Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
o razglasitvi Zakona o ratifikaciji Izbirnega protokola h Konvenciji o otrokovih pravicah glede postopka sporočanja kršitev (MIPKOPSK)
Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Izbirnega protokola h Konvenciji o otrokovih pravicah glede postopka sporočanja kršitev (MIPKOPSK), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji dne 20. marca 2018.
Št. 003-02-3/2018-5
Ljubljana, dne 28. marca 2018
Borut Pahor l.r.
O RATIFIKACIJI IZBIRNEGA PROTOKOLA H KONVENCIJI O OTROKOVIH PRAVICAH GLEDE POSTOPKA SPOROČANJA KRŠITEV (MIPKOPSK)
1. člen
Ratificira se Izbirni protokol h Konvenciji o otrokovih pravicah glede postopka sporočanja kršitev, sprejet 19. decembra 2011.
Besedilo protokola se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku ter v prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:
OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD ON A COMMUNICATIONS PROCEDURE
The States parties to the present Protocol,
Considering that, in accordance with the principles proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations, the recognition of the inherent dignity and the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
Noting that the States parties to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (hereinafter referred to as “the Convention”) recognize the rights set forth in it to each child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child´s or his or her parent´s or legal guardian’s race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status,
Reaffirming the universality, indivisibility, interdependence and interrelatedness of all human rights and fundamental freedoms,
Reaffirming also the status of the child as a subject of rights and as a human being with dignity and with evolving capacities,
Recognizing that children’s special and dependent status may create real difficulties for them in pursuing remedies for violations of their rights,
Considering that the present Protocol will reinforce and complement national and regional mechanisms allowing children to submit complaints for violations of their rights,
Recognizing that the best interests of the child should be a primary consideration to be respected in pursuing remedies for violations of the rights of the child, and that such remedies should take into account the need for child-sensitive procedures at all levels,
Encouraging States parties to develop appropriate national mechanisms to enable a child whose rights have been violated to have access to effective remedies at the domestic level,
Recalling the important role that national human rights institutions and other relevant specialized institutions, mandated to promote and protect the rights of the child, can play in this regard,
Considering that, in order to reinforce and complement such national mechanisms and to further enhance the implementation of the Convention and, where applicable, the Optional Protocols thereto on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and on the involvement of children in armed conflict, it would be appropriate to enable the Committee on the Rights of the Child (hereinafter referred to as “the Committee”) to carry out the functions provided for in the present Protocol,
Have agreed as follows:
COMPETENCE OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
1. A State party to the present Protocol recognizes the competence of the Committee as provided for by the present Protocol.
2. The Committee shall not exercise its competence regarding a State party to the present Protocol on matters concerning violations of rights set forth in an instrument to which that State is not a party.
3. No communication shall be received by the Committee if it concerns a State that is not a party to the present Protocol.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES GUIDING THE FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMITTEE
In fulfilling the functions conferred on it by the present Protocol, the Committee shall be guided by the principle of the best interests of the child. It shall also have regard for the rights and views of the child, the views of the child being given due weight in accordance with the age and maturity of the child.
1. The Committee shall adopt rules of procedure to be followed when exercising the functions conferred on it by the present Protocol. In doing so, it shall have regard, in particular, for article 2 of the present Protocol in order to guarantee child-sensitive procedures.
2. The Committee shall include in its rules of procedure safeguards to prevent the manipulation of the child by those acting on his or her behalf and may decline to examine any communication that it considers not to be in the child’s best interests.
1. A State party shall take all appropriate steps to ensure that individuals under its jurisdiction are not subjected to any human rights violation, ill-treatment or intimidation as a consequence of communications or cooperation with the Committee pursuant to the present Protocol.
2. The identity of any individual or group of individuals concerned shall not be revealed publicly without their express consent.
INDIVIDUAL COMMUNICATIONS
1. Communications may be submitted by or on behalf of an individual or group of individuals, within the jurisdiction of a State party, claiming to be victims of a violation by that State party of any of the rights set forth in any of the following instruments to which that State is a party:
(a) The Convention;
(b) The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography;
(c) The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the involvement of children in armed conflict.
2. Where a communication is submitted on behalf of an individual or group of individuals, this shall be with their consent unless the author can justify acting on their behalf without such consent.
1. At any time after the receipt of a communication and before a determination on the merits has been reached, the Committee may transmit to the State party concerned for its urgent consideration a request that the State party take such interim measures as may be necessary in exceptional circumstances to avoid possible irreparable damage to the victim or victims of the alleged violations.
2. Where the Committee exercises its discretion under paragraph 1 of the present article, this does not imply a determination on admissibility or on the merits of the communication.
The Committee shall consider a communication inadmissible when:
(a) The communication is anonymous;
(b) The communication is not in writing;
(c) The communication constitutes an abuse of the right of submission of such communications or is incompatible with the provisions of the Convention and/or the Optional Protocols thereto;
(d) The same matter has already been examined by the Committee or has been or is being examined under another procedure of international investigation or settlement;
(e) All available domestic remedies have not been exhausted. This shall not be the rule where the application of the remedies is unreasonably prolonged or unlikely to bring effective relief;
(f) The communication is manifestly ill-founded or not sufficiently substantiated;
(g) The facts that are the subject of the communication occurred prior to the entry into force of the present Protocol for the State party concerned, unless those facts continued after that date;
(h) The communication is not submitted within one year after the exhaustion of domestic remedies, except in cases where the author can demonstrate that it had not been possible to submit the communication within that time limit.
TRANSMISSION OF THE COMMUNICATION
1. Unless the Committee considers a communication inadmissible without reference to the State party concerned, the Committee shall bring any communication submitted to it under the present Protocol confidentially to the attention of the State party concerned as soon as possible.
2. The State party shall submit to the Committee written explanations or statements clarifying the matter and the remedy, if any, that it may have provided. The State party shall submit its response as soon as possible and within six months.
1. The Committee shall make available its good offices to the parties concerned with a view to reaching a friendly settlement of the matter on the basis of respect for the obligations set forth in the Convention and/or the Optional Protocols thereto.
2. An agreement on a friendly settlement reached under the auspices of the Committee closes consideration of the communication under the present Protocol.
CONSIDERATION OF COMMUNICATIONS
1. The Committee shall consider communications received under the present Protocol as quickly as possible, in the light of all documentation submitted to it, provided that this documentation is transmitted to the parties concerned.
2. The Committee shall hold closed meetings when examining communications received under the present Protocol.
3. Where the Committee has requested interim measures, it shall expedite the consideration of the communication.
4. When examining communications alleging violations of economic, social or cultural rights, the Committee shall consider the reasonableness of the steps taken by the State party in accordance with article 4 of the Convention. In doing so, the Committee shall bear in mind that the State party may adopt a range of possible policy measures for the implementation of the economic, social and cultural rights in the Convention.
5. After examining a communication, the Committee shall, without delay, transmit its views on the communication, together with its recommendations, if any, to the parties concerned.
1. The State party shall give due consideration to the views of the Committee, together with its recommendations, if any, and shall submit to the Committee a written response, including information on any action taken and envisaged in the light of the views and recommendations of the Committee. The State party shall submit its response as soon as possible and within six months.
2. The Committee may invite the State party to submit further information about any measures the State party has taken in response to its views or recommendations or implementation of a friendly settlement agreement, if any, including as deemed appropriate by the Committee, in the State party’s subsequent reports under article 44 of the Convention, article 12 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography or article 8 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the involvement of children in armed conflict, where applicable.
INTER-STATE COMMUNICATIONS
1. A State party to the present Protocol may, at any time, declare that it recognizes the competence of the Committee to receive and consider communications in which a State party claims that another State party is not fulfilling its obligations under any of the following instruments to which the State is a party:
(a) The Convention;
(b) The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography;
(c) The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the involvement of children in armed conflict.
2. The Committee shall not receive communications concerning a State party that has not made such a declaration or communications from a State party that has not made such a declaration.
3. The Committee shall make available its good offices to the States parties concerned with a view to a friendly solution of the matter on the basis of the respect for the obligations set forth in the Convention and the Optional Protocols thereto.
4. A declaration under paragraph 1 of the present article shall be deposited by the States parties with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies thereof to the other States parties. A declaration may be withdrawn at any time by notification to the Secretary-General. Such a withdrawal shall not prejudice the consideration of any matter that is the subject of a communication already transmitted under the present article; no further communications by any State party shall be received under the present article after the notification of withdrawal of the declaration has been received by the Secretary-General, unless the State party concerned has made a new declaration.
INQUIRY PROCEDURE FOR GRAVE OR SYSTEMATIC VIOLATIONS
1. If the Committee receives reliable information indicating grave or systematic violations by a State party of rights set forth in the Convention or in the Optional Protocols thereto on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography or on the involvement of children in armed conflict, the Committee shall invite the State party to cooperate in the examination of the information and, to this end, to submit observations without delay with regard to the information concerned.
2. Taking into account any observations that may have been submitted by the State party concerned, as well as any other reliable information available to it, the Committee may designate one or more of its members to conduct an inquiry and to report urgently to the Committee. Where warranted and with the consent of the State party, the inquiry may include a visit to its territory.
3. Such an inquiry shall be conducted confidentially, and the cooperation of the State party shall be sought at all stages of the proceedings.
4. After examining the findings of such an inquiry, the Committee shall transmit without delay these findings to the State party concerned, together with any comments and recommendations.
5. The State party concerned shall, as soon as possible and within six months of receiving the findings, comments and recommendations transmitted by the Committee, submit its observations to the Committee.
6. After such proceedings have been completed with regard to an inquiry made in accordance with paragraph 2 of the present article, the Committee may, after consultation with the State party concerned, decide to include a summary account of the results of the proceedings in its report provided for in article 16 of the present Protocol.
7. Each State party may, at the time of signature or ratification of the present Protocol or accession thereto, declare that it does not recognize the competence of the Committee provided for in the present article in respect of the rights set forth in some or all of the instruments listed in paragraph 1.
8. Any State party having made a declaration in accordance with paragraph 7 of the present article may, at any time, withdraw this declaration by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
FOLLOW-UP TO THE INQUIRY PROCEDURE
1. The Committee may, if necessary, after the end of the period of six months referred to in article 13, paragraph 5, invite the State party concerned to inform it of the measures taken and envisaged in response to an inquiry conducted under article 13 of the present Protocol.
2. The Committee may invite the State party to submit further information about any measures that the State party has taken in response to an inquiry conducted under article 13, including as deemed appropriate by the Committee, in the State party’s subsequent reports under article 44 of the Convention, article 12 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography or article 8 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the involvement of children in armed conflict, where applicable.
INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE AND COOPERATION
1. The Committee may transmit, with the consent of the State party concerned, to United Nations specialized agencies, funds and programmes and other competent bodies its views or recommendations concerning communications and inquiries that indicate a need for technical advice or assistance, together with the State party’s observations and suggestions, if any, on these views or recommendations.
2. The Committee may also bring to the attention of such bodies, with the consent of the State party concerned, any matter arising out of communications considered under the present Protocol that may assist them in deciding, each within its field of competence, on the advisability of international measures likely to contribute to assisting States parties in achieving progress in the implementation of the rights recognized in the Convention and/or the Optional Protocols thereto.
REPORT TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY
The Committee shall include in its report submitted every two years to the General Assembly in accordance with article 44, paragraph 5, of the Convention a summary of its activities under the present Protocol.
DISSEMINATION OF AND INFORMATION ON THE OPTIONAL PROTOCOL
Each State party undertakes to make widely known and to disseminate the present Protocol and to facilitate access to information about the views and recommendations of the Committee, in particular with regard to matters involving the State party, by appropriate and active means and in accessible formats to adults and children alike, including those with disabilities.
SIGNATURE, RATIFICATION AND ACCESSION
1. The present Protocol is open for signature to any State that has signed, ratified or acceded to the Convention or either of the first two Optional Protocols thereto.
2. The present Protocol is subject to ratification by any State that has ratified or acceded to the Convention or either of the first two Optional Protocols thereto. Instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
3. The present Protocol shall be open to accession by any State that has ratified or acceded to the Convention or either of the first two Optional Protocols thereto.
4. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General.
1. The present Protocol shall enter into force three months after the deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification or accession.
2. For each State ratifying the present Protocol or acceding to it after the deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification or instrument of accession, the present Protocol shall enter into force three months after the date of the deposit of its own instrument of ratification or accession.
VIOLATIONS OCCURRING AFTER THE ENTRY INTO FORCE
1. The Committee shall have competence solely in respect of violations by the State party of any of the rights set forth in the Convention and/or the first two Optional Protocols thereto occurring after the entry into force of the present Protocol.
2. If a State becomes a party to the present Protocol after its entry into force, the obligations of that State vis-à-vis the Committee shall relate only to violations of the rights set forth in the Convention and/or the first two Optional Protocols thereto occurring after the entry into force of the present Protocol for the State concerned.
1. Any State party may propose an amendment to the present Protocol and submit it to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Secretary-General shall communicate any proposed amendments to States parties with a request to be notified whether they favour a meeting of States parties for the purpose of considering and deciding upon the proposals. In the event that, within four months of the date of such communication, at least one third of the States parties favour such a meeting, the Secretary-General shall convene the meeting under the auspices of the United Nations. Any amendment adopted by a majority of two thirds of the States parties present and voting shall be submitted by the Secretary-General to the General Assembly for approval and, thereafter, to all States parties for acceptance.
2. An amendment adopted and approved in accordance with paragraph 1 of the present article shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the number of instruments of acceptance deposited reaches two thirds of the number of States parties at the date of adoption of the amendment. Thereafter, the amendment shall enter into force for any State party on the thirtieth day following the deposit of its own instrument of acceptance. An amendment shall be binding only on those States parties that have accepted it.
1. Any State party may denounce the present Protocol at any time by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The denunciation shall take effect one year after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General.
2. Denunciation shall be without prejudice to the continued application of the provisions of the present Protocol to any communication submitted under articles 5 or 12 or any inquiry initiated under article 13 before the effective date of denunciation.
DEPOSITARY AND NOTIFICATION BY THE SECRETARY-GENERAL
1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the depositary of the present Protocol.
2. The Secretary-General shall inform all States of:
(a) Signatures, ratifications and accessions under the present Protocol;
(b) The date of entry into force of the present Protocol and of any amendment thereto under article 21;
(c) Any denunciation under article 22 of the present Protocol.
1. The present Protocol, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.
2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall transmit certified copies of the present Protocol to all States.
IZBIRNI PROTOKOL H KONVENCIJI O OTROKOVIH PRAVICAH GLEDE POSTOPKA SPOROČANJA KRŠITEV
Države pogodbenice tega protokola so se
ob upoštevanju, da je v skladu z načeli iz Ustanovne listine Organizacije združenih narodov priznanje prirojenega človekovega dostojanstva ter enakih in neodtujljivih pravic vseh ljudi temelj svobode, pravičnosti in miru na svetu,
ob ugotovitvi, da države pogodbenice Konvencije o otrokovih pravicah (v nadaljnjem besedilu: konvencija) priznavajo v njej zapisane pravice vsakemu otroku v svoji pristojnosti, brez kakršnega koli razlikovanja, ne glede na raso, barvo kože, spol, jezik, veroizpoved, politično ali drugo prepričanje, narodno, etnično ali družbeno poreklo, premoženje, invalidnost, rojstvo ali kakršen koli drug položaj otroka, njegovih staršev ali skrbnika,
ob potrditvi univerzalnosti, nedeljivosti, soodvisnosti in medsebojne povezanosti vseh človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin,
ob potrditvi, da je otrok nosilec pravic in človeško bitje z dostojanstvom, katerega sposobnosti se še razvijajo,
ob priznavanju, da imajo otroci zaradi posebnega in odvisnega položaja lahko težave pri dostopu do pravnih sredstev ob kršitvah njihovih pravic,
ob upoštevanju, da bo ta protokol okrepil in dopolnil državne in regionalne mehanizme, ki otrokom omogočajo, da se pritožijo zaradi kršitev svojih pravic,
ob priznavanju, da bi morala biti pri uporabi pravnih sredstev ob kršitvah otrokovih pravic otrokova največja korist glavno vodilo in da je treba pri tem na vseh ravneh upoštevati potrebo po otroku prilagojenih postopkih,
ob spodbujanju držav pogodbenic, naj razvijejo ustrezne državne mehanizme, ki bodo otroku, čigar pravice so bile kršene, omogočili dostop do učinkovitih pravnih sredstev na državni ravni,
ob upoštevanju pomembne vloge, ki jo lahko imajo institucije za varstvo človekovih pravic na ravni države in druge institucije, specializirane za spodbujanje spoštovanja otrokovih pravic in njihovo varstvo,
ob upoštevanju, da bi bilo treba za okrepitev in dopolnitev takšnih državnih mehanizmov ter za učinkovitejše izvajanje konvencije in njenih izbirnih protokolov glede prodaje otrok, otroške prostitucije in otroške pornografije ter glede udeležbe otrok v oboroženih spopadih Odboru za otrokove pravice (v nadaljnjem besedilu: odbor) omogočiti izvajanje nalog iz tega protokola,
dogovorile:
1. ČLEN
PRISTOJNOST ODBORA ZA OTROKOVE PRAVICE
1. Države pogodbenice tega protokola priznavajo pristojnost odbora, ki jo določa ta protokol.
2. Odbor svoje pristojnosti v zvezi z državami pogodbenicami tega protokola ne izvaja v zadevah, ki se nanašajo na kršitve pravic iz določenega mednarodnega akta, če država ni njegova pogodbenica.
3. Odbor ne sprejema sporočil o kršitvah v zvezi z državo, ki ni pogodbenica tega protokola.
2. ČLEN
SPLOŠNA NAČELA PRI DELOVANJU ODBORA
Pri opravljanju nalog po protokolu mora biti glavno vodilo odbora otrokova korist. Odbor prav tako upošteva otrokove pravice in mnenja, o tehtnosti izraženih mnenj pa presoja v skladu z otrokovo starostjo in zrelostjo.
3. ČLEN
1. Odbor za opravljanje nalog po tem protokolu sprejme poslovnik. Da zagotovi otroku prilagojene postopke, pri tem upošteva zlasti 2. člen.
2. Odbor v poslovnik vključi varovala, da osebam, ki otroka zastopajo, prepreči manipuliranje z njim, in lahko odkloni obravnavo sporočil o kršitvah, ki po njegovi oceni niso v otrokovo korist.
4. ČLEN
1. Države pogodbenice z vsemi potrebnimi ukrepi zagotovijo, da posameznikom v njihovi pristojnosti niso kršene človekove pravice in da niso trpinčeni ali ustrahovani zaradi sporočanja kršitev odboru ali sodelovanja z njim po tem protokolu.
2. Identiteta posameznika ali posameznikov se brez njihovega izrecnega soglasja ne razkrije javnosti.
POSTOPEK SPOROČANJA KRŠITEV
5. ČLEN
SPOROČILA POSAMEZNIKOV O KRŠITVAH
1. Sporočilo o kršitvi lahko predloži posameznik ali več posameznikov v pristojnosti države pogodbenice ali v njihovem imenu nekdo drug, če jim po njihovem mnenju država pogodbenica krši katero od pravic iz teh mednarodnih aktov, katerih pogodbenica je:
(a) konvencije,
(b) izbirnega protokola h konvenciji glede prodaje otrok, otroške prostitucije in otroške pornografije,
(c) izbirnega protokola h konvenciji glede udeležbe otrok v oboroženih spopadih.
2. Kadar se sporočilo o kršitvi predloži v imenu posameznika ali več posameznikov, je potrebno njihovo soglasje, razen če predlagatelj ne upraviči ukrepanja v njihovem imenu brez soglasja.
6. ČLEN
1. Odbor lahko kadar koli od prejema sporočila o kršitvi do sprejetja odločitve o utemeljenosti državi pogodbenici pošlje nujno zahtevo, naj ta v izrednih okoliščinah sprejme potrebne začasne ukrepe, da bi se izognili nepopravljivi škodi za žrtev ali žrtve domnevne kršitve.
2. Če odbor izkoristi možnost iz prejšnjega odstavka, to še ne pomeni odločanja o dopustnosti ali utemeljenosti sporočila o kršitvi.
7. ČLEN
Odbor presodi, da sporočilo o kršitvi ni dopustno, če:
(a) je anonimno;
(b) ni pisno;
(c) pomeni zlorabo pravice do predložitve sporočil o kršitvah ali ni v skladu z določbami konvencije ali njenih izbirnih protokolov;
(d) je odbor zadevo že obravnaval ali je ta bila ali je obravnavana v drugem mednarodnem postopku ali poravnavi;
(e) niso bila izčrpana vsa notranjepravna sredstva. To ne velja, kadar je uporaba pravnih sredstev nerazumno dolgotrajna ali verjetno ne bo prinesla učinkovite rešitve;
(f) je očitno neutemeljeno ali nezadostno utemeljeno;
(g) so dejstva iz sporočila o kršitvi nastala pred začetkom veljavnosti protokola za državo pogodbenico, razen če se dejstva ne nadaljujejo;
(h) ni predloženo v enem letu po izčrpanju notranjepravnih sredstev, razen če predlagatelj ne dokaže, da v tem času sporočila o kršitvi ni bilo mogoče predložiti.
8. ČLEN
POSREDOVANJE SPOROČIL O KRŠITVAH
1. Odbor državo pogodbenico čim prej zaupno seznani z vsakim sporočilom o kršitvi, ki ga prejme v skladu s protokolom, razen če ne presodi, da je nedopustno.
2. Država pogodbenica odboru pošlje pisna pojasnila ali izjave, ki pojasnjujejo zadevo in morebitna uporabljena pravna sredstva. Odgovor pošlje čim prej, vendar najpozneje v šestih mesecih.
9. ČLEN
1. Odbor vpletenim stranem ponudi svoje dobre usluge za dosego prijateljske poravnave v zadevi, ki temelji na spoštovanju obveznosti iz konvencije ali njenih izbirnih protokolov.
2. Z dogovorom o prijateljski poravnavi ob pomoči odbora se obravnava sporočila o kršitvi po protokolu konča.
10. ČLEN
OBRAVNAVA SPOROČIL O KRŠITVAH
1. Odbor sporočila o kršitvah po tem protokolu obravnava čim prej ob upoštevanju vse prejete dokumentacije, če je ta posredovana vpletenim stranem.
2. Odbor sporočila o kršitvah po tem protokolu obravnava na zaprtih zasedanjih.
3. Če je odbor zahteval začasne ukrepe, sporočilo o kršitvah obravnava pospešeno.
4. Pri preučevanju sporočil o domnevnih kršitvah ekonomskih, socialnih ali kulturnih pravic odbor preuči upravičenost ukrepov, ki jih je sprejela država pogodbenica v skladu s 4. členom konvencije. Pri tem upošteva, da lahko država pogodbenica sprejme vrsto dodatnih ukrepov za izvajanje ekonomskih, socialnih in kulturnih pravic iz konvencije.
5. Po preučitvi sporočila o kršitvah odbor vpletenim stranem takoj pošlje svoje ugotovitve v zvezi s tem skupaj z morebitnimi priporočili.
11. ČLEN
1. Država pogodbenica preuči ugotovitve in morebitna priporočila odbora ter mu pošlje pisni odgovor, skupaj z informacijami o izvedenih ali predvidenih ukrepih na podlagi njegovih ugotovitev in priporočil. Odgovor pošlje čim prej, vendar najpozneje v šestih mesecih.
2. Odbor lahko državo pogodbenico pozove, naj mu predloži dodatne informacije o ukrepih, ki jih je sprejela na podlagi njegovih ugotovitev ali priporočil, ali o izvajanju dogovorov iz prijateljske poravnave in jih po potrebi vključi tudi v nadaljnja redna poročila v skladu s 44. členom konvencije, 12. členom izbirnega protokola glede prodaje otrok, otroške prostitucije in otroške pornografije ali z 8. členom izbirnega protokola h konvenciji glede udeležbe otrok v oboroženih spopadih.
12. ČLEN
SPOROČILA O KRŠITVAH, KI JIH PREDLOŽI DRUGA DRŽAVA
1. Država pogodbenica tega protokola lahko kadar koli izjavi, da priznava pristojnost odbora za sprejem in obravnavo sporočil držav pogodbenic o kršitvah obveznosti druge države pogodbenice po teh mednarodnih aktih, katerih pogodbenica je:
(a) konvenciji,
(b) izbirnem protokolu h konvenciji glede prodaje otrok, otroške prostitucije in otroške pornografije,
(c) izbirnem protokolu h konvenciji glede udeležbe otrok v oboroženih spopadih.
2. Odbor ne sprejema sporočil o kršitvah v državi pogodbenici, ki ni dala take izjave, niti sporočil o kršitvah iz države pogodbenice, ki ni dala take izjave.
3. Odbor državam pogodbenicam ponudi svoje dobre usluge za dosego sporazumne rešitve zadeve ob spoštovanju obveznosti iz konvencije in njenih izbirnih protokolov.
4. Države pogodbenice deponirajo izjavo iz prvega odstavka pri generalnem sekretarju Organizacije združenih narodov, ki kopije pošlje drugim državam pogodbenicam. Izjavo je mogoče kadar koli umakniti z uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju. Umik ne vpliva na obravnavo že predloženega sporočila o kršitvah po tem členu; potem ko generalni sekretar prejme uradno obvestilo o umiku, odbor ne sprejema nadaljnjih sporočil o kršitvah od drugih držav pogodbenic po tem členu, razen če država pogodbenica ne da nove izjave.
13. ČLEN
POSTOPEK PREISKAVE ZA HUDE ALI SISTEMATIČNE KRŠITVE
1. Če odbor prejme zanesljive informacije, da država pogodbenica grobo ali sistematično krši pravice iz konvencije ali njenih protokolov glede prodaje otrok, otroške prostitucije in otroške pornografije ali glede udeležbe otrok v oboroženih spopadih, jo pozove, naj sodeluje pri preučitvi informacij in v zvezi s tem brez odlašanja predloži svoja opažanja glede obravnavanih informacij.
2. Odbor lahko ob upoštevanju vseh opažanj države pogodbenice in drugih zanesljivih informacij, ki so mu na voljo, določi enega ali več svojih članov, da izvedejo preiskavo in mu nemudoma poročajo. Če je to upravičeno in država pogodbenica s tem soglaša, lahko preiskava vključuje obisk na njenem ozemlju.
3. Preiskava je zaupna, državo pa se zaprosi za sodelovanje v celotnem postopku.
4. Odbor preuči izsledke preiskave in jih nemudoma sporoči državi pogodbenici skupaj z morebitnimi pripombami in priporočili.
5. Država pogodbenica čim prej, vendar najpozneje v šestih mesecih po prejemu izsledkov, pripomb in priporočil odboru pošlje svoje mnenje.
6. Ko je preiskava po drugem odstavku končana, se lahko odbor po posvetu z državo pogodbenico odloči, da v poročilo iz 16. člena vključi povzetek ugotovitev postopka.
7. Države pogodbenice lahko ob podpisu ali ratifikaciji tega protokola ali pristopu k njemu izjavijo, da ne priznavajo pristojnosti odbora po tem členu glede pravic iz katerega koli mednarodnega akta iz prvega odstavka.
8. Država pogodbenica, ki je dala izjavo v skladu s prejšnjim odstavkom, jo lahko kadar koli umakne z uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Organizacije združenih narodov.
14. ČLEN
1. Odbor lahko po izteku šestmesečnega roka iz petega odstavka 13. člena pozove državo pogodbenico, da ga obvesti o izvedenih in načrtovanih ukrepih na podlagi preiskave po 13. členu.
2. Odbor lahko državo pogodbenico pozove, naj mu predloži dodatne informacije o vseh ukrepih, ki jih je sprejela na podlagi preiskave po 13. členu, in jih po potrebi vključi v nadaljnja redna poročila v skladu s 44. členom konvencije, 12. členom izbirnega protokola glede prodaje otrok, otroške prostitucije in otroške pornografije ali 8. členom izbirnega protokola glede udeležbe otrok v oboroženih spopadih.
15. ČLEN
MEDNARODNA POMOČ IN SODELOVANJE
1. Odbor lahko s soglasjem države pogodbenice specializiranim agencijam Organizacije združenih narodov, skladom, programom in drugim pristojnim telesom posreduje mnenja in priporočila glede sporočil o kršitvah in preiskav, pri katerih bi bilo potrebno tehnično svetovanje ali pomoč, skupaj z morebitnimi opažanji in predlogi države pogodbenice o teh mnenjih ali priporočilih.
2. Odbor lahko s soglasjem države pogodbenice ta telesa opozori na kar koli v zvezi s sporočili o kršitvah, obravnavanimi po tem protokolu, kar bi jim bilo v zadevah iz njihove pristojnosti v pomoč pri odločanju o primernosti mednarodnih ukrepov, ki bi lahko prispevali k napredku držav pogodbenic pri udejanjanju pravic po konvenciji ali njenih izbirnih protokolih.
16. ČLEN
POROČANJE GENERALNI SKUPŠČINI
Odbor v poročilo, ki ga v skladu s petim odstavkom 44. člena konvencije vsaki dve leti predloži Generalni skupščini, vključi povzetek svojih dejavnosti po tem protokolu.
17. ČLEN
OZAVEŠČANJE O IZBIRNEM PROTOKOLU
Država pogodbenica si prizadeva za ozaveščanje javnosti o tem protokolu ter odraslim in otrokom, tudi tistim s posebnimi potrebami, na ustrezen način in v prilagojenih oblikah dejavno omogoča dostop do informacij o mnenjih in priporočilih odbora, zlasti glede zadev, ki se nanašajo nanjo.
18. ČLEN
PODPIS, RATIFIKACIJA IN PRISTOP
1. Ta protokol je na voljo za podpis državam, ki so podpisale ali ratificirale konvencijo ali k njej pristopile ali so podpisale ali ratificirale enega od njenih prvih dveh izbirnih protokolov ali k enemu od njiju pristopile.
2. Ta protokol lahko ratificira država, ki je ratificirala konvencijo ali k njej pristopila ali je ratificirala enega od njenih prvih dveh izbirnih protokolov ali k enemu od njiju pristopila. Listine o ratifikaciji se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Organizacije združenih narodov.
3. K temu protokolu lahko pristopi država, ki je ratificirala konvencijo ali k njej pristopila ali je ratificirala enega od njenih prvih dveh izbirnih protokolov ali k enemu od njiju pristopila.
4. Pristop se izvede z deponiranjem listine o pristopu pri generalnem sekretarju.
19. ČLEN
1. Ta protokol začne veljati tri mesece po deponiranju desete listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu.
2. Za državo, ki ta protokol ratificira ali k njemu pristopi po deponiranju desete listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu, začne protokol veljati tri mesece po dnevu deponiranja njene listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu.
20. ČLEN
KRŠITVE PRAVIC PO ZAČETKU VELJAVNOSTI PROTOKOLA
1. Odbor je pristojen samo za kršitve pravic iz konvencije ali njenih prvih dveh izbirnih protokolov, do katerih v državi pogodbenici pride po začetku veljavnosti tega protokola.
2. Če država postane pogodbenica tega protokola po začetku njegove veljavnosti, se njene obveznosti do odbora nanašajo samo na kršitve pravic iz konvencije ali njenih prvih dveh izbirnih protokolov, do katerih pride po začetku veljavnosti tega protokola zanjo.
21. ČLEN
1. Država pogodbenica lahko predlaga spremembo tega protokola in jo predloži generalnemu sekretarju Organizacije združenih narodov. Ta države pogodbenice seznani z vsemi predlogi sprememb in jih hkrati zaprosi, naj ga uradno obvestijo, ali želijo sklic konference držav pogodbenic za obravnavo predlogov in odločanje o njih. Če v štirih mesecih od datuma njegovega sporočila vsaj ena tretjina držav pogodbenic podpre konferenco, generalni sekretar skliče konferenco pod pokroviteljstvom Organizacije združenih narodov. Vsako spremembo, ki jo sprejme dvotretjinska večina držav pogodbenic, ki so navzoče in glasujejo, generalni sekretar predloži v potrditev Generalni skupščini in nato v sprejetje državam pogodbenicam.
2. Sprememba, sprejeta in potrjena v skladu s prejšnjim odstavkom, začne veljati trideseti dan po tem, ko listine o sprejetju deponirata dve tretjini držav, ki so pogodbenice na dan sprejetja spremembe. Za druge države pogodbenice začne sprememba veljati trideseti dan po deponiranju njihove listine o sprejetju. Sprememba zavezuje samo tiste države pogodbenice, ki jo sprejmejo.
22. ČLEN
1. Država pogodbenica lahko protokol kadar koli odpove s pisnim uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Organizacije združenih narodov. Odpoved začne veljati eno leto po dnevu, ko generalni sekretar uradno obvestilo prejme.
2. Določbe tega protokola se še naprej uporabljajo za vsa sporočila o kršitvah po 5. ali 12. členu, predložena pred dnevom začetka veljavnosti odpovedi, in za vse že začete preiskave v skladu s 13. členom.
23. ČLEN
DEPOZITAR IN URADNA OBVESTILA GENERALNEGA SEKRETARJA
1. Depozitar tega protokola je generalni sekretar Organizacije združenih narodov.
2. Generalni sekretar vse države obvešča o:
(a) podpisih, ratifikacijah in pristopih k protokolu,
(b) datumu začetka veljavnosti protokola in o vseh spremembah v skladu z 21. členom,
(c) odpovedih v skladu z 22. členom tega protokola.
24. ČLEN
1. Ta protokol, katerega besedila v angleškem, arabskem, francoskem, kitajskem, ruskem in španskem jeziku so enako verodostojna, se hrani v arhivu Organizacije združenih narodov.
2. Generalni sekretar Organizacije združenih narodov pošlje overjene kopije protokola vsem državam.
Republika Slovenija ob deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji sporoči naslednjo izjavo:
»Republika Slovenija v zvezi s prvim odstavkom 12. člena Izbirnega protokola h Konvenciji o otrokovih pravicah glede postopka sporočanja kršitev priznava pristojnost Odbora za otrokove pravice za sprejem in obravnavo sporočil držav pogodbenic o kršitvah obveznosti druge države pogodbenice po mednarodnih aktih iz tega odstavka.«.
Za izvajanje protokola skrbi ministrstvo, pristojno za družino.
Vlada Republike Slovenije za izvajanje protokola v roku treh mesecev od dneva deponiranja listine o ratifikaciji sprejme uredbo.
Za koordinacijo priprave odgovorov, pojasnil, izjav, stališč, informacij, opažanj, mnenj, obvestil, soglasij, začasnih ukrepov in dogovorov Vlade Republike Slovenije na poziv Odbora za otrokove pravice v zvezi z izvajanjem protokola v Republiki Sloveniji je pristojno ministrstvo iz 4. člena tega zakona. Ministrstva in organi, ki so vsebinsko pristojni za posamezna področja otrokovih pravic, pripravijo in posredujejo potrebno gradivo ter sodelujejo pri pripravi odgovorov, pojasnil, izjav, stališč, informacij, opažanj, mnenj, obvestil, soglasij, začasnih ukrepov in dogovorov Vlade Republike Slovenije v zvezi z izvajanjem protokola.
Ta zakon začne veljati petnajsti dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 542-01/12-1/12
Ljubljana, dne 20. marca 2018
EPA 116-VI
dr. Milan Brglez l.r.
