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Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam

Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Konvencije o zmanjšanju števila oseb brez državljanstva (MKZŠOBD), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji dne 30. januarja 2025.

Št. 003-02-1/2025-5

Ljubljana, dne 7. februarja 2025

Ratificira se Konvencija o zmanjšanju števila oseb brez državljanstva, sestavljena v New Yorku 30. avgusta 1961.

Konvencija¹ se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku in prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:

¹ Besedilo konvencije v kitajskem, francoskem, ruskem in španskem jeziku je na vpogled na Sektorju za mednarodno pravo Ministrstva za zunanje in evropske zadeve.

The Contracting States,

Acting in pursuance of resolution 896 (IX), adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 4 December 1954,

Considering it desirable to reduce statelessness by international agreement,

Have agreed as follows:

1. A Contracting State shall grant its nationality to a person born in its territory who would otherwise be stateless. Such nationality shall be granted:

(a) at birth, by operation of law, or

(b) upon an application being lodged with the appropriate authority, by or on behalf of the person concerned, in the manner prescribed by the national law. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of this article, no such application may be rejected.

A Contracting State which provides for the grant of its nationality in accordance with subparagraph (b) of this paragraph may also provide for the grant of its nationality by operation of law at such age and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by the national law.

2. A Contracting State may make the grant of its nationality in accordance with subparagraph (b) of paragraph 1 of this article subject to one or more of the following conditions:

(a) that the application is lodged during a period, fixed by the Contracting State, beginning not later than at the age of eighteen years and ending not earlier than at the age of twenty-one years, so, however, that the person concerned shall be allowed at least one year during which he may himself make the application without having to obtain legal authorization to do so;

(b) that the person concerned has habitually resided in the territory of the Contracting State for such period as may be fixed by that State, not exceeding five years immediately preceding the lodging of the application nor ten years in all;

(c) that the person concerned has neither been convicted of an offence against national security nor has been sentenced to imprisonment for a term of five years or more on a criminal charge;

(d) that the person concerned has always been stateless.

3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 (b) and 2 of this article, a child born in wedlock in the territory of a Contracting State, whose mother has the nationality of that State, shall acquire at birth that nationality if it otherwise would be stateless.

4. A Contracting State shall grant its nationality to a person who would otherwise be stateless and who is unable to acquire the nationality of the Contracting State in whose territory he was born because he had passed the age for lodging his application or has not fulfilled the required residence conditions, if the nationality of one of his parents at the time of the person's birth was that of the Contracting State first above mentioned. If his parents did not possess the same nationality at the time of his birth, the question whether the nationality of the person concerned should follow that of the father or that of the mother shall be determined by the national law of such Contracting State. If application for such nationality is required, the application shall be made to the appropriate authority by or on behalf of the applicant in the manner prescribed by the national law. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 5 of this article, such application shall not be refused.

5. The Contracting State may make the grant of its nationality in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 4 of this article subject to one or more of the following conditions:

(a) that the application is lodged before the applicant reaches an age, being not less than twenty-three years, fixed by the Contracting State;

(b) that the person concerned has habitually resided in the territory of the Contracting State for such period immediately preceding the lodging of the application, not exceeding three years, as may be fixed by that State;

(c) that the person concerned has always been stateless.

A foundling found in the territory of a Contracting State shall, in the absence of proof to the contrary, be considered to have been born within that territory of parents possessing the nationality of that State.

For the purpose of determining the obligations of Contracting States under this Convention, birth on a ship or in an aircraft shall be deemed to have taken place in the territory of the State whose flag the ship flies or in the territory of the State in which the aircraft is registered, as the case may be.

1. A Contracting State shall grant its nationality to a person, not born in the territory of a Contracting State, who would otherwise be stateless, if the nationality of one of his parents at the time of the person's birth was that of that State. If his parents did not possess the same nationality at the time of his birth, the question whether the nationality of the person concerned should follow that of the father or that of the mother shall be determined by the national law of such Contracting State. Nationality granted in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph shall be granted:

(a) at birth, by operation of law, or

(b) upon an application being lodged with the appropriate authority, by or on behalf of the person concerned, in the manner prescribed by the national law. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of this article, no such application may be rejected.

2. A Contracting State may make the grant of its nationality in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article subject to one or more of the following conditions:

(a) that the application is lodged before the applicant reaches an age, being not less than twenty-three years, fixed by the Contracting State;

(b) that the person concerned has habitually resided in the territory of the Contracting State for such period immediately preceding the lodging of the application, not exceeding three years, as may be fixed by that State;

(c) that the person concerned has not been convicted of an offence against national security;

(d) that the person concerned has always been stateless.

1. If the law of a Contracting State entails loss of nationality as a consequence of any change in the personal status of a person such as marriage, termination of marriage, legitimation, recognition or adoption, such loss shall be conditional upon possession or acquisition of another nationality.

2. If, under the law of a Contracting State, a child born out of wedlock loses the nationality of that State in consequence of a recognition of affiliation, he shall be given an opportunity to recover that nationality by written application to the appropriate authority, and the conditions governing such application shall not be more rigorous than those laid down in paragraph 2 of article 1 of this Convention.

If the law of a Contracting State provides for loss of its nationality by a person's spouse or children as a consequence of that person losing or being deprived of that nationality, such loss shall be conditional upon their possession or acquisition of another nationality.

1. (a) If the law of a Contracting State permits renunciation of nationality, such renunciation shall not result in loss of nationality unless the person concerned possesses or acquires another nationality.

(b) The provisions of subparagraph (a) of this paragraph shall not apply where their application would be inconsistent with the principles stated in articles 13 and 14 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights approved on 10 December 1948 by the General Assembly of the United Nations.

2. A national of a Contracting State who seeks naturalization in a foreign country shall not lose his nationality unless he acquires or has been accorded assurance of acquiring the nationality of that foreign country.

3. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 4 and 5 of this article, a national of a Contracting State shall not lose his nationality, so as to become stateless, on the ground of departure, residence abroad, failure to register or on any similar ground.

4. A naturalized person may lose his nationality on account of residence abroad for a period, not less than seven consecutive years, specified by the law of the Contracting State concerned if he fails to declare to the appropriate authority his intention to retain his nationality.

5. In the case of a national of a Contracting State, born outside its territory, the law of that State may make the retention of its nationality after the expiry of one year from his attaining his majority conditional upon residence at that time in the territory of the State or registration with the appropriate authority.

6. Except in the circumstances mentioned in this article, a person shall not lose the nationality of a Contracting State, if such loss would render him stateless, notwithstanding that such loss is not expressly prohibited by any other provision of this Convention.

1. A Contracting State shall not deprive a person of its nationality if such deprivation would render him stateless.

2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph I of this article, a person may be deprived of the nationality of a Contracting State:

(a) in the circumstances in which, under paragraphs 4 and 5 of article 7, it is permissible that a person should lose his nationality;

(b) where the nationality has been obtained by misrepresentation or fraud.

3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article, a Contracting State may retain the right to deprive a person of his nationality, if at the time of signature, ratification or accession it specifies its retention of such right on one or more of the following grounds, being grounds existing in its national law at that time:

(a) that, inconsistently with his duty of loyalty to the Contracting State, the person

(i) has, in disregard of an express prohibition by the Contracting State rendered or continued to render services to, or received or continued to receive emoluments from, another State, or

(ii) has conducted himself in a manner seriously prejudicial to the vital interests of the State;

(b) that the person has taken an oath, or made a formal declaration, of allegiance to another State, or given definite evidence of his determination to repudiate his allegiance to the Contracting State.

4. A Contracting State shall not exercise a power of deprivation permitted by paragraphs 2 or 3 of this article except in accordance with law, which shall provide for the person concerned the right to a fair hearing by a court or other independent body.

A Contracting State may not deprive any person or group of persons of their nationality on racial, ethnic, religious or political grounds.

1. Every treaty between Contracting States providing for the transfer of territory shall include provisions designed to secure that no person shall become stateless as a result of the transfer. A Contracting State shall use its best endeavours to secure that any such treaty made by it with a State which is not a party to this Convention includes such provisions.

2. In the absence of such provisions a Contracting State to which territory is transferred or which otherwise acquires territory shall confer its nationality on such persons as would otherwise become stateless as a result of the transfer or acquisition.

The Contracting States shall promote the establishment within the framework of the United Nations, as soon as may be after the deposit of the sixth instrument of ratification or accession, of a body to which a person claiming the benefit of this Convention may apply for the examination of his claim and for assistance in presenting it to the appropriate authority.

1. In relation to a Contracting State which does not, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of article 1 or of article 4 of this Convention, grant its nationality at birth by operation of law, the provisions of paragraph 1 of article 1 or of article 4, as the case may be, shall apply to persons born before as well as to persons born after the entry into force of this Convention.

2. The provisions of paragraph 4 of article 1 of this Convention shall apply to persons born before as well as to persons born after its entry into force.

3. The provisions of article 2 of this Convention shall apply only to foundlings found in the territory of a Contracting State after the entry into force of the Convention for that State.

This Convention shall not be construed as affecting any provisions more conducive to the reduction of statelessness which may be contained in the law of any Contracting State now or hereafter in force, or may be contained in any other convention, treaty or agreement now or hereafter in force between two or more Contracting States.

Any dispute between Contracting States concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention which cannot be settled by other means shall be submitted to the International Court of Justice at the request of any one of the parties to the dispute.

1. This Convention shall apply in all non-self-governing, trust, colonial and other nonmetropolitan territories for the international relations of which any Contracting State is responsible; the Contracting State concerned shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of this article, at the time of signature, ratification or accession, declare the non-metropolitan territory or territories to which the Convention shall apply ipso facto as a result of such signature, ratification or accession.

2. In any case in which, for the purpose of nationality, a non-metropolitan territory is not treated as one with the metropolitan territory, or in any case in which the previous consent of a nonmetropolitan territory is required by the constitutional laws or practices of the Contracting State or of the non-metropolitan territory for the application of the Convention to that territory, that Contracting State shall endeavour to secure the needed consent of the non-metropolitan territory within the period of twelve months from the date of signature of the Convention by that Contracting State, and when such consent has been obtained the Contracting State shall notify the Secretary-General of the United Nations. This Convention shall apply to the territory or territories named in such notification from the date of its receipt by the Secretary-General.

3. After the expiry of the twelve-month period mentioned in paragraph 2 of this article, the Contracting States concerned shall inform the Secretary-General of the results of the consultations with those non-metropolitan territories for whose international relations they are responsible and whose consent to the application of this Convention may have been withheld.

1. This Convention shall be open for signature at the Headquarters of the United Nations from 30 August 1961 to 31 May 1962.

2. This Convention shall be open for signature on behalf of:

(a) any State Member of the United Nations;

(b) any other State invited to attend the United Nations Conference on the Elimination or Reduction of Future Statelessness;

(c) any State to which an invitation to sign or to accede may be addressed by the General Assembly of the United Nations.

3. This Convention shall be ratified and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

4. This Convention shall be open for accession by the States referred to in paragraph 2 of this article. Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

1. At the time of signature, ratification or accession any State may make a reservation in respect of articles 11, 14 or 15.

2. No other reservations to this Convention shall be admissible.

1. This Convention shall enter into force two years after the date of the deposit of the sixth instrument of ratification or accession.

2. For each State ratifying or acceding to this Convention after the deposit of the sixth instrument of ratification or accession, it shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the deposit by such State of its instrument of ratification or accession or on the date on which this Convention enters into force in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article, whichever is the later.

1. Any Contracting State may denounce this Convention at any time by a written notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Such denunciation shall take effect for the Contracting State concerned one year after the date of its receipt by the Secretary-General.

2. In cases where, in accordance with the provisions of article 15, this Convention has become applicable to a non-metropolitan territory of a Contracting State, that State may at any time thereafter, with the consent of the territory concerned, give notice to the Secretary-General of the United Nations denouncing this Convention separately in respect of that territory. The denunciation shall take effect one year after the date of the receipt of such notice by the Secretary-General, who shall notify all other Contracting States of such notice and the date of receipt thereof.

1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall notify all Members of the United Nations and the non-member States referred to in article 16 of the following particulars:

(a) signatures, ratifications and accessions under article 16;

(b) reservations under article 17;

(c) the date upon which this Convention enters into force in pursuance of article 18;

(d) denunciations under article 19.

2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall, after the deposit of the sixth instrument of ratification or accession at the latest, bring to the attention of the General Assembly the question of the establishment, in accordance with article 11, of such a body as therein mentioned.

This Convention shall be registered by the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the date of its entry into force.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed this Convention.

DONE at New York, this thirtieth day of August, one thousand nine hundred and sixty-one, in a single copy, of which the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic and which shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations, and certified copies of which shall be delivered by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to all Members of the United Nations and to the non-member States referred to in article 16 of this Convention.

Države pogodbenice,

ki delujejo v skladu z resolucijo št. 896 (IX), ki jo je 4. decembra 1954 sprejela Generalna skupščina Združenih narodov,

ki menijo, da je zaželeno z mednarodnim sporazumom zmanjšati število oseb brez državljanstva,

so se dogovorile:

1. Država pogodbenica podeli svoje državljanstvo na njenem ozemlju rojeni osebi, ki bi sicer bila brez državljanstva. Tako državljanstvo se podeli:

a) ob rojstvu po zakonu ali

b) na podlagi prošnje, ki jo pri pristojnem organu vloži taka oseba ali kdo drug v njenem imenu v skladu z notranjo zakonodajo. V skladu z določbami drugega odstavka tega člena se taka prošnja ne sme zavrniti.

Država pogodbenica, ki zagotavlja podelitev svojega državljanstva v skladu s pododstavkom b) tega odstavka, lahko zagotovi tudi podelitev svojega državljanstva po zakonu ob taki starosti in pod takimi pogoji, kot jih predpisuje njena notranja zakonodaja.

2. Država pogodbenica lahko pogojuje podelitev svojega državljanstva v skladu s pododstavkom b) prvega odstavka tega člena z izpolnitvijo enega ali več naslednjih pogojev:

a) da je prošnja vložena v obdobju, ki ga določi država pogodbenica in ki se začne najpozneje ob osemnajstem letu starosti in se ne konča pred enaindvajsetim letom, vendar tako, da ima ta oseba na voljo najmanj eno leto, v katerem lahko sama vloži prošnjo, ne da bi za to morala pridobiti soglasje zakonitega zastopnika;

b) da je ta oseba imela svoje običajno prebivališče na ozemlju države pogodbenice v tako dolgem obdobju, kot ga lahko določi ta država, vendar največ pet let neposredno pred vložitvijo prošnje oziroma skupaj deset let;

c) da ta oseba ni bila obsojena za kaznivo dejanje zoper državno varnost niti ji ni bila na podlagi kazenske obtožbe izrečena kazen zapora petih let ali več;

d) da je bila ta oseba vedno brez državljanstva.

3. Ne glede na določbe pododstavka b) prvega odstavka in drugega odstavka tega člena otrok, ki je rojen v zakonski zvezi na ozemlju države pogodbenice in katerega mati ima državljanstvo te države, pridobi to državljanstvo ob rojstvu, če bi sicer bil brez državljanstva.

4. Država pogodbenica podeli svoje državljanstvo osebi, ki bi sicer bila brez državljanstva in ki ne more pridobiti državljanstva države pogodbenice, na ozemlju katere je bila rojena, ker je prekoračila starostno mejo za vložitev prošnje ali ker ni izpolnjevala zahtevanih pogojev za prebivanje v državi, če je eden od staršev te osebe ob njenem rojstvu imel državljanstvo prve omenjene države pogodbenice. Če starša te osebe ob njenem rojstvu nista imela enakega državljanstva, se vprašanje, ali naj državljanstvo te osebe sledi državljanstvu očeta ali matere, presoja po notranji zakonodaji te države pogodbenice. Če je za pridobitev tega državljanstva treba vložiti prošnjo, jo ta oseba ali kdo drug v njenem imenu vloži pri pristojnem organu v skladu z notranjo zakonodajo te države. V skladu z določbami petega odstavka tega člena se taka prošnja ne sme zavrniti.

5. Država pogodbenica lahko pogojuje podelitev svojega državljanstva v skladu z določbami četrtega odstavka tega člena z izpolnitvijo enega ali več naslednjih pogojev:

a) da je prošnja vložena, preden prosilec dopolni starost, ki ni nižja od triindvajset let in jo določi država pogodbenica;

b) da je ta oseba imela običajno prebivališče na ozemlju države pogodbenice v obdobju neposredno pred vložitvijo prošnje, ki ni daljše od treh let in ga lahko določi ta država;

c) da je bila ta oseba vedno brez državljanstva.

Če ni dokaza o nasprotnem, se šteje, da je najdenček, ki je bil najden na ozemlju države pogodbenice, rojen na tem ozemlju staršem, ki imajo državljanstvo te države.

Za namen določitve obveznosti držav pogodbenic po tej konvenciji se rojstvo na ladji ali na letalu šteje kot rojstvo na ozemlju države, pod katere zastavo ladja pluje, oziroma na ozemlju države, v kateri je letalo registrirano.

1. Država pogodbenica podeli svoje državljanstvo osebi, ki ni rojena na ozemlju nobene države pogodbenice in ki bi sicer bila brez državljanstva, če je eden od staršev te osebe ob njenem rojstvu imel državljanstvo te države. Če starša te osebe ob njenem rojstvu nista imela enakega državljanstva, se vprašanje, ali naj državljanstvo te osebe sledi državljanstvu očeta ali matere, presoja po notranji zakonodaji te države pogodbenice. Državljanstvo, ki se podeljuje v skladu z določbami tega odstavka, se podeli:

a) ob rojstvu po zakonu ali

b) na podlagi prošnje, ki jo pri pristojnem organu vloži ta oseba ali kdo drug v njenem imenu na način, predpisan z notranjo zakonodajo te države. V skladu z določbami drugega odstavka tega člena se taka prošnja ne sme zavrniti.

2. Država pogodbenica lahko pogojuje podelitev svojega državljanstva v skladu z določbami prvega odstavka tega člena z izpolnitvijo enega ali več naslednjih pogojev:

a) da je prošnja vložena, preden prosilec dopolni starost, ki ni nižja od triindvajset let in jo določi država pogodbenica;

b) da je ta oseba imela običajno prebivališče na ozemlju države pogodbenice v obdobju neposredno pred vložitvijo prošnje, ki ni daljše od treh let in ga lahko določi ta država;

c) da ta oseba ni bila obsojena za kaznivo dejanje zoper državno varnost;

d) da je bila ta oseba vedno brez državljanstva.

1. Če ima po zakonodaji države pogodbenice kakršna koli sprememba osebnega statusa – kot na primer sklenitev zakonske zveze, prenehanje zakonske zveze, pozakonitev, priznanje ali posvojitev – za posledico izgubo državljanstva, je taka izguba državljanstva pogojena z imetjem ali pridobitvijo drugega državljanstva.

2. Če po zakonodaji države pogodbenice zunaj zakonske zveze rojen otrok izgubi državljanstvo te države zaradi priznanja, mu mora biti dana možnost, da to državljanstvo ponovno pridobi s pisno prošnjo pristojnemu organu, pri čemer pogoji, ki urejajo take prošnje, ne smejo biti strožji od pogojev iz drugega odstavka 1. člena te konvencije.

Če zakonodaja države pogodbenice predvideva izgubo državljanstva zakonca ali otrok osebe zato, ker je ta oseba izgubila državljanstvo ali ji je bilo državljanstvo odvzeto, je taka izguba državljanstva pogojena z imetjem ali pridobitvijo drugega državljanstva.

1. a) Če zakonodaja države pogodbenice omogoča odrek državljanstvu, tak odrek ne pomeni izgube državljanstva, razen če ta oseba ima ali pridobi drugo državljanstvo.

b) Določbe pododstavka a) tega odstavka se ne uporabljajo, kadar njihova uporaba ne bi bila v skladu z načeli iz 13. in 14. člena Splošne deklaracije človekovih pravic, ki jo je 10. decembra 1948 sprejela Generalna skupščina Združenih narodov.

2. Državljan države pogodbenice, ki prosi za naturalizacijo v tuji državi, ne izgubi svojega državljanstva, razen če pridobi državljanstvo te tuje države ali če mu je bilo zagotovljeno, da bo to državljanstvo dobil.

3. V skladu z določbami četrtega in petega odstavka tega člena državljan države pogodbenice ne izgubi državljanstva – s čimer bi postal oseba brez državljanstva – zaradi tega, ker je odpotoval, prebiva v tujini, se ni prijavil ali iz drugega podobnega razloga.

4. Naturalizirana oseba lahko svoje državljanstvo izgubi zaradi prebivanja v tujini v obdobju, ki ga določa zakonodaja zadevne države pogodbenice in ki ne traja manj kot sedem zaporednih let, če pristojnemu organu ne izrazi namere, da bo obdržala svoje državljanstvo.

5. Če je državljan države pogodbenice rojen zunaj njenega ozemlja, lahko zakonodaja države pogodbenice pogojuje ohranitev njenega državljanstva po preteku enega leta od njegove dosežene polnoletnosti s tem, da v tem času prebiva na ozemlju te države ali je prijavljen pri pristojnem organu.

6. Razen zaradi okoliščin, navedenih v tem členu, oseba ne izgubi državljanstva države pogodbenice, če bi zaradi take izgube postala oseba brez državljanstva, ne glede na to, da taka izguba državljanstva ni izrecno prepovedana s katero koli drugo določbo te konvencije.

1. Država pogodbenica osebi ne odvzame državljanstva, če bi oseba zaradi odvzema ostala brez državljanstva.

2. Ne glede na določbe prvega odstavka tega člena se osebi lahko odvzame državljanstvo države pogodbenice:

a) v okoliščinah, v katerih je po četrtem in petem odstavku 7. člena dopustno, da oseba izgubi državljanstvo;

b) kadar je bilo državljanstvo pridobljeno z navedbo neresničnih podatkov ali s prevaro.

3. Ne glede na določbe prvega odstavka tega člena si država pogodbenica lahko pridrži pravico, da osebi odvzame državljanstvo, če ob podpisu, ratifikaciji ali pristopu izjavi, da želi obdržati to pravico iz enega ali več v nadaljevanju navedenih razlogov, ki so določeni v njeni takrat veljavni notranji zakonodaji:

a) da je v nasprotju s svojo dolžnostjo lojalnosti do države pogodbenice oseba:

(i) kljub izrecni prepovedi države pogodbenice opravljala ali še naprej opravlja storitve za drugo državo ali prejemala ali še naprej prejema prejemke od druge države ali

(ii) ravnala oziroma se obnašala na način, ki resno škoduje vitalnim interesom države;

b) da je oseba dala prisego ali uradno izjavo o zvestobi drugi državi ali predložila jasne dokaze o svoji odločenosti, da zavrača svojo zvestobo državi pogodbenici.

4. Država pogodbenica ne uveljavlja pravice za odvzem državljanstva, ki jo določata drugi ali tretji odstavek tega člena, razen v skladu z zakonodajo, ki za tako osebo predvideva pravico do poštenega zaslišanja pred sodiščem ali drugim neodvisnim organom.

Država pogodbenica ne sme nobeni osebi ali skupini oseb odvzeti državljanstva iz rasnih, etničnih, verskih ali političnih razlogov.

1. Vsaka mednarodna pogodba med državami pogodbenicami, ki določa prenos ozemlja, vsebuje določbe, ki zagotavljajo, da nobena oseba ne ostane brez državljanstva zaradi prenosa ozemlja. Država pogodbenica si po najboljših močeh prizadeva zagotoviti, da vsaka taka pogodba, sklenjena z državo, ki ni pogodbenica te konvencije, vsebuje take določbe.

2. Če takih določb ni, država pogodbenica, na katero je ozemlje preneseno ali ki kako drugače pridobi ozemlje, podeli svoje državljanstvo osebam, ki bi zaradi prenosa ali pridobitve ozemlja ostale brez državljanstva.

Države pogodbenice se zavzemajo, da se čim prej po deponiranju šeste listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu v okviru Združenih narodov ustanovi organ, pri katerem oseba, ki uveljavlja pravice po tej konvenciji, lahko vloži prošnjo za obravnavo svojega zahtevka in zaprosi za pomoč pri predložitvi takega zahtevka pristojnemu organu.

1. Če država pogodbenica v skladu z določbami prvega odstavka 1. člena ali določbami 4. člena konvencije ne podeli državljanstva ob rojstvu po zakonu, se za osebe, rojene pred začetkom veljavnosti te konvencije, in tudi za osebe, rojene po začetku njene veljavnosti, uporabljajo določbe prvega odstavka 1. člena ali določbe 4. člena konvencije.

2. Določbe četrtega odstavka 1. člena konvencije se uporabljajo za osebe, rojene pred začetkom veljavnosti te konvencije, in tudi za osebe, rojene po začetku njene veljavnosti.

3. Določbe 2. člena konvencije se uporabljajo samo za najdenčke, najdene na ozemlju države pogodbenice po začetku veljavnosti konvencije za to državo.

Ta konvencija se ne sme razlagati tako, da bi vplivala na katere koli ugodnejše določbe za zmanjšanje števila oseb brez državljanstva, ki so lahko opredeljene v zdaj ali pozneje veljavni zakonodaji katere koli države pogodbenice ali v kateri koli drugi zdaj ali pozneje veljavni konvenciji, mednarodni pogodbi ali sporazumu med dvema ali več državami pogodbenicami.

Vsak spor med državami pogodbenicami glede razlage ali uporabe te konvencije, ki ga ni mogoče rešiti na drug način, se na zahtevo katere koli stranke v sporu predloži v reševanje Meddržavnemu sodišču.

1. Konvencija se uporablja na vseh ozemljih brez samouprave, skrbniških ozemljih, v kolonijah in na drugih čezmorskih ozemljih, za mednarodne odnose katerih je odgovorna posamezna država pogodbenica; v skladu z določbami drugega odstavka tega člena država pogodbenica ob podpisu, ratifikaciji ali pristopu navede ozemlje ali čezmorsko ozemlje, za katero se ta konvencija uporablja ipso facto zaradi njenega podpisa, ratifikacije ali pristopa.

2. Kadar se za namene državljanstva čezmorsko ozemlje ne obravnava kot celota skupaj z matično državo ali kadar je po ustavnih zakonih ali ustaljeni praksi države pogodbenice ali čezmorskega ozemlja za uporabo konvencije na tem ozemlju potrebno predhodno soglasje čezmorskega ozemlja, si država pogodbenica prizadeva zagotoviti to soglasje v dvanajstih mesecih od dneva, ko je država pogodbenica podpisala konvencijo; ko država pogodbenica to soglasje pridobi, o tem uradno obvesti generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov. Konvencija se uporablja za ozemlje ali ozemlja, navedena v uradnem obvestilu od dneva, ko ga je prejel generalni sekretar.

3. Po izteku dvanajstmesečnega obdobja iz drugega odstavka tega člena, države pogodbenice obvestijo generalnega sekretarja o izidu posvetovanj s tistimi čezmorskimi ozemlji, za mednarodne odnose katerih so odgovorne in ki morda niso dala soglasja za uporabo konvencije.

1. Konvencija je na voljo za podpis na sedežu Združenih narodov od 30. avgusta 1961 do 31. maja 1962.

2. Konvencija je na voljo za podpis:

a) vsaki državi članici Združenih narodov;

b) vsaki drugi državi, povabljeni na Konferenco Združenih narodov o odpravi in zmanjšanju števila oseb brez državljanstva v prihodnosti;

c) vsaki državi, ki jo Generalna skupščina Združenih narodov povabi, da konvencijo podpiše ali k njej pristopi.

3. Konvencijo je treba ratificirati, listine o ratifikaciji pa se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.

4. Konvencija je na voljo za pristop državam iz drugega odstavka tega člena. Pristop se opravi z deponiranjem listine o pristopu pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.

1. Ob podpisu, ratifikaciji ali pristopu lahko vsaka država izrazi pridržek glede 11., 14. ali 15. člena.

2. H konvenciji ni dovoljen noben drug pridržek.

1. Konvencija začne veljati dve leti po dnevu deponiranja šeste listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu.

2. Za vsako državo, ki konvencijo ratificira ali k njej pristopi po deponiranju šeste listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu, začne konvencija veljati devetdeseti dan po dnevu, ko ta država deponira svojo listino o ratifikaciji ali pristopu, ali z dnem, ko začne konvencija veljati v skladu z določbami prvega odstavka tega člena, kar je pozneje.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko konvencijo kadar koli odpove s pisnim uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov. Odpoved za to državo pogodbenico začne veljati eno leto po dnevu, ko generalni sekretar prejme pisno uradno obvestilo.

2. Če se je konvencija v skladu z določbami njenega 15. člena začela uporabljati za čezmorska ozemlja države pogodbenice, lahko ta država kadar koli pozneje ob soglasju tega ozemlja obvesti generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov o ločeni odpovedi konvencije za to ozemlje. Odpoved začne veljati eno leto po dnevu, ko generalni sekretar prejme tako obvestilo; generalni sekretar uradno obvesti vse druge pogodbenice o takem obvestilu in dnevu, ko ga je prejel.

1. Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov uradno obvesti vse države članice Združenih narodov in države nečlanice iz 16. člena o naslednjem:

a) podpisih, ratifikacijah in pristopih po 16. členu;

b) pridržkih po 17. členu;

c) dnevu, ko konvencija začne veljati v skladu z 18. členom;

d) odpovedih po 19. členu.

2. Najpozneje po deponiranju šeste listine o ratifikaciji ali pristopu generalni sekretar Združenih narodov v skladu z 11. členom obvesti Generalno skupščino o ustanovitvi organa iz navedenega člena.

Konvencijo registrira generalni sekretar Združenih narodov z dnem, ko začne veljati.

V POTRDITEV NAVEDENEGA so podpisani pooblaščenci podpisali to konvencijo.

SESTAVLJENO v New Yorku tridesetega avgusta leta tisoč devetsto enainšestdeset v enem izvodu, pri čemer so kitajsko, angleško, francosko, rusko in špansko besedilo enako verodostojna, ki se hrani v arhivih Združenih narodov; generalni sekretar Združenih narodov pošlje overjeno kopijo konvencije vsem državam članicam Združenih narodov in državam nečlanicam iz 16. člena konvencije.

Za izvajanje konvencije skrbi ministrstvo, pristojno za notranje zadeve.

Ta zakon začne veljati petnajsti dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.

Uradni list RS, št. 8/2025 z dne 11. 2. 2025

4. Zakon o ratifikaciji Konvencije o zmanjšanju števila oseb brez državljanstva (MKZŠOBD), stran 10.