Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam
o razglasitvi Zakona o ratifikaciji Konvencije Sveta Evrope o dostopu do uradnih dokumentov (MKSEDUD)
Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Konvencije Sveta Evrope o dostopu do uradnih dokumentov (MKSEDUD), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji dne 24. januarja 2023.
Št. 003-02-3/2022-20
Ljubljana, dne 1. februarja 2023
O RATIFIKACIJI KONVENCIJE SVETA EVROPE O DOSTOPU DO URADNIH DOKUMENTOV (MKSEDUD)
1. člen
Ratificira se Konvencija Sveta Evrope o dostopu do uradnih dokumentov, sestavljena v Tromsu 18. junija 2009.
Konvencija se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:
COUNCIL OF EUROPE CONVENTION
ON ACCESS TO OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS
The member States of the Council of Europe and the other signatories hereto,
Considering that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve greater unity between its members for the purpose of safeguarding and realising the ideals and principles which are their common heritage;
Bearing in mind, in particular, Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Articles 6, 8 and 10 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the United Nations Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus, 25 June 1998) and the Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data of 28 January 1981 (ETS No. 108);
Bearing in mind also the Declaration of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on the freedom of expression and information, adopted on 29 April 1982, as well as recommendations of the Committee of Ministers to member States No. R (81) 19 on the access to information held by public authorities, No. R (91) 10 on the communication to third parties of personal data held by public bodies, No. R (97) 18 concerning the protection of personal data collected and processed for statistical purposes, No. R (2000) 13 on a European policy on access to archives and Rec(2002)2 on access to official documents;
Considering the importance in a pluralistic, democratic society of transparency of public authorities;
Considering that exercise of a right to access to official documents:
i provides a source of information for the public;
ii helps the public to form an opinion on the state of society and on public authorities;
iii fosters the integrity, efficiency, effectiveness and accountability of public authorities, so helping affirm their legitimacy;
Considering, therefore, that all official documents are in principle public and can be withheld subject only to the protection of other rights and legitimate interests,
Have agreed as follows:
Article 1 – General provisions
1 The principles set out hereafter should be understood without prejudice to those domestic laws and regulations and to international treaties which recognise a wider right of access to official documents.
2 For the purposes of this Convention:
| a | i “public authorities” means: |
1 government and administration at national, regional and local level;
2 legislative bodies and judicial authorities insofar as they perform administrative functions according to national law;
3 natural or legal persons insofar as they exercise administrative authority.
ii Each Party may, at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, declare that the definition of “public authorities” also includes one or more of the following:
1 legislative bodies as regards their other activities;
2 judicial authorities as regards their other activities;
3 natural or legal persons insofar as they perform public functions or operate with public funds, according to national law.
b “official documents” means all information recorded in any form, drawn up or received and held by public authorities.
Article 2 – Right of access to official documents
1 Each Party shall guarantee the right of everyone, without discrimination on any ground, to have access, on request, to official documents held by public authorities.
2 Each Party shall take the necessary measures in its domestic law to give effect to the provisions for access to official documents set out in this Convention.
3 These measures shall be taken at the latest at the time of entry into force of this Convention in respect of that Party.
Article 3 – Possible limitations to access to official documents
1 Each Party may limit the right of access to official documents. Limitations shall be set down precisely in law, be necessary in a democratic society and be proportionate to the aim of protecting:
a national security, defence and international relations;
b public safety;
c the prevention, investigation and prosecution of criminal activities;
d disciplinary investigations;
e inspection, control and supervision by public authorities;
f privacy and other legitimate private interests;
g commercial and other economic interests;
h the economic, monetary and exchange rate policies of the State;
i the equality of parties in court proceedings and the effective administration of justice;
j environment; or
k the deliberations within or between public authorities concerning the examination of a matter.
Concerned States may, at the time of signature or when depositing their instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, declare that communication with the reigning Family and its Household or the Head of State shall also be included among the possible limitations.
2 Access to information contained in an official document may be refused if its disclosure would or would be likely to harm any of the interests mentioned in paragraph 1, unless there is an overriding public interest in disclosure.
3 The Parties shall consider setting time limits beyond which the limitations mentioned in paragraph 1 would no longer apply.
Article 4 – Requests for access to official documents
1 An applicant for an official document shall not be obliged to give reasons for having access to the official document.
2 Parties may give applicants the right to remain anonymous except when disclosure of identity is essential in order to process the request.
3 Formalities for requests shall not exceed what is essential in order to process the request.
Article 5 – Processing of requests for access to official documents
1 The public authority shall help the applicant, as far as reasonably possible, to identify the requested official document.
2 A request for access to an official document shall be dealt with by any public authority holding the document. If the public authority does not hold the requested official document or if it is not authorised to process that request, it shall, wherever possible, refer the application or the applicant to the competent public authority.
3 Requests for access to official documents shall be dealt with on an equal basis.
4 A request for access to an official document shall be dealt with promptly. The decision shall be reached, communicated and executed as soon as possible or within a reasonable time limit which has been specified beforehand.
5 A request for access to an official document may be refused:
i if, despite the assistance from the public authority, the request remains too vague to allow the official document to be identified; or
ii if the request is manifestly unreasonable.
6 A public authority refusing access to an official document wholly or in part shall give the reasons for the refusal. The applicant has the right to receive on request a written justification from this public authority for the refusal.
Article 6 – Forms of access to official documents
1 When access to an official document is granted, the applicant has the right to choose whether to inspect the original or a copy, or to receive a copy of it in any available form or format of his or her choice unless the preference expressed is unreasonable.
2 If a limitation applies to some of the information in an official document, the public authority should nevertheless grant access to the remainder of the information it contains. Any omissions should be clearly indicated. However, if the partial version of the document is misleading or meaningless, or if it poses a manifestly unreasonable burden for the authority to release the remainder of the document, such access may be refused.
3 The public authority may give access to an official document by referring the applicant to easily accessible alternative sources.
Article 7 – Charges for access to official documents
1 Inspection of official documents on the premises of a public authority shall be free of charge. This does not prevent Parties from laying down charges for services in this respect provided by archives and museums.
2 A fee may be charged to the applicant for a copy of the official document, which should be reasonable and not exceed the actual costs of reproduction and delivery of the document. Tariffs of charges shall be published.
Article 8 – Review procedure
1 An applicant whose request for an official document has been denied, expressly or impliedly, whether in part or in full, shall have access to a review procedure before a court or another independent and impartial body established by law.
2 An applicant shall always have access to an expeditious and inexpensive review procedure, involving either reconsideration by a public authority or review in accordance with paragraph 1.
Article 9 – Complementary measures
The Parties shall inform the public about its right of access to official documents and how that right may be exercised. They shall also take appropriate measures to:
a educate public authorities in their duties and obligations with respect to the implementation of this right;
b provide information on the matters or activities for which they are responsible;
c manage their documents efficiently so that they are easily accessible; and
d apply clear and established rules for the preservation and destruction of their documents.
Article 10 – Documents made public at the initiative of the public authorities
At its own initiative and where appropriate, a public authority shall take the necessary measures to make public official documents which it holds in the interest of promoting the transparency and efficiency of public administration and to encourage informed participation by the public in matters of general interest.
Article 11 – Group of Specialists on Access to Official Documents
1 A Group of Specialists on Access to Official Documents shall meet at least once a year with a view to monitoring the implementation of this Convention by the Parties, notably:
a reporting on the adequacy of the measures in law and practice taken by the Parties to give effect to the provisions set out in this Convention;
| b | i expressing opinions on any question concerning the application of this Convention; |
ii making proposals to facilitate or improve the effective use and implementation of this Convention, including the identification of any problems;
iii exchanging information and reporting on significant legal, policy or technological developments;
iv making proposals to the Consultation of Parties for the amendment of this Convention;
v formulating its opinion on any proposal for the amendment of this Convention made in accordance with Article 19.
2 The Group of Specialists may request information and opinions from civil society.
3 The Group of Specialists shall consist of a minimum of 10 and a maximum of 15 members. The members are elected by the Consultation of Parties for a period of four years, renewable once, from a list of experts, each Party proposing two experts. They shall be chosen from among persons of the highest integrity recognised for their competence in the field of access to official documents. A maximum of one member may be elected from the list proposed by each Party.
4 The members of the Group of Specialists shall sit in their individual capacity, be independent and impartial in the exercise of their functions and shall not receive any instructions from governments.
5 The election procedure of the members of the Group of Specialists shall be determined by the Committee of Ministers, after consulting with and obtaining the unanimous consent of the Parties to the Convention, within a period of one year following the entry into force of this Convention. The Group of Specialists shall adopt its own rules of procedure.
Article 12 – Consultation of the Parties
1 The Consultation of the Parties shall be composed of one representative per Party.
2 The Consultation of the Parties shall take place with a view to:
a considering the reports, opinions and proposals of the Group of Specialists;
b making proposals and recommendations to the Parties;
c making proposals for the amendment of this Convention in accordance with Article 19;
d formulating its opinion on any proposal for the amendment of this Convention made in accordance with Article 19.
3 The Consultation of the Parties shall be convened by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe within one year after the entry into force of this Convention in order to elect the members of the Group of Specialists. It shall subsequently meet at least once every 4 years and in any case, when the majority of the Parties, the Committee of Ministers or the Secretary General of the Council of Europe requests its convocation. The Consultation of the Parties shall adopt its own rules of procedure.
4 After each meeting, the Consultation of the Parties shall submit to the Committee of Ministers an activity report.
The Consultation of the Parties and the Group of Specialists shall be assisted by the Secretariat of the Council of Europe in carrying out their functions pursuant to this Section.
1 Within a period of one year following the entry into force of this Convention in respect of a Contracting Party, the latter shall transmit to the Group of Specialists a report containing full information on the legislative and other measures taken to give effect to the provisions of this Convention.
2 Thereafter, each Party shall transmit to the Group of Specialists before each meeting of the Consultation of the Parties an update of the information mentioned in paragraph 1.
3 Each Party shall also transmit to the Group of Specialists any information that it requests to fulfil its tasks.
The reports submitted by Parties to the Group of Specialists, the reports, proposals and opinions of the Group of Specialists and the activity reports of the Consultation of the Parties shall be made public.
Article 16 – Signature and entry into force of the Convention
1 This Convention shall be open for signature by the member States of the Council of Europe.
2 This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
3 This Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of three months after the date on which 10 member States of the Council of Europe have expressed their consent to be bound by the Convention in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2.
4 In respect of any Signatory State which subsequently expresses its consent to be bound by it, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of three months after the date of the expression of its consent to be bound by the Convention in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2.
Article 17 – Accession to the Convention
1 After the entry into force of this Convention, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe may, after consulting the Parties to this Convention and obtaining their unanimous consent, invite any State which is not a member of the Council of Europe or any international organisation to accede to this Convention. The decision shall be taken by the majority provided for in Article 20.d of the Statute of the Council of Europe and by unanimous vote of the representatives of the Parties entitled to sit on the Committee of Ministers.
2 In respect of any State or international organisation acceding to the Convention under paragraph 1 above, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of three months after the date of deposit of the instrument of accession with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Article 18 – Territorial application
1 Any State may at the time of signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, specify the territory or territories to which this Convention shall apply.
2 Any State may, at any later date, by a declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, extend the application of this Convention to any other territory specified in the declaration for whose international relations it is responsible. In respect of such territory the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of three months after the date of receipt of such declaration by the Secretary General.
3 Any declaration made under the two preceding paragraphs may, in respect of any territory specified in such declaration, be withdrawn by a notification addressed to the Secretary General. The withdrawal shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of three months after the date of receipt of such notification by the Secretary General.
Article 19 – Amendments to the Convention
1 Amendments to this Convention may be proposed by any Party, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, the Group of Specialists or the Consultation of the Parties.
2 Any proposal for amendment shall be communicated by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe to the Parties.
3 Any amendment shall be communicated to the Consultation of the Parties, which, after having consulted the Group of Specialists, shall submit to the Committee of Ministers its opinion on the proposed amendment.
4 The Committee of Ministers shall consider the proposed amendment and any opinion submitted by the Consultation of the Parties and may approve the amendment.
5 The text of any amendment approved by the Committee of Ministers in accordance with paragraph 4 shall be forwarded to the Parties for acceptance.
6 Any amendment approved in accordance with paragraph 4 shall come into force on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of one month after the date on which all Parties have informed the Secretary General that they have accepted it.
Article 20 – Declarations
Any Party may, at the time of the signature or when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, make one or more of the declarations provided for in Articles 1.2, 3.1 and 18. It shall notify any changes to this information to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
Article 21 – Denunciation
1 Any Party may at any time denounce this Convention by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.
2 Such denunciation shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.
Article 22 – Notification
The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall notify the member States of the Council of Europe and any State and international organisation which has acceded or been invited to accede to this Convention of:
a any signature;
b the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession;
c any date of entry into force of this Convention in accordance with Articles 16 and 17;
d any declaration made under Articles 1.2, 3.1 and 18;
e any other act, notification or communication relating to this Convention.
In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorised thereto, have signed this Convention.
Done at Tromsø, this 18th day of June 2009, in English and French, both texts being equally authentic, in a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the Council of Europe. The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall transmit certified copies to each member State of the Council of Europe and to any State and international organisation invited to accede to this Convention.
O DOSTOPU DO URADNIH DOKUMENTOV
Države članice Sveta Evrope in druge podpisnice konvencije so se
ob upoštevanju, da je cilj Sveta Evrope doseči večjo enotnost med njegovimi članicami zaradi varovanja in uresničevanja idealov in načel, ki so njihova skupna dediščina;
ob upoštevanju zlasti 19. člena Splošne deklaracije človekovih pravic, 6., 8. in 10. člena Konvencije o varstvu človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin, Konvencije o dostopu do informacij, udeležbi javnosti pri odločanju in dostopu do pravnega varstva v okoljskih zadevah (Aarhus, 25. junij 1998) Organizacije združenih narodov ter Konvencije o varstvu posameznikov glede na avtomatsko obdelavo osebnih podatkov z dne 28. januarja 1981 (ETS št. 108);
ob upoštevanju Izjave Odbora ministrov Sveta Evrope o svobodi izražanja in obveščanja, sprejete 29. aprila 1982, in priporočil Odbora ministrov državam članicam št. R (81) 19 o dostopu do informacij, ki jih hranijo javni organi, št. R (91) 10 o sporočanju osebnih podatkov, ki jih imajo javna telesa, tretjim stranem, št. R (97) 18 o varstvu osebnih podatkov, ki se zbirajo in obdelujejo za statistične namene, št. R (2000) 13 o evropski politiki glede dostopa do arhivskega gradiva ter Rec (2002) 2 o dostopu do uradnih dokumentov;
glede na pomen preglednosti dela javnih organov v pluralistični, demokratični družbi;
ob upoštevanju, da uresničevanje pravice dostopa do uradnih dokumentov:
i zagotavlja javnosti vir informacij;
ii pomaga javnosti, da si ustvari mnenje o stanju družbe in javnih organih;
iii krepi integriteto, učinkovitost, uspešnost in odgovornost javnih organov ter s tem pomaga utrjevati njihovo legitimnost;
ob upoštevanju torej, da so vsi uradni dokumenti načeloma javni in da se od tega odstopi samo zaradi varovanja drugih pravic in legitimnih interesov,
dogovorile:
1. člen – splošne določbe
1 Načela v tej konvenciji je treba razumeti tako, da ne posegajo v tisto notranjo zakonodajo in mednarodne pogodbe, ki priznavajo širšo pravico dostopa do uradnih dokumentov.
2 V konvenciji:
| a | i »javni organi« pomeni: |
1 vlada in upravni organi na državni, regionalni in lokalni ravni,
2 zakonodajni in pravosodni organi, kadar izvajajo upravne funkcije v skladu z notranjim pravom,
3 fizične ali pravne osebe, kadar opravljajo naloge upravnega organa;
ii vsaka pogodbenica lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu v izjavi, ki jo naslovi na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, navede, da izraz »javni organi« vključuje tudi enega ali več od naslednjih:
1 zakonodajni organi v zvezi z njihovimi drugimi dejavnostmi,
2 pravosodni organi v zvezi z njihovimi drugimi dejavnostmi,
3 fizične ali pravne osebe, kadar izvajajo javne funkcije ali poslujejo z javnimi sredstvi v skladu z notranjim pravom;
b »uradni dokumenti« pomeni vse informacije v kakršni koli obliki, ki so jih pripravili ali prejeli in jih imajo javni organi.
2. člen – pravica dostopa do uradnih dokumentov
1 Vsaka pogodbenica mora vsakomur brez kakršne koli diskriminacije na zahtevo zagotoviti pravico dostopa do uradnih dokumentov, ki jih imajo javni organi.
2 Vsaka pogodbenica sprejme v svojem notranjem pravu potrebne ukrepe za uveljavitev določb o dostopu do uradnih dokumentov iz te konvencije.
3 Ti ukrepi se sprejmejo najpozneje, ko konvencija začne veljati za to pogodbenico.
3. člen – mogoče omejitve dostopa do uradnih dokumentov
1 Vsaka pogodbenica lahko omeji pravico dostopa do uradnih dokumentov. Omejitve so natančno določene z zakonom, v demokratični družbi nujne in sorazmerne s ciljem varovanja:
a državne varnosti, obrambe in mednarodnih odnosov;
b javne varnosti;
c preprečevanja, preiskovanja in pregona kaznivih dejavnosti;
d disciplinskih preiskav;
e inšpekcijskih, kontrolnih in nadzornih dejavnosti javnih organov;
f zasebnosti in drugih zakonitih zasebnih interesov;
g poslovnih in drugih gospodarskih interesov;
h gospodarske, denarne in tečajne politike države;
i enakopravnosti strank v sodnih postopkih in učinkovitega delovanja sodstva;
j okolja ali
k posvetovanj v javnih organih ali med njimi pri obravnavanju zadev.
Te države lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu z izjavo, ki jo naslovijo na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, navedejo, da je med mogoče omejitve vključeno tudi komuniciranje z vladajočo družino in njenim dvorom ali z voditeljem države.
2 Dostop do informacij v uradnem dokumentu se lahko zavrne, če njihovo razkritje škoduje ali bi verjetno lahko škodovalo katerim koli interesom iz prvega odstavka, razen če ne prevlada javni interes za razkritje.
3 Pogodbenice razmislijo o določitvi rokov, po izteku katerih se omejitve iz prvega odstavka ne bi več uporabljale.
4. člen – zahteva za dostop do uradnih dokumentov
1 Prosilcu za uradni dokument ni treba navesti razlogov za dostop do uradnega dokumenta.
2 Pogodbenice lahko prosilcem dovolijo, da ostanejo anonimni, razen če je razkritje identitete bistveno za obravnavo zahteve.
3 Uradni postopki v zvezi z zahtevami ne smejo zahtevati več od tistega, kar je bistveno za njihovo obravnavo.
5. člen – obravnava zahtev za dostop do uradnih dokumentov
1 Javni organ, kolikor je razumno mogoče, prosilcu pomaga določiti zaprošeni uradni dokument.
2 Zahtevo za dostop do uradnega dokumenta obravnava kateri koli javni organ, ki ima dokument. Če javni organ nima zahtevanega uradnega dokumenta ali ni pooblaščen za obravnavo zahteve, kadar je le mogoče, zahtevo odstopi pristojnemu javnemu organu ali nanj napoti prosilca.
3 Zahteve za dostop do uradnih dokumentov se obravnavajo enakovredno.
4 Zahteva za dostop do uradnega dokumenta se obravnava takoj. Odločitev se sprejme, sporoči in izvede čim prej ali v vnaprej določenem razumnem roku.
5 Zahteva za dostop do uradnega dokumenta se lahko zavrne:
i če kljub pomoči javnega organa ni dovolj jasna, da bi uradni dokument lahko določili, ali
ii če je očitno nerazumna.
6 Javni organ, ki v celoti ali delno zavrne zahtevo za dostop do uradnega dokumenta, navede razloge za zavrnitev. Prosilec ima pravico, da na zahtevo prejme od javnega organa pisno utemeljitev zavrnitve.
6. člen – oblike dostopa do uradnih dokumentov
1 Ko je dostop do uradnega dokumenta odobren, ima prosilec pravico izbrati, ali bo pregledal izvirnik ali kopijo ali prejel kopijo dokumenta v kateri koli razpoložljivi obliki ali na nosilcu po svoji izbiri, razen če ni izražena želja nerazumna.
2 Če za del informacij v uradnem dokumentu velja omejitev, javni organ kljub temu odobri dostop do preostalih informacij, ki jih vsebuje dokument. Vse izpuščene dele je treba jasno označiti. Če pa je delna različica dokumenta zavajajoča ali brez pomena ali če razkritje preostalega dela dokumenta za javni organ pomeni očitno nerazumno breme, se tak dostop lahko zavrne.
3 Javni organ lahko omogoči dostop do uradnega dokumenta tako, da prosilca napoti na druge lahko dostopne vire.
7. člen – plačilo za dostop do uradnih dokumentov
1 Vpogled v uradne dokumente v prostorih javnega organa je brezplačen. To pogodbenicam ne preprečuje, da določijo pristojbine za tovrstne storitve, ki jih opravljajo arhivi in muzeji.
2 Za kopijo uradnega dokumenta se od prosilca lahko zahteva plačilo, ki mora biti razumno in ne sme presegati dejanskih stroškov razmnoževanja in dostave dokumenta. Cenik se objavi.
8. člen – revizijski postopek
1 Prosilec, čigar zahteva za uradni dokument je bila izrecno ali implicitno zavrnjena v celoti ali delno, ima dostop do revizijskega postopka pred sodiščem ali katerim drugim neodvisnim in nepristranskim organom, določenim z zakonom.
2 Prosilec ima vedno dostop do hitrega in poceni revizijskega postopka, v katerem javni organ ponovno preuči zahtevo ali se opravi revizija v skladu s prvim odstavkom.
9. člen – dopolnilni ukrepi
Pogodbenice seznanijo javnost z njeno pravico dostopa do uradnih dokumentov in kako jo lahko uveljavlja. Sprejmejo tudi ustrezne ukrepe, da:
a javne organe usposobijo za njihove dolžnosti in obveznosti pri uveljavljanju te pravice;
b zagotovijo informacije o zadevah ali dejavnostih iz svoje pristojnosti;
c učinkovito ravnajo s svojimi dokumenti, tako da so lahko dostopni, in
d uporabljajo jasna in uveljavljena pravila za hrambo in uničenje svojih dokumentov.
10. člen – dokumenti, dani v javnost na pobudo javnih organov
Javni organ na lastno pobudo, in kadar je to primerno, sprejme potrebne ukrepe, s katerimi da v javnost uradne dokumente, ki jih ima, zaradi spodbujanja preglednosti delovanja in učinkovitosti javne uprave ter spodbujanja sodelovanja obveščene javnosti v zadevah, ki so v splošnem interesu.
11. člen – skupina strokovnjakov za dostop do uradnih dokumentov
1 Skupina strokovnjakov za dostop do uradnih dokumentov se sestane vsaj enkrat letno, da spremlja, kako pogodbenice izvajajo konvencijo, zlasti:
a poročanje o primernosti zakonskih in praktičnih ukrepov, ki jih pogodbenice sprejmejo za izvajanje določb te konvencije;
| b | i izražanje mnenj o katerih koli vprašanjih glede uporabe konvencije; |
ii dajanje predlogov za lažjo ali učinkovitejšo uporabo in izvajanje konvencije, vključno z opredelitvijo katerih koli težav;
iii izmenjavo informacij in poročanje o pomembnejših novostih na pravnem, političnem ali tehnološkem področju;
iv dajanje predlogov Odboru pogodbenic za spremembe konvencije;
v oblikovanje mnenja o katerih koli predlogih za spremembo konvencije, danih v skladu z 19. členom.
2 Skupina strokovnjakov lahko civilno družbo prosi za informacije in mnenje.
3 Skupino strokovnjakov sestavlja najmanj 10 in največ 15 članov. Odbor pogodbenic s seznama strokovnjakov izvoli člane za štiriletno obdobje z možnostjo ene ponovne izvolitve, pri čemer vsaka pogodbenica predlaga dva strokovnjaka. Izbrani so izmed oseb z največjo integriteto in priznano strokovnostjo na področju dostopa do uradnih dokumentov. S seznama, ki ga predlaga posamezna pogodbenica, je lahko izbran največ en član.
4 Člani skupine strokovnjakov delujejo kot posamezniki, so neodvisni in nepristranski pri opravljanju svojih nalog ter ne smejo prejemati kakršnih koli navodil vlad.
5 Postopek izvolitve članov skupine strokovnjakov določi Odbor ministrov po posvetovanju s pogodbenicami konvencije in pridobitvi vseh njihovih soglasij v enem letu po začetku veljavnosti konvencije. Skupina strokovnjakov sprejme svoj poslovnik.
12. člen – odbor pogodbenic
1 V Odboru pogodbenic je po en predstavnik vsake pogodbenice.
2 Odbor pogodbenic se sestane, da:
a obravnava poročila, mnenja in predloge skupine strokovnjakov;
b da predloge in priporočila pogodbenicam;
c da predloge za spremembo konvencije v skladu z 19. členom;
d pripravi mnenje o katerih koli predlogih za spremembo konvencije, danih v skladu z 19. členom.
3 Odbor pogodbenic skliče generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope v enem letu po začetku veljavnosti te konvencije zato, da se izvolijo člani skupine strokovnjakov. Pozneje se sestaja vsaj enkrat vsaka štiri leta ali na zahtevo večine pogodbenic, Odbora ministrov ali generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope. Odbor pogodbenic sprejme svoj poslovnik.
4 Po vsakem sestanku Odbor pogodbenic predloži Odboru ministrov poročilo o delu.
Odboru pogodbenic in skupini strokovnjakov pri izvajanju nalog v skladu s tem poglavjem pomaga sekretariat Sveta Evrope.
1 V enem letu po začetku veljavnosti te konvencije za pogodbenico ta pogodbenica predloži skupini strokovnjakov poročilo z vsemi informacijami o zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepih, ki jih je sprejela za izvajanje določb konvencije.
2 Nato vsaka pogodbenica pred sestankom Odbora pogodbenic predloži skupini strokovnjakov posodobljene informacije iz prvega odstavka.
3 Prav tako vsaka pogodbenica skupini strokovnjakov predloži vse informacije, ki jih skupina zahteva, da bi opravila svoje naloge.
Poročila, ki jih pogodbenice predložijo skupini strokovnjakov, poročila, predlogi in mnenja skupine strokovnjakov in poročila o delu Odbora pogodbenic se objavijo.
16. člen – podpis in začetek veljavnosti konvencije
1 Konvencija je na voljo za podpis državam članicam Sveta Evrope.
2 Konvencijo je treba ratificirati, sprejeti ali odobriti. Listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Sveta Evrope.
3 Konvencija začne veljati prvi dan meseca po poteku treh mesecev po dnevu, ko je deset držav članic Sveta Evrope v skladu z določbami drugega odstavka izrazilo privolitev, da jih konvencija zavezuje.
4 Za državo podpisnico, ki pozneje izrazi privolitev, da jo konvencija zavezuje, ta začne veljati prvi dan meseca po poteku treh mesecev po dnevu, ko je v skladu z določbami drugega odstavka izrazila privolitev, da jo konvencija zavezuje.
17. člen – pristop h konvenciji
1 Po začetku veljavnosti konvencije lahko Odbor ministrov Sveta Evrope po posvetovanju s pogodbenicami konvencije in po pridobitvi vseh njihovih soglasij povabi katero koli državo nečlanico Sveta Evrope ali mednarodno organizacijo, da pristopi h konvenciji. Odločitev se sprejme z večino, določeno v odstavku d 20. člena Statuta Sveta Evrope, in s soglasjem vseh predstavnikov držav pogodbenic, ki imajo pravico biti zastopane v Odboru ministrov.
2 Za vsako državo ali mednarodno organizacijo, ki h konvenciji pristopi v skladu z zgornjim odstavkom, začne konvencija veljati prvi dan meseca po poteku treh mesecev po dnevu deponiranja listine o pristopu pri generalnem sekretarju Sveta Evrope.
18. člen – ozemlja uporabe
1 Vsaka država lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu določi ozemlje ali ozemlja, na katerih se ta konvencija uporablja.
2 Vsaka država lahko kadar koli pozneje z izjavo, naslovljeno na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope, razširi uporabo te konvencije na katero koli ozemlje, ki je navedeno v izjavi in za katerega mednarodne odnose je odgovorna. Za to ozemlje začne konvencija veljati prvi dan meseca po poteku treh mesecev po dnevu, ko generalni sekretar prejme izjavo.
3 Vsaka izjava, dana na podlagi prejšnjih dveh odstavkov, se v zvezi s katerim koli ozemljem, navedenim v tej izjavi, lahko umakne z uradnim obvestilom, naslovljenim na generalnega sekretarja. Umik začne učinkovati prvi dan meseca po poteku treh mesecev po dnevu, ko generalni sekretar prejme uradno obvestilo.
19. člen – spremembe konvencije
1 Spremembe te konvencije lahko predlaga vsaka pogodbenica, Odbor ministrov Sveta Evrope, skupina strokovnjakov ali Odbor pogodbenic.
2 Generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope pošlje vsak predlog za spremembo pogodbenicam.
3 Vsaka sprememba se pošlje Odboru pogodbenic, ki po posvetovanju s skupino strokovnjakov predloži Odboru ministrov svoje mnenje o predlagani spremembi.
4 Odbor ministrov preuči predlagano spremembo in mnenje, ki ga predloži Odbor pogodbenic, in lahko spremembo odobri.
5 Besedilo vsake spremembe, ki ga v skladu s četrtim odstavkom odobri Odbor ministrov, se pošlje pogodbenicam v sprejetje.
6 Vsaka sprememba, odobrena v skladu s četrtim odstavkom, začne veljati prvi dan meseca po poteku enega meseca po dnevu, ko so vse pogodbenice obvestile generalnega sekretarja, da so jo sprejele.
Pogodbenice lahko ob podpisu ali deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu dajo eno ali več izjav v skladu z drugim odstavkom 1. člena, prvim odstavkom 3. člena in 18. členom. O vsaki spremembi izjave uradno obvestijo generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope.
1 Vsaka pogodbenica lahko kadar koli odpove to konvencijo z uradnim obvestilom, naslovljenim na generalnega sekretarja Sveta Evrope.
2 Odpoved začne veljati prvi dan meseca po poteku šestih mesecev po dnevu, ko generalni sekretar prejme uradno obvestilo.
22. člen – uradna obvestila
Generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope države članice Sveta Evrope ter vse države in mednarodne organizacije, ki so pristopile k tej konvenciji ali so bile povabljene, da k njej pristopijo, uradno obvesti o:
a vsakem podpisu;
b deponiranju vsake listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu;
c vsakem datumu začetka veljavnosti te konvencije v skladu s 16. in 17. členom;
d vsaki izjavi v skladu z drugim odstavkom 1. člena, prvim odstavkom 3. člena in 18. členom;
e vsakem drugem dejanju, uradnem obvestilu ali sporočilu v zvezi s to konvencijo.
V potrditev tega so podpisani, ki so bili za to pravilno pooblaščeni, podpisali to konvencijo.
Sestavljeno v Tromsu 18. junija 2009 v angleškem in francoskem jeziku, pri čemer sta besedili enako verodostojni, v enem izvodu, ki se hrani v arhivu Sveta Evrope. Generalni sekretar Sveta Evrope pošlje overjene kopije vsem državam članicam Sveta Evrope ter vsem državam in mednarodnim organizacijam, ki so bile povabljene, da pristopijo k tej konvenciji.
Republika Slovenija daje naslednjo izjavo:
»V skladu z drugim odstavkom 1. člena konvencije Republika Slovenija izjavlja, da izraz »javni organi« vključuje tudi:
1. zakonodajne organe v zvezi z njihovimi drugimi dejavnostmi,
2. pravosodne organe v zvezi z njihovimi drugimi dejavnostmi,
3. fizične ali pravne osebe, kadar izvajajo javne funkcije ali poslujejo z javnimi sredstvi v skladu z notranjim pravom.«.
Za izvajanje konvencije skrbi ministrstvo, pristojno za javno upravo.
Ta zakon začne veljati petnajsti dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.
Št. 010-01/09-19/11
Ljubljana, dne 24. januarja 2023
EPA 394-V
mag. Urška Klakočar Zupančič
