are Parties to this Agreement, the organization and its member States shall decide on their respective responsibilities for the performance of their obligations under this Agreement. In such cases, the organization and the member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under this Agreement concurrently.
3. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Agreement. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary, who shall in turn inform the Parties, of any substantial modification in the extent of their competence.
1. This Agreement shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date on which at least 55 Parties to the Convention accounting in total for at least an estimated 55 per cent of the total global greenhouse gas emissions have deposited their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
2. Solely for the limited purpose of paragraph 1 of this Article, "total global greenhouse gas emissions" means the most up-to-date amount communicated on or before the date of adoption of this Agreement by the Parties to the Convention.
3. For each State or regional economic integration organization that ratifies, accepts or approves this Agreement or accedes thereto after the conditions set out in paragraph 1 of this Article for entry into force have been fulfilled, this Agreement shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit by such State or regional economic integration organization of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
4. For the purposes of paragraph 1 of this Article, any instrument deposited by a regional economic integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by its member States.
The provisions of Article 15 of the Convention on the adoption of amendments to the Convention shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Agreement.
1. The provisions of Article 16 of the Convention on the adoption and amendment of annexes to the Convention shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Agreement.
2. Annexes to this Agreement shall form an integral part thereof and, unless otherwise expressly provided for, a reference to this Agreement constitutes at the same time a reference to any annexes thereto. Such annexes shall be restricted to lists, forms and any other material of a descriptive nature that is of a scientific, technical, procedural or administrative character.
The provisions of Article 14 of the Convention on settlement of disputes shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Agreement.
1. Each Party shall have one vote, except as provided for in paragraph 2 of this Article.
2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States that are Parties to this Agreement. Such an organization shall not exercise its right to vote if any of its member States exercises its right, and vice versa.
The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the Depositary of this Agreement.
No reservations may be made to this Agreement.
1. At any time after three years from the date on which this Agreement has entered into force for a Party, that Party may withdraw from this Agreement by giving written notification to the Depositary.
2. Any such withdrawal shall take effect upon expiry of one year from the date of receipt by the Depositary of the notification of withdrawal, or on such later date as may be specified in the notification of withdrawal.
3. Any Party that withdraws from the Convention shall be considered as also having withdrawn from this Agreement.
The original of this Agreement, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
DONE at Paris this twelfth day of December two thousand and fifteen.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized to that effect, have signed this Agreement.
Pogodbenice tega sporazuma,
ki so pogodbenice Okvirne konvencije Združenih narodov o spremembi podnebja (v nadaljnjem besedilu: konvencija),
skladno z Durbansko platformo za okrepljene ukrepe, ki je bila na podlagi sklepa 1/CP.17 sprejeta na sedemnajstem zasedanju Konference pogodbenic konvencije,
za uresničitev cilja konvencije in delujoč skladno z njenimi načeli, tudi z načelom pravičnosti ter skupne, vendar različne odgovornosti in posamičnih zmožnosti, ob upoštevanju značilnih razmer v posameznih državah,
ob priznavanju potrebe po učinkovitem in postopnem odzivu na resno grožnjo podnebnih sprememb, na podlagi najboljših razpoložljivih znanstvenih dognanj,
ob hkratnem priznavanju značilnih potreb in razmer v pogodbenicah v razvoju, zlasti tistih, ki so posebej izpostavljene škodljivim učinkom podnebnih sprememb, kakor določa konvencija,
ob popolnem upoštevanju značilnih potreb in razmer v najmanj razvitih državah glede financiranja in prenosa tehnologije,
ob priznavanju, da so lahko pogodbenice izpostavljene škodljivim učinkom ne le podnebnih sprememb, temveč tudi ukrepov v odziv nanje,
ob poudarjanju soodvisnosti ukrepov proti podnebnim spremembam, odziva nanje in njihovih učinkov ter enakopravnih možnosti za trajnostni razvoj in izkoreninjenjem revščine,
ob priznavanju osnovne prednostne naloge, ohraniti prehransko varnost in odpraviti lakoto, ter izjemne občutljivosti sistemov pridelave hrane za škodljive učinke podnebnih sprememb,
ob upoštevanju nujnosti pravičnega prehoda delovne sile ter zagotavljanja dostojnega dela in kakovostnih delovnih mest skladno z razvojnimi prednostnimi nalogami posameznih držav,
ob zavedanju, da so podnebne spremembe skupna skrb človeštva, bi morale pogodbenice v boju proti njim spoštovati, spodbujati in upoštevati obveznosti glede človekovih pravic, pravico do zdravja, pravice domorodnih ljudstev, lokalnih skupnosti, migrantov, otrok, invalidov in ljudi, ki živijo v težkih razmerah, in pravico do razvoja ter enakost spolov, krepitev vloge žensk in medgeneracijsko pravičnost,
ob priznavanju pomena ohranjanja in po potrebi povečanja zmogljivosti ponorov in zbiralnikov toplogrednih plinov, navedenih v konvenciji,
ob zavedanju, da je nujno poskrbeti za celovitost vseh ekosistemov, z oceani vred, in varovati biotsko raznovrstnost, ki jo nekatere kulture imenujejo mati Zemlja, ter ob zavedanju pomena, ki ga v boju proti podnebnim spremembam nekateri pripisujejo „podnebni pravičnosti“,
ob potrditvi pomena izobraževanja, usposabljanja, ozaveščanja in udeležbe javnosti, dostopa javnosti do informacij ter sodelovanja pri zadevah, ki jih obravnava sporazum, na vseh ravneh,
ob priznavanju pomena vključenosti organov oblasti na vseh ravneh in različnih akterjev v boj proti podnebnim spremembam, skladno z notranjo zakonodajo pogodbenic,
ob hkratnem priznavanju, da imajo trajnostni način življenja ter vzorci proizvodnje in porabe pomembno vlogo v boju proti podnebnim spremembam, z razvitimi pogodbenicami na čelu,
so se dogovorile:
Za namen tega sporazuma se uporabljajo opredelitve pojmov iz 1. člena konvencije. Poleg tega:
(a) „konvencija“ pomeni Okvirno konvencijo Združenih narodov o spremembi podnebja, sprejeto v New Yorku 9. maja 1992;
(b) „Konferenca pogodbenic“ pomeni Konferenco pogodbenic konvencije;
(c) „pogodbenica“ pomeni pogodbenico tega sporazuma.
1. Sporazum je kot prispevek k izvajanju konvencije, tudi k uresničevanju njenega cilja, namenjen krepitvi svetovnega odziva na grožnje, ki jih prinašajo podnebne spremembe, v okviru trajnostnega razvoja in prizadevanj za odpravo revščine, med drugim:
(a) z ohranitvijo dviga povprečne globalne temperature občutno pod 2 °C v primerjavi s predindustrijsko dobo in prizadevanji, da se dvig temperature omeji na 1,5 °C v primerjavi s predindustrijsko dobo, saj bi se tako občutno zmanjšali tveganja in učinki podnebnih sprememb;
(b) s krepitvijo sposobnosti za prilagajanje na škodljive učinke podnebnih sprememb in odpornosti proti podnebnim spremembam ter spodbujanjem razvoja družbe z nizkimi emisijami toplogrednih plinov, ne da bi to ogrozilo pridelavo hrane;
(c) z uskladitvijo finančnih tokov z razvojem, usmerjenim v zmanjšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov in večjo odpornost proti podnebnim spremembam.
2. Sporazum se bo izvajal v duhu pravičnosti in ob upoštevanju načela skupne, vendar različne odgovornosti in posamičnih zmožnosti, ob upoštevanju značilnih razmer v posameznih državah.
Vse pogodbenice si morajo za uresničevanje namena sporazuma iz 2. člena v skladu s 4., 7., 9., 10., 11. in 13. členom zastaviti in sporočiti smele zaveze kot nacionalno določen prispevek k svetovnemu odzivu na podnebne spremembe. Zaveze vseh pogodbenic se bodo v prihodnje povečevale, pri čemer pa bo treba pogodbenicam v razvoju pomagati, da bi lahko sporazum uspešno izvajale.
1. Da bi dosegli dolgoročni cilj glede dviga temperature iz 2. člena, si pogodbenice prizadevajo čim prej doseči najvišjo skupno raven emisij toplogrednih plinov, pri čemer se zavedajo, da bodo pogodbenice v razvoju za to potrebovale več časa; nato si bodo prizadevale za naglo zmanjševanje teh emisij skladno z najboljšimi razpoložljivimi znanstvenimi dognanji, da bi v drugi polovici tega stoletja dosegli ravnovesje med emisijami toplogrednih plinov iz antropogenih virov in njihovim zajemanjem v ponore, in sicer na podlagi pravičnosti ter v okviru trajnostnega razvoja in prizadevanj za odpravo revščine.
2. Vsaka pogodbenica redno pripravlja, sporoča in posodablja nacionalno določeni prispevek, ki ga namerava doseči. Pogodbenice izvajajo notranje ukrepe za blaženje podnebnih sprememb, da bi dosegle cilje svojih prispevkov.
3. Vsak naslednji nacionalno določeni prispevek pogodbenice bo pomenil napredek v primerjavi s prejšnjim; za cilj si bo zastavil najbolj smelo raven, ki jo država lahko doseže ter je odsev njene skupne, vendar različne odgovornosti in posamičnih zmožnosti, ob upoštevanju značilnih razmer v posameznih državah.
4. Razvite pogodbenice naj ohranijo vodilno vlogo, in sicer z določitvijo ciljev zmanjšanja emisij v absolutnih vrednostih za celotno gospodarstvo. Pogodbenice v razvoju naj še naprej krepijo prizadevanja za blaženje podnebnih sprememb; hkrati naj si prizadevajo sčasoma določiti cilje zmanjšanja ali omejitve emisij za celotno gospodarstvo, ob upoštevanju značilnih razmer v posameznih državah.
5. Pogodbenice v razvoju bodo skladno z 9., 10. in 11. členom deležne pomoči pri izvajanju tega člena, saj si bodo z večjo pomočjo lahko zastavile višje cilje.
6. Najmanj razvite države in male otoške države v razvoju lahko pripravijo in sporočijo strategije, načrte in ukrepe za razvoj, usmerjen v družbo z nizkimi emisijami toplogrednih plinov, ki odsevajo njihove posebne značilnosti.
7. Ukrepi pogodbenic za prilagajanje podnebnim spremembam in diverzifikacija gospodarstva prinašajo dodatne koristi, ki lahko okrepijo učinek blaženja iz tega člena.
8. Pri sporočanju nacionalno določenega prispevka vse pogodbenice predložijo informacije, potrebne za zagotovitev jasnosti, preglednosti in razumljivosti, skladno s sklepom 1/CP.21 in vsemi ustreznimi sklepi Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
9. Vsaka pogodbenica nacionalno določeni prispevek sporoči vsakih pet let, skladno s sklepom 1/CP.21 in vsemi ustreznimi sklepi Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma, ob upoštevanju svetovnega pregleda iz 14. člena.
10. Na prvem zasedanju Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma se določijo skupni časovni okviri za nacionalno določene prispevke.
11. Pogodbenica lahko svoj trenutni nacionalno določeni prispevek kadar koli spremeni in si zastavi višje cilje, skladno z usmeritvami, ki jih sprejme Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
12. Nacionalno določeni prispevki pogodbenic se vnesejo v javni register, ki ga vodi sekretariat.
13. Pogodbenice so odgovorne za nacionalno določene prispevke. Pri poročanju o antropogenih emisijah in zajemanju v skladu z nacionalno določenim prispevkom si prizadevajo za okoljsko celovitost, preglednost, točnost, popolnost, primerljivost in doslednost ter se izogibajo dvojnemu obračunavanju skladno z usmeritvami, ki jih sprejme Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
14. V zvezi z nacionalno določenimi prispevki naj pogodbenice pri opredeljevanju in izvajanju ukrepov za zmanjšanje antropogenih emisij in zajemanje po možnosti upoštevajo obstoječe metode in usmeritve po konvenciji, ob upoštevanju določb trinajstega odstavka tega člena.
15. Pogodbenice pri izvajanju sporazuma upoštevajo pomisleke pogodbenic, katerih gospodarstva bodo odzivni ukrepi najbolj prizadeli, zlasti pogodbenic v razvoju.
16. Pogodbenice, skupaj z regionalnimi organizacijami za gospodarsko povezovanje in njihovimi državami članicami, ki so se dogovorile za skupno ukrepanje skladno z drugim odstavkom tega člena, pri poročanju o svojem nacionalno določenem prispevku sekretariat obvestijo o vsebini dogovora, tudi o ravni emisij, dodeljeni vsaki od pogodbenic za ustrezno obdobje. Sekretariat z vsebino dogovora seznani pogodbenice in podpisnice konvencije.
17. Vsaka udeleženka dogovora je odgovorna za svojo raven emisij, določeno v dogovoru iz šestnajstega odstavka tega člena v skladu s trinajstim in štirinajstim odstavkom tega člena ter 13. in 15. členom.
18. Če se pogodbenice odločijo za skupno ukrepanje in to počnejo v okviru regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko povezovanje, ki je tudi sama pogodbenica sporazuma, in skupaj z njo, je vsaka od držav članic posamično in skupaj s to organizacijo v skladu s trinajstim in štirinajstim odstavkom tega člena ter 13. in 15. členom odgovorna za svojo raven emisij, določeno v dogovoru, o katerem je bil sekretariat obveščen skladno s šestnajstim odstavkom tega člena.
19. Vse pogodbenice naj si prizadevajo za oblikovanje in sporočanje dolgoročnih strategij razvoja, usmerjenega v družbo z nizkimi emisijami toplogrednih plinov, ob zavedanju, da 2. člen opredeljuje njihovo skupno, vendar različno odgovornost in zmožnosti, ob upoštevanju značilnih razmer v posameznih državah.
1. Pogodbenice bi morale sprejeti ukrepe za ohranjanje in po potrebi povečanje zmogljivosti ponorov in zbiralnikov toplogrednih plinov, skupaj z gozdovi, kakor je navedeno v točki (d) prvega odstavka 4. člena konvencije.
2. Pogodbenice se spodbujajo k sprejetju ukrepov, s katerimi bodo, tudi prek plačil na osnovi rezultatov, izvajale in podpirale obstoječi okvir usmeritev in sklepov po konvenciji glede: politik in spodbud za zmanjševanje emisij zaradi krčenja in degradacije gozdov, pomena ohranjanja, trajnostnega gospodarjenja z gozdovi in povečevanja gozdnih zalog ogljika v državah v razvoju ter alternativnih politik, denimo skupnih politik blaženja in prilagajanja za celovito in trajnostno gospodarjenje z gozdovi, ob potrditvi, da je treba, kadar je to primerno, spodbujati koristi teh politik, ki niso povezane z ogljikom.
1. Pogodbenice ugotavljajo, da so se nekatere pogodbenice odločile za prostovoljno sodelovanje pri uresničevanju svojih nacionalno določenih prispevkov, da bi lahko sprejele bolj smele ukrepe za blaženje in prilagajanje ter spodbujale trajnostni razvoj in okoljsko celovitost.
2.Pogodbenice pri prostovoljnem sodelovanju, ki vključuje uporabo mednarodno prenesenih rezultatov blaženja za uresničevanje nacionalno določenega prispevka, spodbujajo trajnostni razvoj ter zagotavljajo okoljsko celovitost in preglednost, tudi pri upravljanju, ter uporabljajo zanesljiv sistem obračunavanja, da se med drugim prepreči dvojno obračunavanje, skladno z usmeritvami Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
3. Uporaba mednarodno prenesenih rezultatov blaženja za uresničevanje nacionalno določenega prispevka po sporazumu je prostovoljna in jo morajo sodelujoče pogodbenice odobriti.
4. Vzpostavi se mehanizem za prispevek k zmanjševanju emisij toplogrednih plinov in podporo trajnostnemu razvoju, ki je podrejen Konferenci pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma in deluje v skladu z njenimi usmeritvami ter ga pogodbenice uporabljajo prostovoljno. Nadzira ga delovno telo, ki ga imenuje Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma, in si prizadeva za:
(a) spodbujanje zmanjševanja emisij toplogrednih plinov ob prizadevanju za trajnostni razvoj;
(b) spodbujanje in omogočanje udeležbe javnih in zasebnih subjektov, ki jih odobri pogodbenica, pri zmanjševanju emisij toplogrednih plinov;
(c) prispevek k zmanjšanju emisij v pogodbenici gostiteljici, kjer se izvajajo ukrepi za blaženje, namenjeni zmanjšanju emisij, ki ga za uresničevanje nacionalno določenega prispevka lahko uporabi tudi druga pogodbenica;
(d) prispevek k zmanjševanju skupnih svetovnih emisij.
5. Zmanjšanje emisij na podlagi mehanizma iz četrtega odstavka tega člena se ne sme prikazati pri uresničevanju nacionalno določenega prispevka pogodbenice gostiteljice, če ga pri uresničevanju nacionalno določenega prispevka prikaže druga pogodbenica.
6. Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma zagotovi, da se delež prihodkov od dejavnosti v okviru mehanizma iz četrtega odstavka tega člena uporabi za pokritje upravnih stroškov in za pomoč pogodbenicam v razvoju, ki so posebej izpostavljene škodljivim učinkom podnebnih sprememb, pri kritju stroškov prilagajanja.
7. Pravila, delovanje in postopki mehanizma iz četrtega odstavka tega člena se določijo na prvem zasedanju Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
8. Pogodbenice priznavajo pomen celovitih, celostnih in uravnoteženih netržnih pristopov za usklajeno in učinkovito uresničevanje nacionalno določenih prispevkov v povezavi s trajnostnim razvojem in odpravo revščine, med katerimi so blaženje, prilagajanje, financiranje, prenos tehnologij in krepitev zmogljivosti. Namen teh pristopov je:
(a) spodbujati čim bolj smela prizadevanja za blaženje in prilagajanje;
(b) krepiti udeležbo javnega in zasebnega sektorja pri uresničevanju nacionalno določenih prispevkov;
(c) omogočiti usklajevanje med različnimi instrumenti in ustreznimi institucionalnimi mehanizmi.
9. Za spodbujanje netržnih pristopov iz osmega odstavka tega člena se določi okvir za netržne pristope na področju trajnostnega razvoja.
1. Pogodbenice si zastavljajo svetovni cilj za prilagajanje, ki vključuje izboljšanje sposobnosti prilagajanja, krepitev odpornosti in zmanjšanje občutljivosti za podnebne spremembe, kar naj bi prispevalo k trajnostnemu razvoju in zagotovilo ustrezen odziv pri prilagajanju v povezavi s ciljem glede dviga temperature iz 2. člena.
2. Pogodbenice se zavedajo, da je prilagajanje izziv za ves svet in ima lokalne, podnacionalne, nacionalne, regionalne in svetovne razsežnosti ter da je bistvena sestavina dolgoročnega skupnega odziva na podnebne spremembe, h kateremu hkrati prispeva; njegov namen je zavarovati ljudi, vire preživljanja in ekosisteme, ob upoštevanju nujnih in takojšnjih potreb pogodbenic v razvoju, ki so posebno izpostavljene škodljivim učinkom podnebnih sprememb.
3. Priznajo se ukrepi za prilagajanje pogodbenic v razvoju, in sicer tako kot bo sprejeto na prvem zasedanju Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
4. Pogodbenice ugotavljajo, da so trenutne potrebe po prilagajanju občutne in da lahko intenzivnejše blaženje zmanjša potrebo po dodatnih ukrepih za prilagajanje ter da so lahko večje potrebe po prilagajanju povezane z večjimi stroški.
5. Pogodbenice se strinjajo, da naj ukrepi za prilagajanje izhajajo iz držav samih, upoštevajo vlogo spolov ter zagotavljajo čim širšo udeležbo in preglednost, pri čemer je treba upoštevati občutljive skupine, skupnosti in ekosisteme; temeljijo naj na najboljših razpoložljivih znanstvenih dognanjih in morebitnem tradicionalnem izkustvu, izročilu domorodnih ljudstev in lokalnem vedenju ter se po njih ravnajo, zato da se prilagajanje po potrebi vključi v ustrezne socialno-ekonomske in okoljske politike in ukrepe.
6. Pogodbenice priznavajo, da je treba podpirati prizadevanja in mednarodno sodelovanje na področju prilagajanja ter upoštevati potrebe pogodbenic v razvoju, zlasti tistih, ki so posebej izpostavljene škodljivim učinkom podnebnih sprememb.
7. Pogodbenice naj okrepijo sodelovanje za izboljšanje ukrepov na področju prilagajanja, ob upoštevanju Okvira za prilagajanje iz Cancuna, med drugim pri:
a) izmenjavi informacij, dobrih praks, izkušenj in spoznanj, tudi v povezavi z morebitnimi znanstvenimi dognanji, načrtovanjem, politikami in izvajanjem na področju ukrepov za prilagajanje;
b) krepitvi institucionalnih mehanizmov, tudi tistih po konvenciji, ki omogočajo izvajanje sporazuma, da bi zagotovili povezovanje ustreznih informacij in znanja ter tehnično podporo in usmeritve pogodbenicam;
c) spodbujanju znanstvenih dognanj o podnebju, tudi raziskav, sistematičnega opazovanja podnebja in sistemov pravočasnega opozarjanja, v podporo službam, ki se ukvarjajo s podnebjem, in nosilcem odločanja;
d) pomoči pogodbenicam v razvoju, da opredelijo učinkovite načine ravnanja, potrebe, prednostne naloge ter zagotovljeno in prejeto pomoč za ukrepe in dejavnosti na področju prilagajanja, izzive in pomanjkljivosti, v smeri spodbujanja dobrih praks;
e) izboljšanju učinkovitosti in trajnosti ukrepov za prilagajanje.
8. Specializirane organizacije in agencije Organizacije združenih narodov se spodbujajo, da podprejo prizadevanja pogodbenic pri izvajanju ukrepov iz sedmega odstavka tega člena, ob upoštevanju določb iz petega odstavka.
9. Vsaka pogodbenica ustrezno izvaja postopke načrtovanja prilagajanja in ukrepe, skupaj s pripravo ali nadgradnjo ustreznih načrtov in politik ter povečanjem prispevkov, med drugim:
a) izvajanje ukrepov, obvez in prizadevanj za prilagajanje;
b) oblikovanje in izvajanje nacionalnih načrtov za prilagajanje;
c) oceno izpostavljenosti podnebnim spremembam in njihovim učinkom, da se opredelijo prednostni ukrepi držav, ob upoštevanju občutljivih skupin, območij in ekosistemov;
d) spremljanje in vrednotenje načrtov, politik, programov in ukrepov za prilagajanje ter pridobivanje znanja iz njih;
e) krepitev odpornosti socialno-ekonomskih in okoljskih sistemov, med drugim z diverzifikacijo gospodarstva in trajnostnim gospodarjenjem z naravnimi viri.
10. Vsaka pogodbenica naj po potrebi predloži in dopolni obdobno poročilo o napredku na področju prilagajanja, ki lahko vključuje njene prednostne naloge, potrebe po izvajanju in pomoči, načrte in ukrepe, ne da bi to pomenilo dodatno breme za pogodbenice v razvoju.
11. Obdobno poročilo o napredku na področju prilagajanja iz desetega odstavka tega člena se po potrebi predloži in posodobi kot del ali dodatek drugih poročil ali dokumentov, kot so nacionalni načrt za prilagajanje, nacionalno določeni prispevek iz drugega odstavka 4. člena ali nacionalno poročilo.
12. Poročilo o napredku na področju prilagajanja iz desetega odstavka tega člena se objavi v javnem registru, ki ga vodi sekretariat.
13. Pogodbenicam v razvoju se skladno z določbami 9., 10. in 11. člena zagotovi stalna in okrepljena mednarodna pomoč za izvajanje sedmega, devetega, desetega in enajstega odstavka tega člena.
14. Svetovni pregled iz 14. člena med drugim:
a) upošteva prizadevanja pogodbenic v razvoju za prilagajanje na podnebne spremembe,
b) krepi izvajanje ukrepov za prilagajanje glede na poročila o napredku na področju prilagajanja iz desetega odstavka tega člena;
c) preverja ustreznost in učinkovitost prilagajanja in pomoči za prilagajanje;
d) preverja skupni napredek pri doseganju svetovnega cilja za prilagajanje iz prvega odstavka tega člena.
1. Pogodbenice potrjujejo pomen preprečevanja, zmanjševanja in odpravljanja izgube ali škode, povezane s škodljivimi učinki podnebnih sprememb, tudi z izrednimi vremenskimi pojavi in postopnimi procesi v naravi, ter vloge trajnostnega razvoja pri zmanjševanju tveganja nastanka izgube in škode.
2. Delovanje Varšavskega mednarodnega mehanizma za izgubo in škodo zaradi podnebnih sprememb je v pristojnosti Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma ter ga je mogoče dopolnjevati in krepiti skladno z odločitvami in usmeritvami, ki jih sprejme Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
3. Pogodbenice naj s sodelovanjem in medsebojnim spodbujanjem ustrezno okrepijo svoje razumevanje, ukrepe in pomoč glede izgube in škode zaradi škodljivih učinkov podnebnih sprememb, med drugim tudi prek varšavskega mednarodnega mehanizma.
4. Sodelovanje in medsebojno spodbujanje pri krepitvi razumevanja, ukrepov in pomoči lahko vključuje:
a) sisteme pravočasnega opozarjanja,
b) pripravljenost na izredne razmere,
c) postopne procese v naravi,
d) dogodke, ki lahko povzročijo nepovratno in trajno izgubo ali škodo,
e) celovito oceno in obvladovanje tveganja,
f) ukrepe za zavarovanje, skupni pristop k podnebnim tveganjem in druge rešitve v zvezi z zavarovanjem,
g) negospodarsko izgubo,
h) odpornost skupnosti, virov preživljanja in ekosistemov.
5. Varšavski mednarodni mehanizem sodeluje z obstoječimi telesi in strokovnimi skupinami po sporazumu ter z ustreznimi zunanjimi organizacijami in strokovnimi skupinami.
1. Razvite pogodbenice pri nadaljnjem izpolnjevanju obveznosti po konvenciji zagotavljajo finančne vire pogodbenicam v razvoju kot pomoč za blaženje in prilagajanje.
2. Druge pogodbenice se spodbujajo, da tovrstno pomoč zagotovijo ali še naprej zagotavljajo prostovoljno.
3. V okviru svetovnih prizadevanj naj razvite pogodbenice ohranijo vodilno vlogo pri pridobivanju podnebnih sredstev iz različnih virov, instrumentov in področij, upoštevaje pomen javnih sredstev, ter na različne načine, tudi s podpiranjem strategij, ki si jih zastavijo države, in ob upoštevanju potreb in prednostnih nalog pogodbenic v razvoju. Tako pridobljena finančna sredstva za boj proti podnebnim spremembam naj presegajo pretekla prizadevanja.
4. Pri povečevanju obsega finančnih sredstev si je treba prizadevati za ravnovesje med prilagajanjem in blaženjem, ob upoštevanju strategij, ki si jih zastavijo države, ter prednostnih nalog in potreb pogodbenic v razvoju, zlasti posebej izpostavljenih škodljivim učinkom podnebnih sprememb in tistih z omejenimi zmogljivostmi, kakršne so najmanj razvite ali male otoške države v razvoju, ob upoštevanju potrebe po javnih in nepovratnih sredstvih za prilagajanje.
5. Razvite pogodbenice vsaki dve leti predložijo ustrezne okvirne številčne in opisne podatke, ki se nanašajo na prvi in tretji odstavek tega člena, če je ta podatek na voljo, pa tudi predviden obseg javnih sredstev, namenjenih pogodbenicam v razvoju. Druge pogodbenice, ki tudi zagotavljajo sredstva, se spodbujajo, da te podatke vsaki dve leti predložijo prostovoljno.
6. Pri svetovnem pregledu iz 14. člena se upoštevajo ustrezni podatki razvitih pogodbenic ali pogodbenih teles sporazuma o financiranju boja proti podnebnim spremembam.
7. Razvite pogodbenice vsaki dve leti predložijo pregledne in dosledne podatke o pomoči pogodbenicam v razvoju, zagotovljeni in pridobljeni iz javnih virov, skladno z načini, postopki in smernicami, ki jih na prvem zasedanju sprejme Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma, kakor je določeno v trinajstem odstavku 13. člena. Tudi druge pogodbenice se spodbujajo, da ravnajo enako.
8. Finančni mehanizem konvencije, z izvajalskimi subjekti vred, je hkrati finančni mehanizem sporazuma.
9. Institucije za izvajanje sporazuma, z izvajalskimi subjekti finančnega mehanizma konvencije vred, si prizadevajo za učinkovit dostop do finančnih virov s poenostavljenimi postopki odobritve in pomoč za povečanje sposobnosti črpanja pomoči pogodbenic v razvoju, zlasti najmanj razvitih držav in malih otoških držav v razvoju, v povezavi z njihovimi nacionalnimi podnebnimi strategijami in načrti.
1. Pogodbenice imajo skupno dolgoročno vizijo, ki poudarja pomen celovitega razvoja in prenosa tehnologij za krepitev odpornosti proti podnebnim spremembam ter zmanjševanje emisij toplogrednih plinov.
2. Ob zavedanju pomena tehnologij pri izvajanju ukrepov za blaženje in prilaganje na podnebne spremembe po sporazumu ter ob priznavanju prizadevanj za uporabo in širjenje obstoječih tehnologij pogodbenice okrepijo sodelovanje pri razvoju in prenosu tehnologij.
3. Tehnološki mehanizem, vzpostavljen v okviru konvencije, se uporablja tudi za potrebe tega sporazuma.
4. Vzpostavi se tehnološki okvir za splošno usmerjanje delovanja tehnološkega mehanizma pri spodbujanju in omogočanju učinkovitejših ukrepov za razvoj in prenos tehnologij v pomoč izvajanju sporazuma pri uresničevanju dolgoročne vizije iz prvega odstavka tega člena.
5. Pospeševanje, spodbujanje in omogočanje inovacij je ključnega pomena za učinkovit, dolgoročen svetovni odziv na podnebne spremembe ter za gospodarsko rast in trajnostni razvoj. Za ta prizadevanja se zagotovi ustrezna pomoč, med drugim s tehnološkim mehanizmom in s sredstvi finančnega mehanizma konvencije za skupne raziskave in razvoj ter lažji dostop pogodbenic v razvoju do tehnologij, zlasti v zgodnjih fazah tehnološkega cikla.
6. Pogodbenicam v razvoju se zagotovi pomoč, tudi finančna, za izvajanje dejavnosti iz tega člena, tudi za okrepitev skupnega razvoja in prenosa tehnologij v različnih fazah tehnološkega cikla, da se doseže ravnovesje med pomočjo za blaženje in prilagajanje. Pri svetovnem pregledu iz 14. člena se upoštevajo dostopni podatki o pomoči pogodbenicam pri razvoju in prenosu tehnologij.
1. S krepitvijo zmogljivosti v okviru sporazuma naj bi se izboljšale zmogljivosti in sposobnost pogodbenic v razvoju, zlasti držav z najmanjšimi zmogljivostmi, kakor so najmanj razvite države ali države, ki so posebno izpostavljene škodljivim učinkom podnebnih sprememb, na primer male otoške države v razvoju, da sprejmejo učinkovite ukrepe proti podnebnim spremembam, med drugim ukrepe za prilagajanje in blaženje, ter spodbudili razvoj, širjenje in uporaba tehnologij, dostop do podnebnih sredstev, ustrezno izobraževanje, usposabljanje in ozaveščanje javnosti ter pregledno, pravočasno in točno obveščanje.
2. Krepitev zmogljivosti naj izhaja iz posameznih držav, temelji naj na njihovih potrebah in se nanje odziva; zanjo naj bodo odgovorne pogodbenice same, zlasti pogodbenice v razvoju, in sicer na nacionalni, podnacionalni in lokalni ravni. Gradi naj na izkušnjah, tudi pridobljenih pri krepitvi zmogljivosti po konvenciji, ter naj bo učinkovit, stalen, vključujoč in presečen proces, ki upošteva vlogo spolov.
3. Pri krepitvi zmogljivosti pogodbenic v razvoju za izvajanje sporazuma naj sodelujejo vse pogodbenice. Razvite pogodbenice naj povečajo obseg pomoči za krepitev zmogljivosti pogodbenic v razvoju.
4. Vse pogodbenice, ki prispevajo h krepitvi zmogljivosti pogodbenic v razvoju za izvajanje sporazuma, tudi prek regionalnega, dvostranskega ali večstranskega sodelovanja, redno poročajo o teh dejavnostih ali ukrepih. Pogodbenice v razvoju naj redno poročajo o napredku pri izvajanju načrtov, pristopov, dejavnosti in ukrepov na področju krepitve zmogljivosti za izvajanje sporazuma.
5. Dejavnosti za krepitev zmogljivosti dopolnjuje ustrezna institucionalna ureditev v pomoč pri izvajanju sporazuma, tudi ustrezna institucionalna ureditev po konvenciji, ki se uporablja za potrebe sporazuma. Konferenca pogodbenic na svojem prvem zasedanju v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma obravnava in sprejme sklep o začetni institucionalni ureditvi za krepitev zmogljivosti.
Pogodbenice sodelujejo pri sprejemanju ustreznih ukrepov za izboljšanje izobraževanja, usposabljanja, ozaveščanja in udeležbe javnosti ter dostopa javnosti do informacij v zvezi s podnebnimi spremembami, pri čemer se zavedajo pomena teh dejavnosti za učinkovitejše ukrepanje po sporazumu.
1. Za krepitev vzajemnega zaupanja in bolj učinkovito izvajanje se vzpostavi prožen okvir za večjo preglednost ukrepov in pomoči, ki upošteva različne zmogljivosti pogodbenic in izhaja iz skupnih izkušenj.
2. Okvir za preglednost omogoča prožnejše izvajanje določb tega člena tistim pogodbenicam v razvoju, ki to zaradi omejenih zmogljivosti potrebujejo. Prožnost se upošteva pri načinih, postopkih in smernicah iz trinajstega odstavka tega člena.
3. Okvir za preglednost izhaja iz določil konvencije v zvezi s preglednostjo in jih hkrati dopolnjuje, ob upoštevanju posebnih značilnosti najmanj razvitih držav in malih otoških držav v razvoju, ter se uporablja na način, ki spodbuja, ne vsiljuje in ne kaznuje, spoštuje suverenost držav in pogodbenicam ne nalaga dodatnega bremena.
4. Pri oblikovanju načinov, postopkov in smernic iz trinajstega odstavka tega člena se upoštevajo določila konvencije v zvezi s preglednostjo, skupaj z nacionalnimi poročili, dveletnimi poročili in dveletnimi posodobljenimi poročili, mednarodnimi presojami in pregledi ter mednarodnim posvetovanjem in analizami.
5. Namen okvira za preglednost delovanja je zagotoviti razumljivost ukrepov proti podnebnim spremembam skladno s ciljem konvencije, ki je opredeljen v njenem 2. členu, kar vključuje jasnost in spremljanje napredka pri doseganju nacionalno določenih prispevkov posameznih pogodbenic iz 4. člena in ukrepov pogodbenic za prilagajanje iz 7. člena, z dobrimi praksami, prednostnimi nalogami, potrebami in pomanjkljivostmi vred, kar se vključi v svetovni pregled iz 14. člena.
6. Namen okvira za preglednost pomoči je zagotoviti jasnost v zvezi s pomočjo, ki jo posamezne pogodbenice namenjajo in prejemajo za ukrepe proti podnebnim spremembam iz 4., 7., 9., 10. in 11. člena, ter omogočiti čim bolj popoln vpogled v skupno zagotovljeno finančno pomoč, kar se vključi v svetovni pregled iz 14. člena.
7. Vsaka pogodbenica redno predloži:
a) nacionalni popis antropogenih emisij toplogrednih plinov po virih in njihovem zajemanju v ponore, pripravljen po metodologiji, ki jo kot dobro prakso sprejme Medvladna skupina za podnebne spremembe in o kateri se dogovori Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma; ter
b) potrebne podatke za spremljanje napredka pri izvajanju in uresničevanju nacionalno določenega prispevka iz 4. člena.
8. Vsaka pogodbenica naj predloži tudi ustrezne podatke v zvezi z učinki podnebnih sprememb in prilagajanjem nanje na podlagi 7. člena.
9. Razvite pogodbenice predložijo podatke o finančni pomoči pogodbenicam v razvoju, pomoči v obliki prenosa tehnologij in krepitve zmogljivosti v skladu z 9., 10. in 11. členom, k čemur se spodbujajo tudi druge pogodbenice, ki zagotavljajo pomoč.
10. Pogodbenice v razvoju se spodbujajo k predložitvi podatkov o finančni pomoči ter pomoči v obliki prenosa tehnologij in krepitve zmogljivosti, ki jo potrebujejo in prejmejo v skladu z 9., 10. in 11. členom.
11. Podatki, ki jih predložijo pogodbenice skladno s sedmim in devetim odstavkom tega člena, so predmet tehničnega strokovnega pregleda, skladno s sklepom 1/CP.21. Pri pogodbenicah v razvoju, ki to zaradi svojih zmogljivosti potrebujejo, pregled vključuje tudi pomoč pri opredelitvi potreb po krepitvi zmogljivosti. Poleg tega pogodbenice z namenom podpore sodelujejo pri večstranski oceni napredka pri prizadevanjih iz 9. člena in uresničevanju nacionalno določenega prispevka.
12. Tehnični strokovni pregled iz tega odstavka vključuje oceno morebitne pomoči, ki jo zagotovi pogodbenica, ter izvajanja in uresničevanja nacionalno določenega prispevka. V njem se opredelijo tudi področja, ki jih lahko pogodbenica še izboljša, in preveri skladnost predloženih podatkov z načini, postopki in smernicami iz trinajstega odstavka tega člena, ob upoštevanju prožnosti iz drugega odstavka. Pri pregledu se posebna pozornost nameni zmožnostim in značilnostim posameznih pogodbenic v razvoju.
13. Konferenca pogodbenic na prvem zasedanju v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma na podlagi izkušenj z določili konvencije v zvezi s preglednostjo in ob upoštevanju določb tega člena sprejme ustrezne skupne načine, postopke in smernice za zagotavljanje preglednosti delovanja in pomoči.
14. Državam v razvoju se zagotovi pomoč pri izvajanju tega člena.
15. Pogodbenicam v razvoju se zagotovi tudi stalna pomoč za krepitev zmogljivosti v zvezi s preglednostjo.
1. Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma občasno opravi pregled izvajanja sporazuma, da oceni skupni napredek pri doseganju njegovega namena in uresničevanju njegovih dolgoročnih ciljev (v nadaljnjem besedilu: svetovni pregled). Ocena je celovita, namenjena podpori in vključuje blaženje, prilagajanje ter način izvajanja in pomoči, ob upoštevanju načela enakopravnosti in najboljših razpoložljivih znanstvenih dognanj.
2. Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma opravi prvi svetovni pregled leta 2023, zatem pa vsakih pet let, razen če Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma ne odloči drugače.
3. Pogodbenice na podlagi rezultatov svetovnega pregleda dopolnjujejo in povečujejo obseg ukrepov in pomoči, kakor se določi na nacionalni ravni, skladno z ustreznimi določbami sporazuma, ter krepijo mednarodno sodelovanje pri podnebnih ukrepih.
1. Vzpostavi se mehanizem za lažje izvajanje in spodbujanje skladnosti z določbami sporazuma.
2. Vlogo mehanizma iz prvega odstavka tega člena opravlja strokovni odbor, ki z namenom podpore deluje pregledno, ne obtoževalno ali kaznovalno.
3. Odbor deluje skladno z načini in postopki, ki jih Konferenca pogodbenic sprejme na prvi skupščini pogodbenic sporazuma, in ji letno poroča.
1. Konferenca pogodbenic, ki je najvišji organ konvencije, je hkrati skupščina pogodbenic sporazuma.
2. Pogodbenice konvencije, ki niso pogodbenice sporazuma, se lahko vsakega zasedanja Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma udeležijo kot opazovalke. Kadar Konferenca pogodbenic deluje kot skupščina pogodbenic sporazuma, odločitve v zvezi s sporazumom sprejemajo le pogodbenice sporazuma.
3. Kadar Konferenca pogodbenic deluje kot skupščina pogodbenic sporazuma, člana biroja Konference pogodbenic iz pogodbenice konvencije, ki ni pogodbenica sporazuma, nadomesti član, izvoljen izmed pogodbenic sporazuma.
4. Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma redno spremlja izvajanje sporazuma in v okviru svojih pristojnosti sprejema odločitve za njegovo večjo učinkovitost. Opravlja naloge, ki so ji dodeljene v okviru sporazuma, in:
(a) ustanavlja delovna telesa, za katera se presodi, da so potrebna za izvajanje sporazuma; ter
(b) opravlja druge naloge, ki so potrebne za izvajanje sporazuma.
5. Poslovnik Konference pogodbenic in finančna pravila, ki se uporabljajo v okviru konvencije,se smiselno uporabljajo tudi za ta sporazum, razen če Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma s konsenzom ne odloči drugače.
6. Sekretariat skliče prvo skupščino pogodbenic sporazuma skupaj s prvim zasedanjem Konference pogodbenic po datumu začetka veljavnosti sporazuma. Naslednja redna zasedanja Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma potekajo hkrati z rednimi zasedanji Konference pogodbenic, razen če Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma ne odloči drugače.
7. Izredna zasedanja Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma se skličejo, kadar se Konferenci pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma to zdi potrebno, ali na pisno zahtevo katere koli pogodbenice, če to v šestih mesecih od obvestila sekretariata o zahtevi podpre najmanj tretjina pogodbenic.
8. Organizacija združenih narodov in njene specializirane agencije ter Mednarodna agencija za atomsko energijo in katera koli njihova država članica ali opazovalka, ki ni pogodbenica konvencije, se lahko kot opazovalke udeležijo zasedanj Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma. Nacionalni ali mednarodni, vladni ali nevladni organi ali agencije, ki se strokovno ukvarjajo s področjem uporabe sporazuma in obvestijo sekretariat, da se želijo kot opazovalci udeležiti zasedanja Konference pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma, se ga lahko udeležijo, razen če najmanj tretjina pogodbenic temu ne nasprotuje. Za odobritev udeležbe in udeležbo opazovalcev se uporablja poslovnik iz petega odstavka tega člena.
1. Vlogo sekretariata sporazuma opravlja sekretariat, ustanovljen skladno z 8. členom konvencije.
2. Drugi odstavek 8. člena konvencije o nalogah sekretariata in tretji odstavek 8. člena konvencije o vsem, kar je potrebno za njegovo delovanje, sesmiselno uporabljata tudi za ta sporazum. Sekretariat poleg tega opravlja tudi naloge, ki so mu dodeljene skladno s sporazumom in na Konferenci pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
1. Pomožno telo za znanstveno in tehnološko svetovanje ter pomožno telo za izvajanje, ustanovljena z 9. in 10. členom konvencije, opravljata tudi vlogo delovnih teles za znanstveno in tehnološko svetovanje in izvajanje sporazuma. Določbe konvencije o njunem delovanju se smiselno uporabljajo tudi za ta sporazum. Zasedata ob zasedanjih pomožnega telesa za znanstveno in tehnološko svetovanje in pomožnega telesa za izvajanje konvencije.
2. Pogodbenice konvencije, ki niso pogodbenice sporazuma, se lahko kot opazovalke udeležujejo vseh zasedanj delovnih teles. Kadar pomožni telesi opravljata vlogo delovnih teles sporazuma, odločitve v zvezi s sporazumom sprejemajo le pogodbenice sporazuma.
3. Kadar pomožni telesi, ustanovljeni z 9. in 10. členom konvencije, opravljata naloge s področja uporabe sporazuma, člana biroja teh teles iz pogodbenice konvencije, ki ni pogodbenica sporazuma, nadomesti član, izvoljen izmed pogodbenic sporazuma.
1. Če tako sklene Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma, se delovna telesa ali druge institucionalne ureditve po konvenciji, ki niso navedeni v sporazumu, uporabljajo tudi za potrebe sporazuma. Njihove naloge opredeli Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma.
2. Konferenca pogodbenic v vlogi skupščine pogodbenic sporazuma lahko sprejme dodatne usmeritve za ta delovna telesa ali institucionalne ureditve.
1. Sporazum je na voljo za podpis državam ali regionalnim organizacijam za gospodarsko povezovanje, ki so pogodbenice konvencije, in je predmet ratifikacije, sprejetja ali odobritve. V podpis je na voljo na sedežu Organizacije združenih narodov v New Yorku od 22. aprila 2016 do 21. aprila 2017. Od prvega dne po poteku obdobja za podpis je na voljo za pristop. Listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu se deponirajo pri depozitarju.
2. Če pogodbenica sporazuma postane regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko povezovanje, ne pa tudi katera od njenih članic, veljajo zanjo vse obveznosti iz sporazuma. Če je ena ali več njenih držav članic pogodbenic sporazuma, se organizacija in njene države članice dogovorijo o svoji odgovornosti za izpolnjevanje obveznosti po sporazumu. V takih primerih organizacija in njene države članice ne morejo hkrati uresničevati pravic iz sporazuma.
3. V svojih listinah o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko sodelovanje opredelijo obseg svojih pristojnosti na področju uporabe sporazuma. O vsaki pomembnejši spremembi obsega svojih pristojnosti obvestijo depozitarja, ki nato obvesti pogodbenice.
1. Sporazum začne veljati trideseti dan od dne, ko listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu k sporazumu deponira vsaj 55 pogodbenic konvencije, ki po ocenah v ozračje skupaj prispevajo najmanj 55 odstotkov vseh svetovnih emisij toplogrednih plinov.
2. Izključno za potrebe prvega odstavka tega člena „vse svetovne emisije toplogrednih plinov“ pomenijo zadnjo sporočeno količino pogodbenic konvencije na dan sprejetja sporazuma ali pred tem.
3. Za vsako državo ali regionalno organizacijo za gospodarsko sodelovanje, ki ratificira, sprejme ali odobri sporazum ali k njemu pristopi po izpolnitvi pogojev za začetek njegove veljavnosti iz prvega odstavka tega člena, začne sporazum veljati trideseti dan od dne, ko ta država ali regionalna gospodarska povezava deponira listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu.
4. Za namen prvega odstavka tega člena se listina, ki jo deponira regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje, ne prišteje k listinam, ki jih deponirajo njene države članice.
Določbe 15. člena konvencije o sprejemanju amandmajev h konvencijise smiselno uporabljajo tudi za ta sporazum.
1. Določbe 16. člena konvencije o sprejemanju in dopolnjevanju aneksov h konvencijise smiselno uporabljajo tudi za ta sporazum.
2. Priloge k sporazumu so njegov sestavni del, in razen če ni izrecno določeno drugače, sklicevanje na sporazum hkrati pomeni sklicevanje na njegove priloge. Priloge so omejene na sezname, obrazce in vsa druga opisna gradiva znanstvenega, tehničnega, postopkovnega ali upravnega značaja.
Določbe 14. člena konvencije o reševanju sporov se smiselno uporabljajo tudi za ta sporazum.
1. Razen v primerih iz drugega odstavka tega člena ima vsaka pogodbenica en glas.
2. Regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko povezovanje v zadevah iz svoje pristojnosti uveljavljajo pravico do glasovanja s številom glasov, ki je enako številu njihovih držav članic, ki so pogodbenice sporazuma. Organizacija ne more uveljavljati pravice do glasovanja, če svojo pravico uveljavlja katera koli od njenih držav članic, in nasprotno.
Depozitar sporazuma je generalni sekretar Organizacije združenih narodov.
Pridržki k sporazumu niso mogoči.
1. Po treh letih od dne, ko začne sporazum za pogodbenico veljati, ga ta lahko kadar koli odpove s pisnim uradnim obvestilom depozitarju.
2. Odpoved začne veljati po enem letu od dne, ko depozitar prejme uradno obvestilo o odpovedi, ali na poznejši datum, naveden v obvestilu o odpovedi.
3. Šteje se, da je pogodbenica, ki odpove konvencijo, odpovedala tudi sporazum.
Izvirnik sporazuma, katerega besedilo v angleškem, arabskem, francoskem, kitajskem, ruskem in španskem jeziku je enako verodostojno, se deponira pri generalnem sekretarju Organizacije združenih narodov.
SESTAVLJENO v Parizu, dvanajstega decembra dva tisoč petnajst.
V POTRDITEV TEGA so podpisani, ki so za to ustrezno pooblaščeni, podpisali ta sporazum.
Za izvajanje sporazuma skrbi ministrstvo, pristojno za področje okolja in podnebnih sprememb, v sodelovanju z drugimi pristojnimi organi, glede na njihovo delovno področje.
Ta zakon začne veljati naslednji dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 801-01/16-19/10
Ljubljana, dne 17. novembra 2016
EPA 1558-VII
dr. Milan Brglez l.r.
