Na podlagi druge alinee prvega odstavka 107. člena in prvega odstavka 91. člena Ustave Republike Slovenije izdajam

Razglašam Zakon o ratifikaciji Konvencije Združenih narodov proti korupciji (MKZNPK), ki ga je sprejel Državni zbor Republike Slovenije na seji 6. februarja 2008.

Ratificira se Konvencija Združenih narodov proti korupciji, sprejeta na 58. plenarnem zasedanju Generalne skupščine Združenih narodov 31. oktobra 2003.

Besedilo konvencije se v izvirniku v angleškem jeziku ter v prevodu v slovenskem jeziku glasi:

The States Parties to this Convention,
Concerned about the seriousness of problems and threats posed by corruption to the stability and security of societies, undermining the institutions and values of democracy, ethical values and justice and jeopardizing sustainable development and the rule of law,
Concerned also about the links between corruption and other forms of crime, in particular organized crime and economic crime, including money-laundering,
Concerned further about cases of corruption that involve vast quantities of assets, which may constitute a substantial proportion of the resources of States, and that threaten the political stability and sustainable development of those States,
Convinced that corruption is no longer a local matter but a transnational phenomenon that affects all societies and economies, making international cooperation to prevent and control it essential,
Convinced also that a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach is required to prevent and combat corruption effectively,
Convinced further that the availability of technical assistance can play an important role in enhancing the ability of States, including by strengthening capacity and by institution-building, to prevent and combat corruption effectively,
Convinced that the illicit acquisition of personal wealth can be particularly damaging to democratic institutions, national economies and the rule of law,
Determined to prevent, detect and deter in a more effective manner international transfers of illicitly acquired assets and to strengthen international cooperation in asset recovery,
Acknowledging the fundamental principles of due process of law in criminal proceedings and in civil or administrative proceedings to adjudicate property rights,
Bearing in mind that the prevention and eradication of corruption is a responsibility of all States and that they must cooperate with one another, with the support and involvement of individuals and groups outside the public sector, such as civil society, non-governmental organizations and community-based organizations, if their efforts in this area are to be effective,
Bearing also in mind the principles of proper management of public affairs and public property, fairness, responsibility and equality before the law and the need to safeguard integrity and to foster a culture of rejection of corruption,
Commending the work of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in preventing and combating corruption,
Recalling the work carried out by other international and regional organizations in this field, including the activities of the African Union, the Council of Europe, the Customs Cooperation Council (also known as the World Customs Organization), the European Union, the League of Arab States, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and the Organization of American States,
Taking note with appreciation of multilateral instruments to prevent and combat corruption, including, inter alia, the Inter-American Convention against Corruption, adopted by the Organization of American States on 29 March 1996, the Convention on the Fight against Corruption involving Officials of the European Communities or Officials of Member States of the European Union, adopted by the Council of the European Union on 26 May 1997, the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, adopted by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development on 21 November 1997, the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption, adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 27 January 1999, the Civil Law Convention on Corruption, adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 4 November 1999, and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption, adopted by the Heads of State and Government of the African Union on 12 July 2003,
Welcoming the entry into force on 29 September 2003 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime,
Have agreed as follows:

The purposes of this Convention are:
(a) To promote and strengthen measures to prevent and combat corruption more efficiently and effectively;
(b) To promote, facilitate and support international cooperation and technical assistance in the prevention of and fight against corruption, including in asset recovery;
(c) To promote integrity, accountability and proper management of public affairs and public property.

For the purposes of this Convention:
(a) “Public official” shall mean: (i) any person holding a legislative, executive, administrative or judicial office of a State Party, whether appointed or elected, whether permanent or temporary, whether paid or unpaid, irrespective of that person’s seniority; (ii) any other person who performs a public function, including for a public agency or public enterprise, or provides a public service, as defined in the domestic law of the State Party and as applied in the pertinent area of law of that State Party; (iii) any other person defined as a “public official” in the domestic law of a State Party. However, for the purpose of some specific measures contained in chapter II of this Convention, “public official” may mean any person who performs a public function or provides a public service as defined in the domestic law of the State party and as applied in the pertinent area of law of that State Party;
(b) “Foreign public official” shall mean any person holding a legislative, executive, administrative or judicial office of a foreign country, whether appointed or elected; and any person exercising a public function for a foreign country, including for a public agency or public enterprise;
(c) “Official of a public international organization” shall mean an international civil servant or any person who is authorized by such an organization to act on behalf of that organization;
(d) “Property” shall mean assets of every kind, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible, and legal documents or instruments evidencing title to or interest in such assets;
(e) “Proceeds of crime” shall mean any property derived from or obtained, directly or indirectly, through the commission of an offence;
(f) “Freezing” or “seizure” shall mean temporarily prohibiting the transfer, conversion, disposition or movement of property or temporarily assuming custody or control of property on the basis of an order issued by a court or other competent authority;
(g) “Confiscation”, which includes forfeiture where applicable, shall mean the permanent deprivation of property by order of a court or other competent authority;
(h) “Predicate offence” shall mean any offence as a result of which proceeds have been generated that may become the subject of an offence as defined in article 23 of this Convention;
(i) “Controlled delivery” shall mean the technique of allowing illicit or suspect consignments to pass out of, through or into the territory of one or more States, with the knowledge and under the supervision of their competent authorities, with a view to the investigation of an offence and the identification of persons involved in the commission of the offence.

1. This Convention shall apply, in accordance with its terms, to the prevention, investigation and prosecution of corruption and to the freezing, seizure, confiscation and return of the proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention.
2. For the purposes of implementing this Convention, it shall not be necessary, except as otherwise stated herein, for the offences set forth in it to result in damage or harm to state property.

1. States Parties shall carry out their obligations under this Convention in a manner consistent with the principles of sovereign equality and territorial integrity of States and that of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of other States.
2. Nothing in this Convention shall entitle a State Party to undertake in the territory of another State the exercise of jurisdiction and performance of functions that are reserved exclusively for the authorities of that other State by its domestic law.

1. Each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, develop and implement or maintain effective, coordinated anticorruption policies that promote the participation of society and reflect the principles of the rule of law, proper management of public affairs and public property, integrity, transparency and accountability.
2. Each State Party shall endeavour to establish and promote effective practices aimed at the prevention of corruption.
3. Each State Party shall endeavour to periodically evaluate relevant legal instruments and administrative measures with a view to determining their adequacy to prevent and fight corruption.
4. States Parties shall, as appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of their legal system, collaborate with each other and with relevant international and regional organizations in promoting and developing the measures referred to in this article. That collaboration may include participation in international programmes and projects aimed at the prevention of corruption.

1. Each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, ensure the existence of a body or bodies, as appropriate, that prevent corruption by such means as:
(a) Implementing the policies referred to in article 5 of this Convention and, where appropriate, overseeing and coordinating the implementation of those policies;
(b) Increasing and disseminating knowledge about the prevention of corruption.
2. Each State Party shall grant the body or bodies referred to in paragraph 1 of this article the necessary independence, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, to enable the body or bodies to carry out its or their functions effectively and free from any undue influence. The necessary material resources and specialized staff, as well as the training that such staff may require to carry out their functions, should be provided.
3. Each State Party shall inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations of the name and address of the authority or authorities that may assist other States Parties in developing and implementing specific measures for the prevention of corruption.

1. Each State Party shall, where appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, endeavour to adopt, maintain and strengthen systems for the recruitment, hiring, retention, promotion and retirement of civil servants and, where appropriate, other non-elected public officials:
(a) That are based on principles of efficiency, transparency and objective criteria such as merit, equity and aptitude;
(b) That include adequate procedures for the selection and training of individuals for public positions considered especially vulnerable to corruption and the rotation, where appropriate, of such individuals to other positions;
(c) That promote adequate remuneration and equitable pay scales, taking into account the level of economic development of the State Party;
(d) That promote education and training programmes to enable them to meet the requirements for the correct, honourable and proper performance of public functions and that provide them with specialized and appropriate training to enhance their awareness of the risks of corruption inherent in the performance of their functions. Such programmes may make reference to codes or standards of conduct in applicable areas.
2. Each State Party shall also consider adopting appropriate legislative and administrative measures, consistent with the objectives of this Convention and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, to prescribe criteria concerning candidature for and election to public office.
3. Each State Party shall also consider taking appropriate legislative and administrative measures, consistent with the objectives of this Convention and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, to enhance transparency in the funding of candidatures for elected public office and, where applicable, the funding of political parties.
4. Each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, endeavour to adopt, maintain and strengthen systems that promote transparency and prevent conflicts of interest.

1. In order to fight corruption, each State Party shall promote, inter alia, integrity, honesty and responsibility among its public officials, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system.
2. In particular, each State Party shall endeavour to apply, within its own institutional and legal systems, codes or standards of conduct for the correct, honourable and proper performance of public functions.
3. For the purposes of implementing the provisions of this article, each State Party shall, where appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, take note of the relevant initiatives of regional, interregional and multilateral organizations, such as the International Code of Conduct for Public Officials contained in the annex to General Assembly resolution 51/59 of 12 December 1996.
4. Each State Party shall also consider, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, establishing measures and systems to facilitate the reporting by public officials of acts of corruption to appropriate authorities, when such acts come to their notice in the performance of their functions.
5. Each State Party shall endeavour, where appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, to establish measures and systems requiring public officials to make declarations to appropriate authorities regarding, inter alia, their outside activities, employment, investments, assets and substantial gifts or benefits from which a conflict of interest may result with respect to their functions as public officials.
6. Each State Party shall consider taking, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, disciplinary or other measures against public officials who violate the codes or standards established in accordance with this article.

1. Each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, take the necessary steps to establish appropriate systems of procurement, based on transparency, competition and objective criteria in decision-making, that are effective, inter alia, in preventing corruption. Such systems, which may take into account appropriate threshold values in their application, shall address, inter alia:
(a) The public distribution of information relating to procurement procedures and contracts, including information on invitations to tender and relevant or pertinent information on the award of contracts, allowing potential tenderers sufficient time to prepare and submit their tenders;
(b) The establishment, in advance, of conditions for participation, including selection and award criteria and tendering rules, and their publication;
(c) The use of objective and predetermined criteria for public procurement decisions, in order to facilitate the subsequent verification of the correct application of the rules or procedures;
(d) An effective system of domestic review, including an effective system of appeal, to ensure legal recourse and remedies in the event that the rules or procedures established pursuant to this paragraph are not followed;
(e) Where appropriate, measures to regulate matters regarding personnel responsible for procurement, such as declaration of interest in particular public procurements, screening procedures and training requirements.
2. Each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, take appropriate measures to promote transparency and accountability in the management of public finances. Such measures shall encompass, inter alia:
(a) Procedures for the adoption of the national budget;
(b) Timely reporting on revenue and expenditure;
(c) A system of accounting and auditing standards and related oversight;
(d) Effective and efficient systems of risk management and internal control; and
(e) Where appropriate, corrective action in the case of failure to comply with the requirements established in this paragraph.
3. Each State Party shall take such civil and administrative measures as may be necessary, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, to preserve the integrity of accounting books, records, financial statements or other documents related to public expenditure and revenue and to prevent the falsification of such documents.

Taking into account the need to combat corruption, each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, take such measures as may be necessary to enhance transparency in its public administration, including with regard to its organization, functioning and decision-making processes, where appropriate. Such measures may include, inter alia:
(a) Adopting procedures or regulations allowing members of the general public to obtain, where appropriate, information on the organization, functioning and decision-making processes of its public administration and, with due regard for the protection of privacy and personal data, on decisions and legal acts that concern members of the public;
(b) Simplifying administrative procedures, where appropriate, in order to facilitate public access to the competent decision-making authorities; and
(c) Publishing information, which may include periodic reports on the risks of corruption in its public administration.

1. Bearing in mind the independence of the judiciary and its crucial role in combating corruption, each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system and without prejudice to judicial independence, take measures to strengthen integrity and to prevent opportunities for corruption among members of the judiciary. Such measures may include rules with respect to the conduct of members of the judiciary.
2. Measures to the same effect as those taken pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article may be introduced and applied within the prosecution service in those States Parties where it does not form part of the judiciary but enjoys independence similar to that of the judicial service.

1. Each State Party shall take measures, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, to prevent corruption involving the private sector, enhance accounting and auditing standards in the private sector and, where appropriate, provide effective, proportionate and dissuasive civil, administrative or criminal penalties for failure to comply with such measures.
2. Measures to achieve these ends may include, inter alia:
(a) Promoting cooperation between law enforcement agencies and relevant private entities;
(b) Promoting the development of standards and procedures designed to safeguard the integrity of relevant private entities, including codes of conduct for the correct, honourable and proper performance of the activities of business and all relevant professions and the prevention of conflicts of interest, and for the promotion of the use of good commercial practices among businesses and in the contractual relations of businesses with the State;
(c) Promoting transparency among private entities, including, where appropriate, measures regarding the identity of legal and natural persons involved in the establishment and management of corporate entities;
(d) Preventing the misuse of procedures regulating private entities, including procedures regarding subsidies and licences granted by public authorities for commercial activities;
(e) Preventing conflicts of interest by imposing restrictions, as appropriate and for a reasonable period of time, on the professional activities of former public officials or on the employment of public officials by the private sector after their resignation or retirement, where such activities or employment relate directly to the functions held or supervised by those public officials during their tenure;
(f) Ensuring that private enterprises, taking into account their structure and size, have sufficient internal auditing controls to assist in preventing and detecting acts of corruption and that the accounts and required financial statements of such private enterprises are subject to appropriate auditing and certification procedures.
3. In order to prevent corruption, each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary, in accordance with its domestic laws and regulations regarding the maintenance of books and records, financial statement disclosures and accounting and auditing standards, to prohibit the following acts carried out for the purpose of committing any of the offences established in accordance with this Convention:
(a) The establishment of off-the-books accounts;
(b) The making of off-the-books or inadequately identified transactions;
(c) The recording of non-existent expenditure;
(d) The entry of liabilities with incorrect identification of their objects;
(e) The use of false documents; and
(f) The intentional destruction of bookkeeping documents earlier than foreseen by the law.
4. Each State Party shall disallow the tax deductibility of expenses that constitute bribes, the latter being one of the constituent elements of the offences established in accordance with articles 15 and 16 of this Convention and, where appropriate, other expenses incurred in furtherance of corrupt conduct.

1. Each State Party shall take appropriate measures, within its means and in accordance with fundamental principles of its domestic law, to promote the active participation of individuals and groups outside the public sector, such as civil society, non-governmental organizations and community-based organizations, in the prevention of and the fight against corruption and to raise public awareness regarding the existence, causes and gravity of and the threat posed by corruption. This participation should be strengthened by such measures as:
(a) Enhancing the transparency of and promoting the contribution of the public to decision-making processes;
(b) Ensuring that the public has effective access to information;
(c) Undertaking public information activities that contribute to non-tolerance of corruption, as well as public education programmes, including school and university curricula;
(d) Respecting, promoting and protecting the freedom to seek, receive, publish and disseminate information concerning corruption. That freedom may be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall only be such as are provided for by law and are necessary:
(i) For respect of the rights or reputations of others;
(ii) For the protection of national security or ordre public or of public health or morals.
2. Each State Party shall take appropriate measures to ensure that the relevant anti-corruption bodies referred to in this Convention are known to the public and shall provide access to such bodies, where appropriate, for the reporting, including anonymously, of any incidents that may be considered to constitute an offence established in accordance with this Convention.

1. Each State Party shall:
(a) Institute a comprehensive domestic regulatory and supervisory regime for banks and non-bank financial institutions, including natural or legal persons that provide formal or informal services for the transmission of money or value and, where appropriate, other bodies particularly susceptible to money-laundering, within its competence, in order to deter and detect all forms of money-laundering, which regime shall emphasize requirements for customer and, where appropriate, beneficial owner identification, record-keeping and the reporting of suspicious transactions;
(b) Without prejudice to article 46 of this Convention, ensure that administrative, regulatory, law enforcement and other authorities dedicated to combating money-laundering (including, where appropriate under domestic law, judicial authorities) have the ability to cooperate and exchange information at the national and international levels within the conditions prescribed by its domestic law and, to that end, shall consider the establishment of a financial intelligence unit to serve as a national centre for the collection, analysis and dissemination of information regarding potential money-laundering.
2. States Parties shall consider implementing feasible measures to detect and monitor the movement of cash and appropriate negotiable instruments across their borders, subject to safeguards to ensure proper use of information and without impeding in any way the movement of legitimate capital. Such measures may include a requirement that individuals and businesses report the cross-border transfer of substantial quantities of cash and appropriate negotiable instruments.
3. States Parties shall consider implementing appropriate and feasible measures to require financial institutions, including money remitters:
(a) To include on forms for the electronic transfer of funds and related messages accurate and meaningful information on the originator;
(b) To maintain such information throughout the payment chain; and
(c) To apply enhanced scrutiny to transfers of funds that do not contain complete information on the originator.
4. In establishing a domestic regulatory and supervisory regime under the terms of this article, and without prejudice to any other article of this Convention, States Parties are called upon to use as a guideline the relevant initiatives of regional, interregional and multilateral organizations against money-laundering.
5. States Parties shall endeavour to develop and promote global, regional, subregional and bilateral cooperation among judicial, law enforcement and financial regulatory authorities in order to combat money-laundering.

Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences, when committed intentionally:
(a) The promise, offering or giving, to a public official, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage, for the official himself or herself or another person or entity, in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties;
(b) The solicitation or acceptance by a public official, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage, for the official himself or herself or another person or entity, in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties.

1. Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, when committed intentionally, the promise, offering or giving to a foreign public official or an official of a public international organization, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage, for the official himself or herself or another person or entity, in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties, in order to obtain or retain business or other undue advantage in relation to the conduct of international business.
2. Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, when committed intentionally, the solicitation or acceptance by a foreign public official or an official of a public international organization, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage, for the official himself or herself or another person or entity, in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties.

Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences, when committed intentionally, the embezzlement, misappropriation or other diversion by a public official for his or her benefit or for the benefit of another person or entity, of any property, public or private funds or securities or any other thing of value entrusted to the public official by virtue of his or her position.

Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences, when committed intentionally:
(a) The promise, offering or giving to a public official or any other person, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage in order that the public official or the person abuse his or her real or supposed influence with a view to obtaining from an administration or public authority of the State Party an undue advantage for the original instigator of the act or for any other person;
(b) The solicitation or acceptance by a public official or any other person, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage for himself or herself or for another person in order that the public official or the person abuse his or her real or supposed influence with a view to obtaining from an administration or public authority of the State Party an undue advantage.

Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, when committed intentionally, the abuse of functions or position, that is, the performance of or failure to perform an act, in violation of laws, by a public official in the discharge of his or her functions, for the purpose of obtaining an undue advantage for himself or herself or for another person or entity.

Subject to its constitution and the fundamental principles of its legal system, each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, when committed intentionally, illicit enrichment, that is, a significant increase in the assets of a public official that he or she cannot reasonably explain in relation to his or her lawful income.

Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences, when committed intentionally in the course of economic, financial or commercial activities:
(a) The promise, offering or giving, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage to any person who directs or works, in any capacity, for a private sector entity, for the person himself or herself or for another person, in order that he or she, in breach of his or her duties, act or refrain from acting;
(b) The solicitation or acceptance, directly or indirectly, of an undue advantage by any person who directs or works, in any capacity, for a private sector entity, for the person himself or herself or for another person, in order that he or she, in breach of his or her duties, act or refrain from acting.

Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, when committed intentionally in the course of economic, financial or commercial activities, embezzlement by a person who directs or works, in any capacity, in a private sector entity of any property, private funds or securities or any other thing of value entrusted to him or her by virtue of his or her position.

1. Each State Party shall adopt, in accordance with fundamental principles of its domestic law, such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences, when committed intentionally:
(a)
(i) The conversion or transfer of property, knowing that such property is the proceeds of crime, for the purpose of concealing or disguising the illicit origin of the property or of helping any person who is involved in the commission of the predicate offence to evade the legal consequences of his or her action;
(ii) The concealment or disguise of the true nature, source, location, disposition, movement or ownership of or rights with respect to property, knowing that such property is the proceeds of crime;
(b) Subject to the basic concepts of its legal system:
(i) The acquisition, possession or use of property, knowing, at the time of receipt, that such property is the proceeds of crime;
(ii) Participation in, association with or conspiracy to commit, attempts to commit and aiding, abetting, facilitating and counselling the commission of any of the offences established in accordance with this article.
2. For purposes of implementing or applying paragraph 1 of this article:
(a) Each State Party shall seek to apply paragraph 1 of this article to the widest range of predicate offences;
(b) Each State Party shall include as predicate offences at a minimum a comprehensive range of criminal offences established in accordance with this Convention;
(c) For the purposes of subparagraph (b) above, predicate offences shall include offences committed both within and outside the jurisdiction of the State Party in question. However, offences committed outside the jurisdiction of a State Party shall constitute predicate offences only when the relevant conduct is a criminal offence under the domestic law of the State where it is committed and would be a criminal offence under the domestic law of the State Party implementing or applying this article had it been committed there;
(d) Each State Party shall furnish copies of its laws that give effect to this article and of any subsequent changes to such laws or a description thereof to the Secretary-General of the United Nations;
(e) If required by fundamental principles of the domestic law of a State Party, it may be provided that the offences set forth in paragraph 1 of this article do not apply to the persons who committed the predicate offence.

Without prejudice to the provisions of article 23 of this Convention, each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, when committed intentionally after the commission of any of the offences established in accordance with this Convention without having participated in such offences, the concealment or continued retention of property when the person involved knows that such property is the result of any of the offences established in accordance with this Convention.

Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences, when committed intentionally:
(a) The use of physical force, threats or intimidation or the promise, offering or giving of an undue advantage to induce false testimony or to interfere in the giving of testimony or the production of evidence in a proceeding in relation to the commission of offences established in accordance with this Convention;
(b) The use of physical force, threats or intimidation to interfere with the exercise of official duties by a justice or law enforcement official in relation to the commission of offences established in accordance with this Convention. Nothing in this subparagraph shall prejudice the right of States Parties to have legislation that protects other categories of public official.

1. Each State Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary, consistent with its legal principles, to establish the liability of legal persons for participation in the offences established in accordance with this Convention.
2. Subject to the legal principles of the State Party, the liability of legal persons may be criminal, civil or administrative.
3. Such liability shall be without prejudice to the criminal liability of the natural persons who have committed the offences.
4. Each State Party shall, in particular, ensure that legal persons held liable in accordance with this article are subject to effective, proportionate and dissuasive criminal or non-criminal sanctions, including monetary sanctions.

1. Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, in accordance with its domestic law, participation in any capacity such as an accomplice, assistant or instigator in an offence established in accordance with this Convention.
2. Each State Party may adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, in accordance with its domestic law, any attempt to commit an offence established in accordance with this Convention.
3. Each State Party may adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence, in accordance with its domestic law, the preparation for an offence established in accordance with this Convention.

Knowledge, intent or purpose required as an element of an offence established in accordance with this Convention may be inferred from objective factual circumstances.

Each State Party shall, where appropriate, establish under its domestic law a long statute of limitations period in which to commence proceedings for any offence established in accordance with this Convention and establish a longer statute of limitations period or provide for the suspension of the statute of limitations where the alleged offender has evaded the administration of justice.

1. Each State Party shall make the commission of an offence established in accordance with this Convention liable to sanctions that take into account the gravity of that offence.
2. Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish or maintain, in accordance with its legal system and constitutional principles, an appropriate balance between any immunities or jurisdictional privileges accorded to its public officials for the performance of their functions and the possibility, when necessary, of effectively investigating, prosecuting and adjudicating offences established in accordance with this Convention.
3. Each State Party shall endeavour to ensure that any discretionary legal powers under its domestic law relating to the prosecution of persons for offences established in accordance with this Convention are exercised to maximize the effectiveness of law enforcement measures in respect of those offences and with due regard to the need to deter the commission of such offences.
4. In the case of offences established in accordance with this Convention, each State Party shall take appropriate measures, in accordance with its domestic law and with due regard to the rights of the defence, to seek to ensure that conditions imposed in connection with decisions on release pending trial or appeal take into consideration the need to ensure the presence of the defendant at subsequent criminal proceedings.
5. Each State Party shall take into account the gravity of the offences concerned when considering the eventuality of early release or parole of persons convicted of such offences.
6. Each State Party, to the extent consistent with the fundamental principles of its legal system, shall consider establishing procedures through which a public official accused of an offence established in accordance with this Convention may, where appropriate, be removed, suspended or reassigned by the appropriate authority, bearing in mind respect for the principle of the presumption of innocence.
7. Where warranted by the gravity of the offence, each State Party, to the extent consistent with the fundamental principles of its legal system, shall consider establishing procedures for the disqualification, by court order or any other appropriate means, for a period of time determined by its domestic law, of persons convicted of offences established in accordance with this Convention from:
(a) Holding public office; and
(b) Holding office in an enterprise owned in whole or in part by the State.
8. Paragraph 1 of this article shall be without prejudice to the exercise of disciplinary powers by the competent authorities against civil servants.
9. Nothing contained in this Convention shall affect the principle that the description of the offences established in accordance with this Convention and of the applicable legal defences or other legal principles controlling the lawfulness of conduct is reserved to the domestic law of a State Party and that such offences shall be prosecuted and punished in accordance with that law.
10. States Parties shall endeavour to promote the reintegration into society of persons convicted of offences established in accordance with this Convention.

1. Each State Party shall take, to the greatest extent possible within its domestic legal system, such measures as may be necessary to enable confiscation of:
(a) Proceeds of crime derived from offences established in accordance with this Convention or property the value of which corresponds to that of such proceeds;
(b) Property, equipment or other instrumentalities used in or destined for use in offences established in accordance with this Convention.
2. Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to enable the identification, tracing, freezing or seizure of any item referred to in paragraph 1 of this article for the purpose of eventual confiscation.
3. Each State Party shall adopt, in accordance with its domestic law, such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to regulate the administration by the competent authorities of frozen, seized or confiscated property covered in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article.
4. If such proceeds of crime have been transformed or converted, in part or in full, into other property, such property shall be liable to the measures referred to in this article instead of the proceeds.
5. If such proceeds of crime have been intermingled with property acquired from legitimate sources, such property shall, without prejudice to any powers relating to freezing or seizure, be liable to confiscation up to the assessed value of the intermingled proceeds.
6. Income or other benefits derived from such proceeds of crime, from property into which such proceeds of crime have been transformed or converted or from property with which such proceeds of crime have been intermingled shall also be liable to the measures referred to in this article, in the same manner and to the same extent as proceeds of crime.
7. For the purpose of this article and article 55 of this Convention, each State Party shall empower its courts or other competent authorities to order that bank, financial or commercial records be made available or seized. A State Party shall not decline to act under the provisions of this paragraph on the ground of bank secrecy.
8. States Parties may consider the possibility of requiring that an offender demonstrate the lawful origin of such alleged proceeds of crime or other property liable to confiscation, to the extent that such a requirement is consistent with the fundamental principles of their domestic law and with the nature of judicial and other proceedings.
9. The provisions of this article shall not be so construed as to prejudice the rights of bona fide third parties.
10. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the measures to which it refers shall be defined and implemented in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the domestic law of a State Party.

1. Each State Party shall take appropriate measures in accordance with its domestic legal system and within its means to provide effective protection from potential retaliation or intimidation for witnesses and experts who give testimony concerning offences established in accordance with this Convention and, as appropriate, for their relatives and other persons close to them.
2. The measures envisaged in paragraph 1 of this article may include, inter alia, without prejudice to the rights of the defendant, including the right to due process:
(a) Establishing procedures for the physical protection of such persons, such as, to the extent necessary and feasible, relocating them and permitting, where appropriate, non-disclosure or limitations on the disclosure of information concerning the identity and whereabouts of such persons;
(b) Providing evidentiary rules to permit witnesses and experts to give testimony in a manner that ensures the safety of such persons, such as permitting testimony to be given through the use of communications technology such as video or other adequate means.
3. States Parties shall consider entering into agreements or arrangements with other States for the relocation of persons referred to in paragraph 1 of this article.
4. The provisions of this article shall also apply to victims insofar as they are witnesses.
5. Each State Party shall, subject to its domestic law, enable the views and concerns of victims to be presented and considered at appropriate stages of criminal proceedings against offenders in a manner not prejudicial to the rights of the defence.

Each State Party shall consider incorporating into its domestic legal system appropriate measures to provide protection against any unjustified treatment for any person who reports in good faith and on reasonable grounds to the competent authorities any facts concerning offences established in accordance with this Convention.

With due regard to the rights of third parties acquired in good faith, each State Party shall take measures, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, to address consequences of corruption. In this context, States Parties may consider corruption a relevant factor in legal proceedings to annul or rescind a contract, withdraw a concession or other similar instrument or take any other remedial action.

Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary, in accordance with principles of its domestic law, to ensure that entities or persons who have suffered damage as a result of an act of corruption have the right to initiate legal proceedings against those responsible for that damage in order to obtain compensation.

Each State Party shall, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system, ensure the existence of a body or bodies or persons specialized in combating corruption through law enforcement. Such body or bodies or persons shall be granted the necessary independence, in accordance with the fundamental principles of the legal system of the State Party, to be able to carry out their functions effectively and without any undue influence. Such persons or staff of such body or bodies should have the appropriate training and resources to carry out their tasks.

1. Each State Party shall take appropriate measures to encourage persons who participate or who have participated in the commission of an offence established in accordance with this Convention to supply information useful to competent authorities for investigative and evidentiary purposes and to provide factual, specific help to competent authorities that may contribute to depriving offenders of the proceeds of crime and to recovering such proceeds.
2. Each State Party shall consider providing for the possibility, in appropriate cases, of mitigating punishment of an accused person who provides substantial cooperation in the investigation or prosecution of an offence established in accordance with this Convention.
3. Each State Party shall consider providing for the possibility, in accordance with fundamental principles of its domestic law, of granting immunity from prosecution to a person who provides substantial cooperation in the investigation or prosecution of an offence established in accordance with this Convention.
4. Protection of such persons shall be, mutatis mutandis, as provided for in article 32 of this Convention.
5. Where a person referred to in paragraph 1 of this article located in one State Party can provide substantial cooperation to the competent authorities of another State Party, the States Parties concerned may consider entering into agreements or arrangements, in accordance with their domestic law, concerning the potential provision by the other State Party of the treatment set forth in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article.

Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to encourage, in accordance with its domestic law, cooperation between, on the one hand, its public authorities, as well as its public officials, and, on the other hand, its authorities responsible for investigating and prosecuting criminal offences. Such cooperation may include:
(a) Informing the latter authorities, on their own initiative, where there are reasonable grounds to believe that any of the offences established in accordance with articles 15, 21 and 23 of this Convention has been committed; or
(b) Providing, upon request, to the latter authorities all necessary information.

1. Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to encourage, in accordance with its domestic law, cooperation between national investigating and prosecuting authorities and entities of the private sector, in particular financial institutions, relating to matters involving the commission of offences established in accordance with this Convention.
2. Each State Party shall consider encouraging its nationals and other persons with a habitual residence in its territory to report to the national investigating and prosecuting authorities the commission of an offence established in accordance with this Convention.

Each State Party shall ensure that, in the case of domestic criminal investigations of offences established in accordance with this Convention, there are appropriate mechanisms available within its domestic legal system to overcome obstacles that may arise out of the application of bank secrecy laws.

Each State Party may adopt such legislative or other measures as may be necessary to take into consideration, under such terms as and for the purpose that it deems appropriate, any previous conviction in another State of an alleged offender for the purpose of using such information in criminal proceedings relating to an offence established in accordance with this Convention.

1. Each State Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences established in accordance with this Convention when:
(a) The offence is committed in the territory of that State Party; or
(b) The offence is committed on board a vessel that is flying the flag of that State Party or an aircraft that is registered under the laws of that State Party at the time that the offence is committed.
2. Subject to article 4 of this Convention, a State Party may also establish its jurisdiction over any such offence when:
(a) The offence is committed against a national of that State Party; or
(b) The offence is committed by a national of that State Party or a stateless person who has his or her habitual residence in its territory; or
(c) The offence is one of those established in accordance with article 23, paragraph 1 (b) (ii), of this Convention and is committed outside its territory with a view to the commission of an offence established in accordance with article 23, paragraph 1 (a) (i) or (ii) or (b) (i), of this Convention within its territory; or
(d) The offence is committed against the State Party.
3. For the purposes of article 44 of this Convention, each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences established in accordance with this Convention when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite such person solely on the ground that he or she is one of its nationals.
4. Each State Party may also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences established in accordance with this Convention when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him or her.
5. If a State Party exercising its jurisdiction under paragraph 1 or 2 of this article has been notified, or has otherwise learned, that any other States Parties are conducting an investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding in respect of the same conduct, the competent authorities of those States Parties shall, as appropriate, consult one another with a view to coordinating their actions.
6. Without prejudice to norms of general international law, this Convention shall not exclude the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction established by a State Party in accordance with its domestic law.

1. States Parties shall cooperate in criminal matters in accordance with articles 44 to 50 of this Convention. Where appropriate and consistent with their domestic legal system, States Parties shall consider assisting each other in investigations of and proceedings in civil and administrative matters relating to corruption.
2. In matters of international cooperation, whenever dual criminality is considered a requirement, it shall be deemed fulfilled irrespective of whether the laws of the requested State Party place the offence within the same category of offence or denominate the offence by the same terminology as the requesting State Party, if the conduct underlying the offence for which assistance is sought is a criminal offence under the laws of both States Parties.

1. This article shall apply to the offences established in accordance with this Convention where the person who is the subject of the request for extradition is present in the territory of the requested State Party, provided that the offence for which extradition is sought is punishable under the domestic law of both the requesting State Party and the requested State Party.
2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1 of this article, a State Party whose law so permits may grant the extradition of a person for any of the offences covered by this Convention that are not punishable under its own domestic law.
3. If the request for extradition includes several separate offences, at least one of which is extraditable under this article and some of which are not extraditable by reason of their period of imprisonment but are related to offences established in accordance with this Convention, the requested State Party may apply this article also in respect of those offences.
4. Each of the offences to which this article applies shall be deemed to be included as an extraditable offence in any extradition treaty existing between States Parties. States Parties undertake to include such offences as extraditable offences in every extradition treaty to be concluded between them. A State Party whose law so permits, in case it uses this Convention as the basis for extradition, shall not consider any of the offences established in accordance with this Convention to be a political offence.
5. If a State Party that makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another State Party with which it has no extradition treaty, it may consider this Convention the legal basis for extradition in respect of any offence to which this article applies.
6. A State Party that makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall:
(a) At the time of deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of or accession to this Convention, inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations whether it will take this Convention as the legal basis for cooperation on extradition with other States Parties to this Convention; and
(b) If it does not take this Convention as the legal basis for cooperation on extradition, seek, where appropriate, to conclude treaties on extradition with other States Parties to this Convention in order to implement this article.
7. States Parties that do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall recognize offences to which this article applies as extraditable offences between themselves.
8. Extradition shall be subject to the conditions provided for by the domestic law of the requested State Party or by applicable extradition treaties, including, inter alia, conditions in relation to the minimum penalty requirement for extradition and the grounds upon which the requested State Party may refuse extradition.
9. States Parties shall, subject to their domestic law, endeavour to expedite extradition procedures and to simplify evidentiary requirements relating thereto in respect of any offence to which this article applies.
10. Subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its extradition treaties, the requested State Party may, upon being satisfied that the circumstances so warrant and are urgent and at the request of the requesting State Party, take a person whose extradition is sought and who is present in its territory into custody or take other appropriate measures to ensure his or her presence at extradition proceedings.
11. A State Party in whose territory an alleged offender is found, if it does not extradite such person in respect of an offence to which this article applies solely on the ground that he or she is one of its nationals, shall, at the request of the State Party seeking extradition, be obliged to submit the case without undue delay to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution. Those authorities shall take their decision and conduct their proceedings in the same manner as in the case of any other offence of a grave nature under the domestic law of that State Party. The States Parties concerned shall cooperate with each other, in particular on procedural and evidentiary aspects, to ensure the efficiency of such prosecution.
12. Whenever a State Party is permitted under its domestic law to extradite or otherwise surrender one of its nationals only upon the condition that the person will be returned to that State Party to serve the sentence imposed as a result of the trial or proceedings for which the extradition or surrender of the person was sought and that State Party and the State Party seeking the extradition of the person agree with this option and other terms that they may deem appropriate, such conditional extradition or surrender shall be sufficient to discharge the obligation set forth in paragraph 11 of this article.
13. If extradition, sought for purposes of enforcing a sentence, is refused because the person sought is a national of the requested State Party, the requested State Party shall, if its domestic law so permits and in conformity with the requirements of such law, upon application of the requesting State Party, consider the enforcement of the sentence imposed under the domestic law of the requesting State Party or the remainder thereof.
14. Any person regarding whom proceedings are being carried out in connection with any of the offences to which this article applies shall be guaranteed fair treatment at all stages of the proceedings, including enjoyment of all the rights and guarantees provided by the domestic law of the State Party in the territory of which that person is present.
15. Nothing in this Convention shall be interpreted as imposing an obligation to extradite if the requested State Party has substantial grounds for believing that the request has been made for the purpose of prosecuting or punishing a person on account of that person’s sex, race, religion, nationality, ethnic origin or political opinions or that compliance with the request would cause prejudice to that person’s position for any one of these reasons.
16. States Parties may not refuse a request for extradition on the sole ground that the offence is also considered to involve fiscal matters.
17. Before refusing extradition, the requested State Party shall, where appropriate, consult with the requesting State Party to provide it with ample opportunity to present its opinions and to provide information relevant to its allegation.
18. States Parties shall seek to conclude bilateral and multilateral agreements or arrangements to carry out or to enhance the effectiveness of extradition.

States Parties may consider entering into bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements on the transfer to their territory of persons sentenced to imprisonment or other forms of deprivation of liberty for offences established in accordance with this Convention in order that they may complete their sentences there.

1. States Parties shall afford one another the widest measure of mutual legal assistance in investigations, prosecutions and judicial proceedings in relation to the offences covered by this Convention.
2. Mutual legal assistance shall be afforded to the fullest extent possible under relevant laws, treaties, agreements and arrangements of the requested State Party with respect to investigations, prosecutions and judicial proceedings in relation to the offences for which a legal person may be held liable in accordance with article 26 of this Convention in the requesting State Party.
3. Mutual legal assistance to be afforded in accordance with this article may be requested for any of the following purposes:
(a) Taking evidence or statements from persons;
(b) Effecting service of judicial documents;
(c) Executing searches and seizures, and freezing;
(d) Examining objects and sites;
(e) Providing information, evidentiary items and expert evaluations;
(f) Providing originals or certified copies of relevant documents and records, including government, bank, financial, corporate or business records;
(g) Identifying or tracing proceeds of crime, property, instrumentalities or other things for evidentiary purposes;
(h) Facilitating the voluntary appearance of persons in the requesting State Party;
(i) Any other type of assistance that is not contrary to the domestic law of the requested State Party;
(j) Identifying, freezing and tracing proceeds of crime in accordance with the provisions of chapter V of this Convention;
(k) The recovery of assets, in accordance with the provisions of chapter V of this Convention.
4. Without prejudice to domestic law, the competent authorities of a State Party may, without prior request, transmit information relating to criminal matters to a competent authority in another State Party where they believe that such information could assist the authority in undertaking or successfully concluding inquiries and criminal proceedings or could result in a request formulated by the latter State Party pursuant to this Convention.
5. The transmission of information pursuant to paragraph 4 of this article shall be without prejudice to inquiries and criminal proceedings in the State of the competent authorities providing the information. The competent authorities receiving the information shall comply with a request that said information remain confidential, even temporarily, or with restrictions on its use. However, this shall not prevent the receiving State Party from disclosing in its proceedings information that is exculpatory to an accused person. In such a case, the receiving State Party shall notify the transmitting State Party prior to the disclosure and, if so requested, consult with the transmitting State Party. If, in an exceptional case, advance notice is not possible, the receiving State Party shall inform the transmitting State Party of the disclosure without delay.
6. The provisions of this article shall not affect the obligations under any other treaty, bilateral or multilateral, that governs or will govern, in whole or in part, mutual legal assistance.
7. Paragraphs 9 to 29 of this article shall apply to requests made pursuant to this article if the States Parties in question are not bound by a treaty of mutual legal assistance. If those States Parties are bound by such a treaty, the corresponding provisions of that treaty shall apply unless the States Parties agree to apply paragraphs 9 to 29 of this article in lieu thereof. States Parties are strongly encouraged to apply those paragraphs if they facilitate cooperation.
8. States Parties shall not decline to render mutual legal assistance pursuant to this article on the ground of bank secrecy.
9. (a) A requested State Party, in responding to a request for assistance pursuant to this article in the absence of dual criminality, shall take into account the purposes of this Convention, as set forth in article 1;
(b) States Parties may decline to render assistance pursuant to this article on the ground of absence of dual criminality. However, a requested State Party shall, where consistent with the basic concepts of its legal system, render assistance that does not involve coercive action. Such assistance may be refused when requests involve matters of a de minimis nature or matters for which the cooperation or assistance sought is available under other provisions of this Convention;
(c) Each State Party may consider adopting such measures as may be necessary to enable it to provide a wider scope of assistance pursuant to this article in the absence of dual criminality.
10. A person who is being detained or is serving a sentence in the territory of one State Party whose presence in another State Party is requested for purposes of identification, testimony or otherwise providing assistance in obtaining evidence for investigations, prosecutions or judicial proceedings in relation to offences covered by this Convention may be transferred if the following conditions are met:
(a) The person freely gives his or her informed consent;
(b) The competent authorities of both States Parties agree, subject to such conditions as those States Parties may deem appropriate.
11. For the purposes of paragraph 10 of this article:
(a) The State Party to which the person is transferred shall have the authority and obligation to keep the person transferred in custody, unless otherwise requested or authorized by the State Party from which the person was transferred;
(b) The State Party to which the person is transferred shall without delay implement its obligation to return the person to the custody of the State Party from which the person was transferred as agreed beforehand, or as otherwise agreed, by the competent authorities of both States Parties;
(c) The State Party to which the person is transferred shall not require the State Party from which the person was transferred to initiate extradition proceedings for the return of the person;
(d) The person transferred shall receive credit for service of the sentence being served in the State from which he or she was transferred for time spent in the custody of the State Party to which he or she was transferred.
12. Unless the State Party from which a person is to be transferred in accordance with paragraphs 10 and 11 of this article so agrees, that person, whatever his or her nationality, shall not be prosecuted, detained, punished or subjected to any other restriction of his or her personal liberty in the territory of the State to which that person is transferred in respect of acts, omissions or convictions prior to his or her departure from the territory of the State from which he or she was transferred.
13. Each State Party shall designate a central authority that shall have the responsibility and power to receive requests for mutual legal assistance and either to execute them or to transmit them to the competent authorities for execution. Where a State Party has a special region or territory with a separate system of mutual legal assistance, it may designate a distinct central authority that shall have the same function for that region or territory. Central authorities shall ensure the speedy and proper execution or transmission of the requests received. Where the central authority transmits the request to a competent authority for execution, it shall encourage the speedy and proper execution of the request by the competent authority. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be notified of the central authority designated for this purpose at the time each State Party deposits its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of or accession to this Convention. Requests for mutual legal assistance and any communication related thereto shall be transmitted to the central authorities designated by the States Parties. This requirement shall be without prejudice to the right of a State Party to require that such requests and communications be addressed to it through diplomatic channels and, in urgent circumstances, where the States Parties agree, through the International Criminal Police Organization, if possible.
14. Requests shall be made in writing or, where possible, by any means capable of producing a written record, in a language acceptable to the requested State Party, under conditions allowing that State Party to establish authenticity. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be notified of the language or languages acceptable to each State Party at the time it deposits its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of or accession to this Convention. In urgent circumstances and where agreed by the States Parties, requests may be made orally but shall be confirmed in writing forthwith.
15. A request for mutual legal assistance shall contain:
(a) The identity of the authority making the request;
(b) The subject matter and nature of the investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding to which the request relates and the name and functions of the authority conducting the investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding;
(c) A summary of the relevant facts, except in relation to requests for the purpose of service of judicial documents;
(d) A description of the assistance sought and details of any particular procedure that the requesting State Party wishes to be followed;
(e) Where possible, the identity, location and nationality of any person concerned; and
(f) The purpose for which the evidence, information or action is sought.
16. The requested State Party may request additional information when it appears necessary for the execution of the request in accordance with its domestic law or when it can facilitate such execution.
17. A request shall be executed in accordance with the domestic law of the requested State Party and, to the extent not contrary to the domestic law of the requested State Party and where possible, in accordance with the procedures specified in the request.
18. Wherever possible and consistent with fundamental principles of domestic law, when an individual is in the territory of a State Party and has to be heard as a witness or expert by the judicial authorities of another State Party, the first State Party may, at the request of the other, permit the hearing to take place by video conference if it is not possible or desirable for the individual in question to appear in person in the territory of the requesting State Party. States Parties may agree that the hearing shall be conducted by a judicial authority of the requesting State Party and attended by a judicial authority of the requested State Party.
19. The requesting State Party shall not transmit or use information or evidence furnished by the requested State Party for investigations, prosecutions or judicial proceedings other than those stated in the request without the prior consent of the requested State Party. Nothing in this paragraph shall prevent the requesting State Party from disclosing in its proceedings information or evidence that is exculpatory to an accused person. In the latter case, the requesting State Party shall notify the requested State Party prior to the disclosure and, if so requested, consult with the requested State Party. If, in an exceptional case, advance notice is not possible, the requesting State Party shall inform the requested State Party of the disclosure without delay.
20. The requesting State Party may require that the requested State Party keep confidential the fact and substance of the request, except to the extent necessary to execute the request. If the requested State Party cannot comply with the requirement of confidentiality, it shall promptly inform the requesting State Party.
21. Mutual legal assistance may be refused:
(a) If the request is not made in conformity with the provisions of this article;
(b) If the requested State Party considers that execution of the request is likely to prejudice its sovereignty, security, ordre public or other essential interests;
(c) If the authorities of the requested State Party would be prohibited by its domestic law from carrying out the action requested with regard to any similar offence, had it been subject to investigation, prosecution or judicial proceedings under their own jurisdiction;
(d) If it would be contrary to the legal system of the requested State Party relating to mutual legal assistance for the request to be granted.
22. States Parties may not refuse a request for mutual legal assistance on the sole ground that the offence is also considered to involve fiscal matters.
23. Reasons shall be given for any refusal of mutual legal assistance.
24. The requested State Party shall execute the request for mutual legal assistance as soon as possible and shall take as full account as possible of any deadlines suggested by the requesting State Party and for which reasons are given, preferably in the request. The requesting State Party may make reasonable requests for information on the status and progress of measures taken by the requested State Party to satisfy its request. The requested State Party shall respond to reasonable requests by the requesting State Party on the status, and progress in its handling, of the request. The requesting State Party shall promptly inform the requested State Party when the assistance sought is no longer required.
25. Mutual legal assistance may be postponed by the requested State Party on the ground that it interferes with an ongoing investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding.
26. Before refusing a request pursuant to paragraph 21 of this article or postponing its execution pursuant to paragraph 25 of this article, the requested State Party shall consult with the requesting State Party to consider whether assistance may be granted subject to such terms and conditions as it deems necessary. If the requesting State Party accepts assistance subject to those conditions, it shall comply with the conditions.
27. Without prejudice to the application of paragraph 12 of this article, a witness, expert or other person who, at the request of the requesting State Party, consents to give evidence in a proceeding or to assist in an investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding in the territory of the requesting State Party shall not be prosecuted, detained, punished or subjected to any other restriction of his or her personal liberty in that territory in respect of acts, omissions or convictions prior to his or her departure from the territory of the requested State Party. Such safe conduct shall cease when the witness, expert or other person having had, for a period of fifteen consecutive days or for any period agreed upon by the States Parties from the date on which he or she has been officially informed that his or her presence is no longer required by the judicial authorities, an opportunity of leaving, has nevertheless remained voluntarily in the territory of the requesting State Party or, having left it, has returned of his or her own free will.
28. The ordinary costs of executing a request shall be borne by the requested State Party, unless otherwise agreed by the States Parties concerned. If expenses of a substantial or extraordinary nature are or will be required to fulfil the request, the States Parties shall consult to determine the terms and conditions under which the request will be executed, as well as the manner in which the costs shall be borne.
29. The requested State Party:
(a) Shall provide to the requesting State Party copies of government records, documents or information in its possession that under its domestic law are available to the general public;
(b) May, at its discretion, provide to the requesting State Party in whole, in part or subject to such conditions as it deems appropriate, copies of any government records, documents or information in its possession that under its domestic law are not available to the general public.
30. States Parties shall consider, as may be necessary, the possibility of concluding bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements that would serve the purposes of, give practical effect to or enhance the provisions of this article.

States Parties shall consider the possibility of transferring to one another proceedings for the prosecution of an offence established in accordance with this Convention in cases where such transfer is considered to be in the interests of the proper administration of justice, in particular in cases where several jurisdictions are involved, with a view to concentrating the prosecution.

1. States Parties shall cooperate closely with one another, consistent with their respective domestic legal and administrative systems, to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement action to combat the offences covered by this Convention. States Parties shall, in particular, take effective measures:
(a) To enhance and, where necessary, to establish channels of communication between their competent authorities, agencies and services in order to facilitate the secure and rapid exchange of information concerning all aspects of the offences covered by this Convention, including, if the States Parties concerned deem it appropriate, links with other criminal activities;
(b) To cooperate with other States Parties in conducting inquiries with respect to offences covered by this Convention concerning:
(i) The identity, whereabouts and activities of persons suspected of involvement in such offences or the location of other persons concerned;
(ii) The movement of proceeds of crime or property derived from the commission of such offences;
(iii) The movement of property, equipment or other instrumentalities used or intended for use in the commission of such offences;
(c) To provide, where appropriate, necessary items or quantities of substances for analytical or investigative purposes;
(d) To exchange, where appropriate, information with other States Parties concerning specific means and methods used to commit offences covered by this Convention, including the use of false identities, forged, altered or false documents and other means of concealing activities;
(e) To facilitate effective coordination between their competent authorities, agencies and services and to promote the exchange of personnel and other experts, including, subject to bilateral agreements or arrangements between the States Parties concerned, the posting of liaison officers;
(f) To exchange information and coordinate administrative and other measures taken as appropriate for the purpose of early identification of the offences covered by this Convention.
2. With a view to giving effect to this Convention, States Parties shall consider entering into bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements on direct cooperation between their law enforcement agencies and, where such agreements or arrangements already exist, amending them. In the absence of such agreements or arrangements between the States Parties concerned, the States Parties may consider this Convention to be the basis for mutual law enforcement cooperation in respect of the offences covered by this Convention. Whenever appropriate, States Parties shall make full use of agreements or arrangements, including international or regional organizations, to enhance the cooperation between their law enforcement agencies.
3. States Parties shall endeavour to cooperate within their means to respond to offences covered by this Convention committed through the use of modern technology.

States Parties shall consider concluding bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements whereby, in relation to matters that are the subject of investigations, prosecutions or judicial proceedings in one or more States, the competent authorities concerned may establish joint investigative bodies. In the absence of such agreements or arrangements, joint investigations may be undertaken by agreement on a case-by-case basis. The States Parties involved shall ensure that the sovereignty of the State Party in whose territory such investigation is to take place is fully respected.

1. In order to combat corruption effectively, each State Party shall, to the extent permitted by the basic principles of its domestic legal system and in accordance with the conditions prescribed by its domestic law, take such measures as may be necessary, within its means, to allow for the appropriate use by its competent authorities of controlled delivery and, where it deems appropriate, other special investigative techniques, such as electronic or other forms of surveillance and undercover operations, within its territory, and to allow for the admissibility in court of evidence derived therefrom.
2. For the purpose of investigating the offences covered by this Convention, States Parties are encouraged to conclude, when necessary, appropriate bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements for using such special investigative techniques in the context of cooperation at the international level. Such agreements or arrangements shall be concluded and implemented in full compliance with the principle of sovereign equality of States and shall be carried out strictly in accordance with the terms of those agreements or arrangements.
3. In the absence of an agreement or arrangement as set forth in paragraph 2 of this article, decisions to use such special investigative techniques at the international level shall be made on a case-by-case basis and may, when necessary, take into consideration financial arrangements and understandings with respect to the exercise of jurisdiction by the States Parties concerned.
4. Decisions to use controlled delivery at the international level may, with the consent of the States Parties concerned, include methods such as intercepting and allowing the goods or funds to continue intact or be removed or replaced in whole or in part.

The return of assets pursuant to this chapter is a fundamental principle of this Convention, and States Parties shall afford one another the widest measure of cooperation and assistance in this regard.

1. Without prejudice to article 14 of this Convention, each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary, in accordance with its domestic law, to require financial institutions within its jurisdiction to verify the identity of customers, to take reasonable steps to determine the identity of beneficial owners of funds deposited into high-value accounts and to conduct enhanced scrutiny of accounts sought or maintained by or on behalf of individuals who are, or have been, entrusted with prominent public functions and their family members and close associates. Such enhanced scrutiny shall be reasonably designed to detect suspicious transactions for the purpose of reporting to competent authorities and should not be so construed as to discourage or prohibit financial institutions from doing business with any legitimate customer.
2. In order to facilitate implementation of the measures provided for in paragraph 1 of this article, each State Party, in accordance with its domestic law and inspired by relevant initiatives of regional, interregional and multilateral organizations against money-laundering, shall:
(a) Issue advisories regarding the types of natural or legal person to whose accounts financial institutions within its jurisdiction will be expected to apply enhanced scrutiny, the types of accounts and transactions to which to pay particular attention and appropriate account-opening, maintenance and record-keeping measures to take concerning such accounts; and
(b) Where appropriate, notify financial institutions within its jurisdiction, at the request of another State Party or on its own initiative, of the identity of particular natural or legal persons to whose accounts such institutions will be expected to apply enhanced scrutiny, in addition to those whom the financial institutions may otherwise identify.
3. In the context of paragraph 2 (a) of this article, each State Party shall implement measures to ensure that its financial institutions maintain adequate records, over an appropriate period of time, of accounts and transactions involving the persons mentioned in paragraph 1 of this article, which should, as a minimum, contain information relating to the identity of the customer as well as, as far as possible, of the beneficial owner.
4. With the aim of preventing and detecting transfers of proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention, each State Party shall implement appropriate and effective measures to prevent, with the help of its regulatory and oversight bodies, the establishment of banks that have no physical presence and that are not affiliated with a regulated financial group. Moreover, States Parties may consider requiring their financial institutions to refuse to enter into or continue a correspondent banking relationship with such institutions and to guard against establishing relations with foreign financial institutions that permit their accounts to be used by banks that have no physical presence and that are not affiliated with a regulated financial group.
5. Each State Party shall consider establishing, in accordance with its domestic law, effective financial disclosure systems for appropriate public officials and shall provide for appropriate sanctions for non-compliance. Each State Party shall also consider taking such measures as may be necessary to permit its competent authorities to share that information with the competent authorities in other States Parties when necessary to investigate, claim and recover proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention.
6. Each State Party shall consider taking such measures as may be necessary, in accordance with its domestic law, to require appropriate public officials having an interest in or signature or other authority over a financial account in a foreign country to report that relationship to appropriate authorities and to maintain appropriate records related to such accounts. Such measures shall also provide for appropriate sanctions for non-compliance.

Each State Party shall, in accordance with its domestic law:
(a) Take such measures as may be necessary to permit another State Party to initiate civil action in its courts to establish title to or ownership of property acquired through the commission of an offence established in accordance with this Convention;
(b) Take such measures as may be necessary to permit its courts to order those who have committed offences established in accordance with this Convention to pay compensation or damages to another State Party that has been harmed by such offences; and
(c) Take such measures as may be necessary to permit its courts or competent authorities, when having to decide on confiscation, to recognize another State Party’s claim as a legitimate owner of property acquired through the commission of an offence established in accordance with this Convention.

1. Each State Party, in order to provide mutual legal assistance pursuant to article 55 of this Convention with respect to property acquired through or involved in the commission of an offence established in accordance with this Convention, shall, in accordance with its domestic law:
(a) Take such measures as may be necessary to permit its competent authorities to give effect to an order of confiscation issued by a court of another State Party;
(b) Take such measures as may be necessary to permit its competent authorities, where they have jurisdiction, to order the confiscation of such property of foreign origin by adjudication of an offence of money-laundering or such other offence as may be within its jurisdiction or by other procedures authorized under its domestic law; and
(c) Consider taking such measures as may be necessary to allow confiscation of such property without a criminal conviction in cases in which the offender cannot be prosecuted by reason of death, flight or absence or in other appropriate cases.
2. Each State Party, in order to provide mutual legal assistance upon a request made pursuant to paragraph 2 of article 55 of this Convention, shall, in accordance with its domestic law:
(a) Take such measures as may be necessary to permit its competent authorities to freeze or seize property upon a freezing or seizure order issued by a court or competent authority of a requesting State Party that provides a reasonable basis for the requested State Party to believe that there are sufficient grounds for taking such actions and that the property would eventually be subject to an order of confiscation for purposes of paragraph 1 (a) of this article;
(b) Take such measures as may be necessary to permit its competent authorities to freeze or seize property upon a request that provides a reasonable basis for the requested State Party to believe that there are sufficient grounds for taking such actions and that the property would eventually be subject to an order of confiscation for purposes of paragraph 1 (a) of this article; and
(c) Consider taking additional measures to permit its competent authorities to preserve property for confiscation, such as on the basis of a foreign arrest or criminal charge related to the acquisition of such property.

1. A State Party that has received a request from another State Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with this Convention for confiscation of proceeds of crime, property, equipment or other instrumentalities referred to in article 31, paragraph 1, of this Convention situated in its territory shall, to the greatest extent possible within its domestic legal system:
(a) Submit the request to its competent authorities for the purpose of obtaining an order of confiscation and, if such an order is granted, give effect to it; or
(b) Submit to its competent authorities, with a view to giving effect to it to the extent requested, an order of confiscation issued by a court in the territory of the requesting State Party in accordance with articles 31, paragraph 1, and 54, paragraph 1 (a), of this Convention insofar as it relates to proceeds of crime, property, equipment or other instrumentalities referred to in article 31, paragraph 1, situated in the territory of the requested State Party.
2. Following a request made by another State Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with this Convention, the requested State Party shall take measures to identify, trace and freeze or seize proceeds of crime, property, equipment or other instrumentalities referred to in article 31, paragraph 1, of this Convention for the purpose of eventual confiscation to be ordered either by the requesting State Party or, pursuant to a request under paragraph 1 of this article, by the requested State Party.
3. The provisions of article 46 of this Convention are applicable, mutatis mutandis, to this article. In addition to the information specified in article 46, paragraph 15, requests made pursuant to this article shall contain:
(a) In the case of a request pertaining to paragraph 1 (a) of this article, a description of the property to be confiscated, including, to the extent possible, the location and, where relevant, the estimated value of the property and a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting State Party sufficient to enable the requested State Party to seek the order under its domestic law;
(b) In the case of a request pertaining to paragraph 1 (b) of this article, a legally admissible copy of an order of confiscation upon which the request is based issued by the requesting State Party, a statement of the facts and information as to the extent to which execution of the order is requested, a statement specifying the measures taken by the requesting State Party to provide adequate notification to bona fide third parties and to ensure due process and a statement that the confiscation order is final;
(c) In the case of a request pertaining to paragraph 2 of this article, a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting State Party and a description of the actions requested and, where available, a legally admissible copy of an order on which the request is based.
4. The decisions or actions provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article shall be taken by the requested State Party in accordance with and subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its procedural rules or any bilateral or multilateral agreement or arrangement to which it may be bound in relation to the requesting State Party.
5. Each State Party shall furnish copies of its laws and regulations that give effect to this article and of any subsequent changes to such laws and regulations or a description thereof to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
6. If a State Party elects to make the taking of the measures referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article conditional on the existence of a relevant treaty, that State Party shall consider this Convention the necessary and sufficient treaty basis.
7. Cooperation under this article may also be refused or provisional measures lifted if the requested State Party does not receive sufficient and timely evidence or if the property is of a de minimis value.
8. Before lifting any provisional measure taken pursuant to this article, the requested State Party shall, wherever possible, give the requesting State Party an opportunity to present its reasons in favour of continuing the measure.
9. The provisions of this article shall not be construed as prejudicing the rights of bona fide third parties.

Without prejudice to its domestic law, each State Party shall endeavour to take measures to permit it to forward, without prejudice to its own investigations, prosecutions or judicial proceedings, information on proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention to another State Party without prior request, when it considers that the disclosure of such information might assist the receiving State Party in initiating or carrying out investigations, prosecutions or judicial proceedings or might lead to a request by that State Party under this chapter of the Convention.

1. Property confiscated by a State Party pursuant to article 31 or 55 of this Convention shall be disposed of, including by return to its prior legitimate owners, pursuant to paragraph 3 of this article, by that State Party in accordance with the provisions of this Convention and its domestic law.
2. Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures, in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law, as may be necessary to enable its competent authorities to return confiscated property, when acting on the request made by another State Party, in accordance with this Convention, taking into account the rights of bona fide third parties.
3. In accordance with articles 46 and 55 of this Convention and paragraphs 1 and 2 of this article, the requested State Party shall:
(a) In the case of embezzlement of public funds or of laundering of embezzled public funds as referred to in articles 17 and 23 of this Convention, when confiscation was executed in accordance with article 55 and on the basis of a final judgement in the requesting State Party, a requirement that can be waived by the requested State Party, return the confiscated property to the requesting State Party;
(b) In the case of proceeds of any other offence covered by this Convention, when the confiscation was executed in accordance with article 55 of this Convention and on the basis of a final judgement in the requesting State Party, a requirement that can be waived by the requested State Party, return the confiscated property to the requesting State Party, when the requesting State Party reasonably establishes its prior ownership of such confiscated property to the requested State Party or when the requested State Party recognizes damage to the requesting State Party as a basis for returning the confiscated property;
(c) In all other cases, give priority consideration to returning confiscated property to the requesting State Party, returning such property to its prior legitimate owners or compensating the victims of the crime.
4. Where appropriate, unless States Parties decide otherwise, the requested State Party may deduct reasonable expenses incurred in investigations, prosecutions or judicial proceedings leading to the return or disposition of confiscated property pursuant to this article.
5. Where appropriate, States Parties may also give special consideration to concluding agreements or mutually acceptable arrangements, on a case-by-case basis, for the final disposal of confiscated property.

States Parties shall cooperate with one another for the purpose of preventing and combating the transfer of proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention and of promoting ways and means of recovering such proceeds and, to that end, shall consider establishing a financial intelligence unit to be responsible for receiving, analysing and disseminating to the competent authorities reports of suspicious financial transactions.

States Parties shall consider concluding bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements to enhance the effectiveness of international cooperation undertaken pursuant to this chapter of the Convention.

1. Each State Party shall, to the extent necessary, initiate, develop or improve specific training programmes for its personnel responsible for preventing and combating corruption. Such training programmes could deal, inter alia, with the following areas:
(a) Effective measures to prevent, detect, investigate, punish and control corruption, including the use of evidence-gathering and investigative methods;
(b) Building capacity in the development and planning of strategic anticorruption policy;
(c) Training competent authorities in the preparation of requests for mutual legal assistance that meet the requirements of this Convention;
(d) Evaluation and strengthening of institutions, public service management and the management of public finances, including public procurement, and the private sector;
(e) Preventing and combating the transfer of proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention and recovering such proceeds;
(f) Detecting and freezing of the transfer of proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention;
(g) Surveillance of the movement of proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention and of the methods used to transfer, conceal or disguise such proceeds;
(h) Appropriate and efficient legal and administrative mechanisms and methods for facilitating the return of proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention;
(i) Methods used in protecting victims and witnesses who cooperate with judicial authorities; and
(j) Training in national and international regulations and in languages.
2. States Parties shall, according to their capacity, consider affording one another the widest measure of technical assistance, especially for the benefit of developing countries, in their respective plans and programmes to combat corruption, including material support and training in the areas referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, and training and assistance and the mutual exchange of relevant experience and specialized knowledge, which will facilitate international cooperation between States Parties in the areas of extradition and mutual legal assistance.
3. States Parties shall strengthen, to the extent necessary, efforts to maximize operational and training activities in international and regional organizations and in the framework of relevant bilateral and multilateral agreements or arrangements.
4. States Parties shall consider assisting one another, upon request, in conducting evaluations, studies and research relating to the types, causes, effects and costs of corruption in their respective countries, with a view to developing, with the participation of competent authorities and society, strategies and action plans to combat corruption.
5. In order to facilitate the recovery of proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention, States Parties may cooperate in providing each other with the names of experts who could assist in achieving that objective.
6. States Parties shall consider using subregional, regional and international conferences and seminars to promote cooperation and technical assistance and to stimulate discussion on problems of mutual concern, including the special problems and needs of developing countries and countries with economies in transition.
7. States Parties shall consider establishing voluntary mechanisms with a view to contributing financially to the efforts of developing countries and countries with economies in transition to apply this Convention through technical assistance programmes and projects.
8. Each State Party shall consider making voluntary contributions to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime for the purpose of fostering, through the Office, programmes and projects in developing countries with a view to implementing this Convention.

1. Each State Party shall consider analysing, in consultation with experts, trends in corruption in its territory, as well as the circumstances in which corruption offences are committed.
2. States Parties shall consider developing and sharing with each other and through international and regional organizations statistics, analytical expertise concerning corruption and information with a view to developing, insofar as possible, common definitions, standards and methodologies, as well as information on best practices to prevent and combat corruption.
3. Each State Party shall consider monitoring its policies and actual measures to combat corruption and making assessments of their effectiveness and efficiency.

1. States Parties shall take measures conducive to the optimal implementation of this Convention to the extent possible, through international cooperation, taking into account the negative effects of corruption on society in general, in particular on sustainable development.
2. States Parties shall make concrete efforts to the extent possible and in coordination with each other, as well as with international and regional organizations:
(a) To enhance their cooperation at various levels with developing countries, with a view to strengthening the capacity of the latter to prevent and combat corruption;
(b) To enhance financial and material assistance to support the efforts of developing countries to prevent and fight corruption effectively and to help them implement this Convention successfully;
(c) To provide technical assistance to developing countries and countries with economies in transition to assist them in meeting their needs for the implementation of this Convention. To that end, States Parties shall endeavour to make adequate and regular voluntary contributions to an account specifically designated for that purpose in a United Nations funding mechanism. States Parties may also give special consideration, in accordance with their domestic law and the provisions of this Convention, to contributing to that account a percentage of the money or of the corresponding value of proceeds of crime or property confiscated in accordance with the provisions of this Convention;
(d) To encourage and persuade other States and financial institutions as appropriate to join them in efforts in accordance with this article, in particular by providing more training programmes and modern equipment to developing countries in order to assist them in achieving the objectives of this Convention.
3. To the extent possible, these measures shall be without prejudice to existing foreign assistance commitments or to other financial cooperation arrangements at the bilateral, regional or international level.
4. States Parties may conclude bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements on material and logistical assistance, taking into consideration the financial arrangements necessary for the means of international cooperation provided for by this Convention to be effective and for the prevention, detection and control of corruption.

1. A Conference of the States Parties to the Convention is hereby established to improve the capacity of and cooperation between States Parties to achieve the objectives set forth in this Convention and to promote and review its implementation.
2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall convene the Conference of the States Parties not later than one year following the entry into force of this Convention. Thereafter, regular meetings of the Conference of the States Parties shall be held in accordance with the rules of procedure adopted by the Conference.
3. The Conference of the States Parties shall adopt rules of procedure and rules governing the functioning of the activities set forth in this article, including rules concerning the admission and participation of observers, and the payment of expenses incurred in carrying out those activities.
4. The Conference of the States Parties shall agree upon activities, procedures and methods of work to achieve the objectives set forth in paragraph 1 of this article, including:
(a) Facilitating activities by States Parties under articles 60 and 62 and chapters II to V of this Convention, including by encouraging the mobilization of voluntary contributions;
(b) Facilitating the exchange of information among States Parties on patterns and trends in corruption and on successful practices for preventing and combating it and for the return of proceeds of crime, through, inter alia, the publication of relevant information as mentioned in this article;
(c) Cooperating with relevant international and regional organizations and mechanisms and non-governmental organizations;
(d) Making appropriate use of relevant information produced by other international and regional mechanisms for combating and preventing corruption in order to avoid unnecessary duplication of work;
(e) Reviewing periodically the implementation of this Convention by its States Parties;
(f) Making recommendations to improve this Convention and its implementation;
(g) Taking note of the technical assistance requirements of States Parties with regard to the implementation of this Convention and recommending any action it may deem necessary in that respect.
5. For the purpose of paragraph 4 of this article, the Conference of the States Parties shall acquire the necessary knowledge of the measures taken by States Parties in implementing this Convention and the difficulties encountered by them in doing so through information provided by them and through such supplemental review mechanisms as may be established by the Conference of the States Parties.
6. Each State Party shall provide the Conference of the States Parties with information on its programmes, plans and practices, as well as on legislative and administrative measures to implement this Convention, as required by the Conference of the States Parties. The Conference of the States Parties shall examine the most effective way of receiving and acting upon information, including, inter alia, information received from States Parties and from competent international organizations. Inputs received from relevant non-governmental organizations duly accredited in accordance with procedures to be decided upon by the Conference of the States Parties may also be considered.
7. Pursuant to paragraphs 4 to 6 of this article, the Conference of the States Parties shall establish, if it deems it necessary, any appropriate mechanism or body to assist in the effective implementation of the Convention.

1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall provide the necessary secretariat services to the Conference of the States Parties to the Convention.
2. The secretariat shall:
(a) Assist the Conference of the States Parties in carrying out the activities set forth in article 63 of this Convention and make arrangements and provide the necessary services for the sessions of the Conference of the States Parties;
(b) Upon request, assist States Parties in providing information to the Conference of the States Parties as envisaged in article 63, paragraphs 5 and 6, of this Convention; and
(c) Ensure the necessary coordination with the secretariats of relevant international and regional organizations.

1. Each State Party shall take the necessary measures, including legislative and administrative measures, in accordance with fundamental principles of its domestic law, to ensure the implementation of its obligations under this Convention.
2. Each State Party may adopt more strict or severe measures than those provided for by this Convention for preventing and combating corruption.

1. States Parties shall endeavour to settle disputes concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention through negotiation.
2. Any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention that cannot be settled through negotiation within a reasonable time shall, at the request of one of those States Parties, be submitted to arbitration. If, six months after the date of the request for arbitration, those States Parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, any one of those States Parties may refer the dispute to the International Court of Justice by request in accordance with the Statute of the Court.
3. Each State Party may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance or approval of or accession to this Convention, declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 2 of this article. The other States Parties shall not be bound by paragraph 2 of this article with respect to any State Party that has made such a reservation.
4. Any State Party that has made a reservation in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article may at any time withdraw that reservation by notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

1. This Convention shall be open to all States for signature from 9 to 11 December 2003 in Merida, Mexico, and thereafter at United Nations Headquarters in New York until 9 December 2005.
2. This Convention shall also be open for signature by regional economic integration organizations provided that at least one member State of such organization has signed this Convention in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article.
3. This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. A regional economic integration organization may deposit its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval if at least one of its member States has done likewise. In that instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval, such organization shall declare the extent of its competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. Such organization shall also inform the depositary of any relevant modification in the extent of its competence.
4. This Convention is open for accession by any State or any regional economic integration organization of which at least one member State is a Party to this Convention. Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary- General of the United Nations. At the time of its accession, a regional economic integration organization shall declare the extent of its competence with respect to matters governed by this Convention. Such organization shall also inform the depositary of any relevant modification in the extent of its competence.

1. This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the thirtieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. For the purpose of this paragraph, any instrument deposited by a regional economic integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by member States of such organization.
2. For each State or regional economic integration organization ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention after the deposit of the thirtieth instrument of such action, this Convention shall enter into force on the thirtieth day after the date of deposit by such State or organization of the relevant instrument or on the date this Convention enters into force pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article, whichever is later.

1. After the expiry of five years from the entry into force of this Convention, a State Party may propose an amendment and transmit it to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall thereupon communicate the proposed amendment to the States Parties and to the Conference of the States Parties to the Convention for the purpose of considering and deciding on the proposal. The Conference of the States Parties shall make every effort to achieve consensus on each amendment. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted and no agreement has been reached, the amendment shall, as a last resort, require for its adoption a two-thirds majority vote of the States Parties present and voting at the meeting of the Conference of the States Parties.
2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote under this article with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States that are Parties to this Convention. Such organizations shall not exercise their right to vote if their member States exercise theirs and vice versa.
3. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States Parties.
4. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article shall enter into force in respect of a State Party ninety days after the date of the deposit with the Secretary-General of the United Nations of an instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of such amendment.
5. When an amendment enters into force, it shall be binding on those States Parties which have expressed their consent to be bound by it. Other States Parties shall still be bound by the provisions of this Convention and any earlier amendments that they have ratified, accepted or approved.

1. A State Party may denounce this Convention by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Such denunciation shall become effective one year after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary- General.
2. A regional economic integration organization shall cease to be a Party to this Convention when all of its member States have denounced it.

1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is designated depositary of this Convention.
2. The original of this Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized thereto by their respective Governments, have signed this Convention.

Države pogodbenice te konvencije so se,
zaskrbljene zaradi resnosti težav in nevarnosti, ki jih prinaša korupcija za stabilnost in varnost družb zaradi spodkopavanja institucij in vrednot demokracije, etičnih načel in pravičnosti ter ogrožanja trajnostnega razvoja in vladavine prava,
zaskrbljene tudi zaradi povezav med korupcijo in drugimi oblikami kriminala, zlasti organiziranega in gospodarskega, vključno s pranjem denarja,
zaskrbljene zaradi primerov korupcije, ki vključujejo zelo veliko sredstev, ki lahko pomenijo precejšen delež virov držav, in ogrožajo njihovo politično stabilnost in trajnosten razvoj,
prepričane, da korupcija ni več lokalno vprašanje, temveč mednaroden pojav, ki vpliva na vse družbe in gospodarstva, zaradi česar je nujno potrebno mednarodno sodelovanje za njeno preprečevanje in nadzor,
prepričane tudi, da je za učinkovito preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej potreben vsestranski in interdisciplinaren pristop,
prepričane, da lahko razpoložljivost strokovne pomoči igra pomembno vlogo pri izboljšanju sposobnosti držav za učinkovito preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej, vključno s krepitvijo zmogljivosti in razvojem institucij,
prepričane, da lahko nezakonito pridobivanje osebnega bogastva škodi zlasti demokratičnim institucijam, nacionalnim gospodarstvom in vladavini prava,
odločne, da bodo učinkoviteje preprečile, odkrile in zatrle mednarodne prenose nezakonito pridobljenih sredstev in okrepile mednarodno sodelovanje pri vračanju premoženja,
priznavajoč temeljna načela kazenskih in civilnih ali upravnih postopkov za sodno odločanje o premoženjskih pravicah,
ob upoštevanju, da sta preprečevanje in odprava korupcije odgovornost vseh držav in da morajo med seboj sodelovati, pri čemer sta potrebni podpora in vključitev posameznikov in skupin zunaj javnega sektorja, kot so civilna družba, nevladne organizacije in skupnosti, če naj bi bila njihova prizadevanja na tem področju uspešna,
ob upoštevanju načel ustreznega vodenja javnih zadev in upravljanja javnega premoženja, poštenosti, odgovornosti in enakosti pred zakonom ter potrebe po varovanju integritete in spodbujanju kulture zavračanja korupcije,
zadovoljne z delom Komisije za preprečevanje kriminalitete in kazensko pravosodje ter Urada Združenih narodov za droge in kriminal pri preprečevanju korupcije in boju proti njej,
ob upoštevanju dela, ki so ga na tem področju opravile druge mednarodne in regionalne organizacije, vključno z dejavnostmi Afriške unije, Sveta Evrope, Sveta za carinsko sodelovanje (znanega tudi kot Svetovna carinska organizacija), Evropske unije, Lige arabskih držav, Organizacije za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj in Organizacije ameriških držav,
zadovoljne z večstranskimi dokumenti za preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej, med drugim Medameriško konvencijo proti korupciji, ki jo je sprejela Organizacija ameriških držav 29. marca 1996, Konvencijo o boju proti korupciji uradnikov Evropskih skupnosti ali uradnikov držav članic Evropske unije, ki jo je sprejel Svet Evropske unije 26. maja 1997, Konvencijo o boju proti podkupovanju tujih javnih uslužbencev v mednarodnem poslovanju, ki jo je sprejela Organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj 21. novembra 1997, Kazenskopravno konvencijo o korupciji, ki jo je sprejel Odbor ministrov Sveta Evrope 27. januarja 1999, Civilnopravno konvencijo o korupciji, ki jo je sprejel Odbor ministrov Sveta Evrope 4. novembra 1999, in Konvencijo Afriške unije o preprečevanju korupcije in boju proti njej, ki so jo sprejeli voditelji držav in vlad Afriške unije 12. julija 2003,
pozdravljajoč začetek veljavnosti Konvencije Združenih narodov proti mednarodnemu organiziranemu kriminalu 29. septembra 2003,
dogovorile naslednje:

Namen te konvencije je:
(a) spodbujati in krepiti ukrepe za učinkovitejše in uspešnejše preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej;
(b) spodbujati, olajšati in podpirati mednarodno sodelovanje in strokovno pomoč pri preprečevanju korupcije in boju proti njej, vključno z vračanjem premoženja;
(c) spodbujati integriteto, odgovornost in ustrezno vodenje javnih zadev ter upravljanje javnega premoženja.

V tej konvenciji:
(a) "javni uslužbenec" pomeni (i) osebo s trajnim ali začasnim zakonodajnim, izvršilnim, upravnim ali sodnim mandatom v državi pogodbenici, ne glede na to, ali je imenovana ali izvoljena, plačana ali ne in ne glede na njen položaj v hierarhiji; (ii) drugo osebo, ki dela v javnem sektorju, vključno z javno agencijo ali javnim podjetjem, ali opravlja javne storitve, kot je opredeljeno v notranjem pravu države pogodbenice in kot se uporablja na ustreznem pravnem področju te države pogodbenice; (iii) drugo osebo, ki je opredeljena kot "javni uslužbenec" v notranjem pravu države pogodbenice. V nekaterih posebnih ukrepih iz II. poglavja te konvencije pa lahko "javni uslužbenec" pomeni katero koli osebo, ki dela v javnem sektorju ali opravlja javne storitve, kot je opredeljeno v notranjem pravu države pogodbenice in kot se uporablja na ustreznem pravnem področju te države pogodbenice;
(b) "tuji javni uslužbenec" je oseba z zakonodajnim, izvršilnim, upravnim ali sodnim mandatom v tuji državi, ne glede na to, ali je imenovana ali izvoljena, in oseba, ki dela v javnem sektorju tuje države, vključno z javno agencijo ali javnim podjetjem;
(c) "uslužbenec mednarodne organizacije" je mednarodni uradnik ali oseba, ki jo taka organizacija pooblasti, da deluje v njenem imenu;
(d) "premoženje" je materialno ali nematerialno, premično ali nepremično, opredmeteno ali neopredmeteno, ter pravni dokumenti ali listine, ki potrjujejo lastništvo ali delež v takem premoženju;
(e) "premoženjska korist, pridobljena s kaznivim dejanjem" pomeni kakršno koli premoženje, ki neposredno ali posredno izvira iz storjenega kaznivega dejanja ali je pridobljeno na njegovi podlagi;
(f) "zamrznitev" ali "zaseg" je začasna prepoved prenosa, zamenjave, razpolaganja s premoženjem ali njegovega pretoka ali začasna hramba premoženja ali nadzor na podlagi odredbe, ki jo izda sodišče ali drug pristojen organ;
(g) "odvzem" pomeni trajen odvzem premoženja na podlagi odredbe sodišča ali drugega pristojnega organa;
(h) "predhodno kaznivo dejanje" je kaznivo dejanje, katerega posledica je premoženjska korist, ki je lahko predmet kaznivega dejanja iz 23. člena te konvencije;
(i) "nadzorovana pošiljka" pomeni metodo, ki dopušča vstop, prehod ali izstop protipravnih ali sumljivih pošiljk na ozemlje, čezenj ali z ozemlja ene ali več držav ob vednosti in pod nadzorom njihovih pristojnih organov zaradi preiskave kaznivega dejanja in identifikacije oseb, udeleženih pri storitvi tega kaznivega dejanja.

1. Ta konvencija se v skladu s pogoji, ki jih določa, uporablja za preprečevanje, preiskovanje in pregon korupcije ter zamrznitev, zaseg, odvzem in vrnitev premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo.
2. Razen če konvencija ne določa drugače, za njeno izvajanje ni nujno, da kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo, ogrozijo državno premoženje ali ga oškodujejo.

1. Države pogodbenice izpolnjujejo svoje obveznosti iz te konvencije skladno z načeli suverene enakosti in ozemeljske celovitosti držav ter nevmešavanja v notranje zadeve držav.
2. Nobena določba te konvencije ne pooblašča države pogodbenice, da na ozemlju druge države izvaja jurisdikcijo in opravlja naloge, ki so v skladu z notranjim pravom te druge države v izključni pristojnosti njenih organov.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema sprejema in izvaja ali uporablja učinkovite in usklajene protikorupcijske usmeritve, ki spodbujajo sodelovanje družbe in izražajo načela vladavine prava, ustreznega vodenja javnih zadev in ustreznega upravljanja javnega premoženja, integriteto, preglednost in odgovornost.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica si prizadeva, da vzpostavi in spodbuja učinkovite postopke za preprečevanje korupcije.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica si prizadeva občasno oceniti ustrezne pravne dokumente in upravne ukrepe, da bi ugotovila, ali so primerni za preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej.
4. Države pogodbenice po potrebi in v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojih pravnih sistemov sodelujejo med seboj in z ustreznimi mednarodnimi in regionalnimi organizacijami pri spodbujanju in razvijanju ukrepov iz tega člena. Tako sodelovanje lahko zajema udeležbo v mednarodnih programih in projektih za preprečevanje korupcije.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svoje pravne ureditve zagotovi obstoj organa ali po potrebi organov, ki preprečujejo korupcijo na navedene načine:
(a) z izvajanjem usmeritev iz 5. člena te konvencije ter po potrebi z nadziranjem in usklajevanjem izvajanja teh usmeritev;
(b) izpopolnjevanjem in širjenjem znanja o preprečevanju korupcije.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema zagotovi organu ali organom iz prejšnjega odstavka potrebno neodvisnost, da lahko opravljajo svoje naloge učinkovito in brez nedovoljenih vplivov. Zagotoviti je treba potrebne materialne vire in specializirano osebje kakor tudi usposabljanje, ki ga osebje potrebuje, da lahko opravlja svoje naloge.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica sporoči generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov ime in naslov organa ali organov, ki lahko pomagajo drugim državam pogodbenicam pri razvijanju in izvajanju posebnih ukrepov za preprečevanje korupcije.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica si v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema, in kadar je primerno, prizadeva, da sprejme, uporablja in izboljšuje postopke za izbiranje, zaposlovanje, stalnost, napredovanje in upokojitev uradnikov in drugih neizvoljenih javnih uslužbencev, ki:
(a) temeljijo na načelih učinkovitosti in preglednosti ter objektivnih merilih, kot so dosežki, nepristranskost in usposobljenost;
(b) vključujejo primerne postopke za izbiro in usposabljanje posameznikov za javne položaje, ki veljajo kot posebej občutljivi za korupcijo, ter po potrebi kroženje takih posameznikov na druge položaje;
(c) spodbujajo ustrezen osebni dohodek in pravične plačilne lestvice ob upoštevanju ravni gospodarskega razvoja države pogodbenice;
(d) spodbujajo programe izobraževanja in usposabljanja za izpolnjevanje zahtev po pravilnem, poštenem in ustreznem opravljanju javnih nalog in zagotavljanje specializiranega in ustreznega usposabljanja za ozaveščanje o nevarnosti korupcije, ki so ji izpostavljeni pri opravljanju svojih nalog. Taki programi lahko vključujejo napotila na pravila ali standarde ravnanja na ustreznih področjih.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica tudi preuči možnosti za sprejetje ustreznih zakonskih in upravnih ukrepov, skladnih z namenom te konvencije ter temeljnimi načeli notranjega prava, za predpisovanje meril za kandidaturo in izvolitev na javno funkcijo.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica tudi preuči možnosti za sprejetje ustreznih zakonskih in upravnih ukrepov, skladnih z namenom te konvencije ter temeljnimi načeli notranjega prava, za povečanje preglednosti financiranja kandidatur za volitve na javno funkcijo in financiranje političnih strank, kadar je primerno.
4. Vsaka država pogodbenica si v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava prizadeva sprejeti, ohraniti in okrepiti sisteme, ki spodbujajo preglednost in preprečujejo nasprotje interesov.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema zaradi boja proti korupciji med drugim spodbuja integriteto, poštenost in odgovornost med svojimi javnimi uslužbenci.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica si v okviru svojih institucionalnih in pravnih sistemov zlasti prizadeva uporabljati pravila ali standarde ravnanja za pravilno, pošteno in ustrezno opravljanje javnih nalog.
3. Za izvajanje določb tega člena vsaka država pogodbenica, v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema, in kadar je primerno, upošteva ustrezne pobude regionalnih, medregionalnih in večstranskih organizacij, kot je Mednarodni kodeks ravnanja za javne uslužbence, priložen k resoluciji Generalne skupščine 51/59 z dne 12. decembra 1996.
4. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava preuči možnosti za vzpostavitev ukrepov in sistemov, s katerimi javnim uslužbencem olajša poročanje o korupciji ustreznim organom, če jo zaznajo pri opravljanju svojih nalog.
5. Vsaka država pogodbenica si v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava in po potrebi prizadeva vzpostaviti ukrepe in sisteme, ki od javnih uslužbencev zahtevajo, da ustreznim organom med drugim prijavijo svoje dodatne dejavnosti, zaposlitev, naložbe, premoženje in večja darila ali ugodnosti, ki lahko povzročijo nasprotje interesov pri opravljanju njihovih nalog.
6. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava preuči možnosti za sprejetje disciplinskih ali drugih ukrepov proti javnim uslužbencem, ki kršijo pravila ali standarde, določene v skladu s tem členom.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da vzpostavi ustrezne sisteme javnih naročil, ki temeljijo na preglednosti, konkurenci in objektivnih merilih pri odločanju, in so med drugim učinkoviti pri preprečevanju korupcije. Taki sistemi, ki pri uporabi lahko upoštevajo ustrezne mejne vrednosti, med drugim vključujejo:
(a) javno obveščanje o postopkih javnih naročil in pogodbah, vključno z informacijami o razpisih za zbiranje ponudb in pomembnimi ali z njimi povezanimi informacijami o dodelitvi posla, kar morebitnim ponudnikom omogoča dovolj časa, da se pripravijo in predložijo svoje ponudbe;
(b) vnaprej določene pogoje za sodelovanje, vključno z merili za izbiro in dodelitev ter razpisnimi pravili, in njihovo objavo;
(c) uporabo objektivnih in vnaprej določenih meril za odločitve o javnih naročilih, s čimer se omogoči poznejše preverjanje pravilne uporabe pravil ali postopkov;
(d) učinkovit sistem notranje revizije, vključno z učinkovitim sistemom pritožbe, da se zagotovijo pravna sredstva, kadar se ne upoštevajo pravila ali postopki iz tega odstavka;
(e) po potrebi ukrepe za ureditev vprašanj, ki se nanašajo na osebje, odgovorno za javna naročila, kot so prijava interesa za posamezna javna naročila, postopki pregleda in zahteve po usposabljanju.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema sprejme ustrezne ukrepe za spodbujanje preglednosti in odgovornosti pri upravljanju javnih financ. Taki ukrepi med drugim zajemajo:
(a) postopke za sprejetje državnega proračuna;
(b) pravočasno poročanje o prihodkih in odhodkih;
(c) sistem računovodskih in revizijskih standardov in povezanega pregleda nad delovanjem;
(d) učinkovite in uspešne sisteme obvladovanja tveganja in notranjega nadzora in
(e) pri neizpolnjevanju zahtev iz tega odstavka ustrezno ukrepanje za odpravo takega stanja.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme take civilne in upravne ukrepe, ki so v skladu s temeljnimi načeli njenega notranjega prava potrebni, da se ohrani neoporečnost računovodskih knjig, evidenc, računovodskih izkazov ali drugih dokumentov, povezanih z javnimi odhodki in prihodki, ter prepreči ponarejanje takih dokumentov.

Ob upoštevanju potrebe po boju proti korupciji vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da se poveča preglednost v javni upravi, vključno z njeno organizacijo, delovanjem in postopki odločanja, kadar je to primerno. Taki ukrepi lahko med drugim zajemajo:
(a) sprejemanje postopkov ali predpisov, ki omogočajo javnosti, da pridobi, kadar je to primerno, informacije o organizaciji, delovanju in postopkih odločanja javne uprave in ob ustreznem upoštevanju varovanja zasebnosti in osebnih podatkov o odločitvah in pravnih aktih, ki se nanašajo na posameznike;
(b) poenostavitev upravnih postopkov, kadar je to primerno, da se olajša dostop javnosti do pristojnih organov odločanja, in
(c) objavljanje informacij, ki lahko vključujejo redna poročila o nevarnostih za korupcijo v državni upravi.

1. Ob upoštevanju neodvisnosti sodstva in njegove ključne vloge v boju proti korupciji vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega pravnega sistema in brez poseganja v neodvisnost sodstva sprejme ukrepe za krepitev integritete in preprečitev možnosti za korupcijo sodnikov. Taki ukrepi lahko zajemajo pravila v zvezi z njihovim ravnanjem.
2. Ukrepi, podobni tistim iz prejšnjega odstavka, se lahko sprejmejo in uporabljajo v organih pregona v državah pogodbenicah, v katerih ti organi niso del sodstva, ampak so na podoben način neodvisni.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava sprejme ukrepe za preprečevanje korupcije v zasebnem sektorju, izboljševanje računovodskih in revizijskih standardov v zasebnem sektorju, in kadar je to primerno, zagotovi učinkovite, sorazmerne in odvračilne civilne, upravne ali kazenske sankcije za neizpolnjevanje takih ukrepov.
2. Ukrepi za uresničevanje teh ciljev lahko med drugim zajemajo:
(a) spodbujanje sodelovanja med organi odkrivanja in pregona ter subjekti zasebnega sektorja;
(b) spodbujanje razvoja standardov in postopkov, namenjenih varovanju integritete subjektov zasebnega sektorja, vključno s pravili ravnanja za pravilno, pošteno in ustrezno opravljanje dejavnosti vseh poslovnih subjektov, ter preprečevanju nasprotja interesov in spodbujanju dobre poslovne prakse v poslovnih subjektih in pogodbenih odnosih poslovnih subjektov z državo;
(c) spodbujanje preglednosti med subjekti zasebnega sektorja, vključno z ukrepi, kadar je to primerno, v zvezi z identifikacijo pravnih ali fizičnih oseb, vključenih v ustanovitev in upravljanje gospodarskih družb;
(d) preprečevanje zlorabe postopkov, ki urejajo subjekte zasebnega sektorja, vključno s postopki v zvezi s subvencijami in dovoljenji, ki jih dodelijo organi z javnimi pooblastili za gospodarske dejavnosti;
(e) preprečevanje nasprotij interesov z uvedbo omejitev, kakor je primerno in za ustrezno časovno obdobje, glede poklicnih dejavnosti nekdanjih javnih uslužbencev ali njihove zaposlitve v zasebnem sektorju po njihovem odstopu s položaja ali upokojitvi, kadar so take dejavnosti ali zaposlitev neposredno povezane z nalogami, ki so jih ti javni uslužbenci imeli ali nadzirali, ko so bili na tem položaju;
(f) zagotavljanje, da imajo zasebni poslovni subjekti ob upoštevanju njihove strukture in velikosti zadostne notranje revizijske kontrole, da lahko pomagajo pri preprečevanju in odkrivanju korupcije, in da se računovodska evidenca in potrebni računovodski izkazi takih zasebnih poslovnih subjektov ustrezno revidirajo in potrjujejo.
3. Da bi preprečila korupcijo, vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu z notranjo zakonodajo, ki se nanaša na vodenje knjig in evidenc, razkritje v računovodskih izkazih ter računovodske in revizijske standarde, sprejme potrebne ukrepe za prepoved dejanj, izvedenih z namenom storitve kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo:
(a) neknjiženih računovodskih evidenc;
(b) opravljanja neknjiženih ali neprimerno opredeljenih poslov;
(c) evidentiranja neobstoječih stroškov;
(d) knjiženja obveznosti z nepravilno navedbo njihovega namena;
(e) uporabe ponarejenih dokumentov in
(f) namernega uničenja knjigovodskih listin prej, kot je predvideno z zakonom.
4. Vsaka država pogodbenica prepove davčne olajšave za stroške za podkupnine, ki so eden od znakov kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s 15. in 16. členom te konvencije, in kadar je primerno, za druge stroške, ki nastanejo pri podpiranju korupcijskega ravnanja.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme ustrezne ukrepe v okviru svojih zmožnosti in v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava za spodbujanje aktivnega sodelovanja posameznikov in skupin zunaj javnega sektorja, kot so civilna družba, nevladne organizacije in skupnosti pri preprečevanju korupcije in boju proti njej, ter za ozaveščanje javnosti o obstoju in resnosti korupcije, vzrokih zanjo ter nevarnosti, ki jo pomeni. To sodelovanje je treba okrepiti z ukrepi, kot so:
(a) spodbujanje preglednosti odločanja ter prispevanja javnosti k odločanju;
(b) zagotavljanje učinkovitega dostopa javnosti do informacij;
(c) izvajanje dejavnosti obveščanja javnosti, ki prispevajo k zavračanju korupcije, kakor tudi programov izobraževanja javnosti, vključno s šolskimi in univerzitetnimi učnimi načrti;
(d) upoštevanje, spodbujanje in varovanje svobode pridobivanja, prejemanja, objavljanja in širjenja informacij o korupciji. Za to svobodo lahko veljajo nekatere omejitve, vendar le take, ki jih določa zakon in so potrebne:
(i) zaradi spoštovanja pravic in ugleda drugih;
(ii) zaradi varovanja državne varnosti, javnega reda, javnega zdravja ali morale.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme ustrezne ukrepe, da zagotovi, da so ustrezni protikorupcijski organi iz te konvencije znani javnosti, in po potrebi zagotovi dostop do njih zaradi prijavljanja, vključno anonimnega, vseh dogodkov, ki se lahko obravnavajo kot kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica:
(a) v okviru svojih pristojnosti vzpostavi celovit notranji sistem predpisov in nadzora za banke in nebančne finančne ustanove, vključno s fizičnimi ali pravnimi osebami, ki opravljajo uradne ali neuradne storitve za prenos denarja ali vrednosti, in po potrebi za druge organe, ki so zlasti dovzetni za pranje denarja, da bi preprečila in odkrila vse oblike pranja denarja, pri čemer tak sistem poudarja zahteve za identifikacijo stranke, in kadar je primerno, dejanskega premoženjskega upravičenca, vodenje evidenc ter poročanje o sumljivih transakcijah;
(b) ne glede na 46. člen te konvencije zagotovi, da lahko upravni in regulativni organi, organi odkrivanja in pregona ter drugi organi, katerih naloga je boj proti pranju denarja (vključno s pravosodnimi organi, kadar je to primerno v skladu z notranjim pravom) sodelujejo in izmenjavajo informacije na državni in mednarodni ravni v skladu s pogoji, ki jih predpisuje notranje pravo vsake države pogodbenice, in v ta namen preuči možnosti za ustanovitev finančne obveščevalne enote, ki bi delovala kot nacionalni center za zbiranje, preučevanje in širjenje informacij v zvezi z morebitnim pranjem denarja.
2. Države pogodbenice preučijo možnosti za izvajanje uresničljivih ukrepov za odkrivanje in spremljanje gibanja gotovine in ustreznih prenosljivih vrednostnih papirjev čez svoje meje, s tem da se zagotovi pravilna uporaba informacij in se nikakor ne ovira gibanje zakonitega kapitala. Taki ukrepi lahko vključujejo zahtevo, da posamezniki in poslovni subjekti prijavijo prenos večje količine gotovine in ustreznih prenosljivih vrednostnih papirjev čez mejo.
3. Države pogodbenice preučijo možnosti za izvajanje ustreznih in uresničljivih ukrepov, ki od finančnih ustanov, vključno s posredniki pri prenosu denarnih sredstev, zahtevajo, da:
(a) na obrazce za elektronski prenos sredstev in z njimi povezana sporočila vpišejo točne in popolne podatke o izdajatelju plačilnega naloga;
(b) take podatke ohranijo v celotni plačilni verigi in
(c) poostrijo nadzor nad prenosi sredstev, ki ne vsebujejo popolnih podatkov o izdajatelju plačilnega naloga.
4. Države pogodbenice naj pri ustanavljanju notranjega sistema predpisov in nadzora v skladu z določbami tega člena in ne glede na druge člene te konvencije kot smernice uporabijo ustrezne pobude regionalnih, medregionalnih in večstranskih organizacij proti pranju denarja.
5. Države pogodbenice si prizadevajo, da bi za boj proti pranju denarja razvile in spodbudile svetovno, regionalno, subregionalno in dvostransko sodelovanje med pravosodnimi organi, organi odkrivanja in pregona ter organi, ki urejajo finančno področje.

Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se kot kazniva določijo dejanja, kadar so storjena naklepno:
(a) neposredno ali posredno obljubljanje, ponujanje ali dajanje nedovoljene koristi javnemu uslužbencu, zanj ali za drugo fizično ali pravno osebo, da javni uslužbenec pri opravljanju svojih uradnih dolžnosti opravi uradno dejanje ali ga ne opravi;
(b) če javni uslužbenec posredno ali neposredno zase ali za drugo fizično ali pravno osebo zahteva ali sprejme nedovoljeno korist, da javni uslužbenec pri opravljanju svojih uradnih dolžnosti opravi uradno dejanje ali ga ne opravi.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se kot kaznivo dejanje, kadar je storjeno naklepno, določi neposredno ali posredno obljubljanje, ponujanje ali dajanje nedovoljene koristi tujemu javnemu uslužbencu ali uradniku mednarodne organizacije, zanj ali za drugo fizično ali pravno osebo, da javni uslužbenec ali uradnik zaradi pridobitve ali ohranitve posla ali druge nedovoljene koristi v mednarodnem poslovanju pri opravljanju svojih uradnih dolžnosti opravi uradno dejanje ali ga ne opravi.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepov, potrebnih, da se kot kaznivo dejanje, kadar je storjeno naklepno, določi, kadar tuji javni uslužbenec ali uradnik mednarodne organizacije neposredno ali posredno napeljuje k nedovoljeni koristi ali jo sprejme, zase ali za drugo fizično ali pravno osebo, da javni uslužbenec ali uradnik pri opravljanju svojih uradnih dolžnosti opravi uradno dejanje ali ga ne opravi.

Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se kot kazniva določijo dejanja, kadar so storjena naklepno, poneverbe, neupravičene pridobitve ali neupravičena uporaba premoženja, javnih ali zasebnih sredstev ali vrednostnih papirjev ali druge stvari, zaupane javnemu uslužbencu zaradi njegovega položaja, s strani javnega uslužbenca zanj ali za drugo fizično ali pravno osebo.

Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepov, potrebnih, da se kot kazniva določijo dejanja, kadar so storjena naklepno:
(a) neposredno ali posredno obljubljanje, ponujanje ali dajanje nedovoljene koristi javnemu uslužbencu ali drugi osebi, da bi zlorabila svoj resnični ali domnevni vpliv, da bi od upravnega organa ali drugega organa z javnimi pooblastili države pogodbenice pridobila nedovoljeno korist za pobudnika dejanja ali katero koli drugo osebo;
(b) če javni uslužbenec ali druga oseba neposredno ali posredno zahteva ali sprejme nedovoljeno korist zase ali za drugo osebo, da bi zlorabila svoj resnični ali domnevni vpliv za pridobitev nedovoljene koristi od upravnega organa ali drugega organa z javnimi pooblastili države pogodbenice.

Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepov, potrebnih, da se kot kaznivo dejanje, kadar je storjeno naklepno, določi zloraba položaja, kar pomeni, da javni uslužbenec s kršitvijo zakonodaje pri opravljanju svojih nalog zaradi pridobitve nedovoljene koristi zase ali za drugo fizično ali pravno osebo opravi uradno dejanje ali ga ne opravi.

Vsaka država pogodbenica glede na svojo ustavo in temeljna načela svojega pravnega sistema preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepov, potrebnih, da se kot kaznivo dejanje, kadar je storjeno naklepno, določi nezakonita obogatitev, kar pomeni občutno povečanje premoženja javnega uslužbenca, ki ga ne more ustrezno pojasniti glede na svoje zakonite prihodke.

Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepov, potrebnih, da se kot kazniva določijo dejanja, kadar so storjena naklepno med opravljanjem gospodarskih, finančnih ali poslovnih dejavnosti:
(a) neposredno ali posredno obljubljanje, ponujanje ali dajanje nedovoljene koristi osebi, ki vodi subjekt zasebnega sektorja ali dela zanj, za to ali drugo osebo, da bi s kršitvijo svojih dolžnosti opravila kakšno dejanje ali ga ne bi;
(b) če katera koli oseba, ki vodi subjekt zasebnega sektorja ali dela zanj, neposredno ali posredno zahteva ali sprejme nedovoljeno korist, zase ali za drugo osebo, da bi s kršitvijo svojih dolžnosti opravila kakšno dejanje ali ga ne bi.

Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepov, potrebnih, da se kot kaznivo dejanje, kadar je storjeno naklepno med opravljanjem gospodarskih, finančnih ali poslovnih dejavnosti, določi, če oseba, ki vodi subjekt zasebnega sektorja ali dela zanj, poneveri kakršno koli premoženje, zasebna sredstva ali vrednostne papirje ali drugo stvar, zaupano tej osebi zaradi njenega položaja.

1. V skladu s temeljnimi načeli notranjega prava sprejme vsaka država pogodbenica zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se kot kazniva določijo dejanja, kadar so storjena naklepno:
(a)
(i) menjava ali prenos premoženja z vednostjo, da gre za premoženjsko korist, pridobljeno s kaznivim dejanjem, da se utaji ali prikrije nezakonit izvor premoženja ali pomaga osebi, ki je udeležena pri storitvi predhodnega kaznivega dejanja, da se izogne pravnim posledicam svojega ravnanja;
(ii) utaja ali prikrivanje prave narave, izvora, kraja, razpolaganja, gibanja ali lastništva premoženja ali pravic v zvezi z njim z vednostjo, da gre pri tem premoženju za premoženjsko korist, pridobljeno s kaznivim dejanjem;
(b) glede na temelje svoje pravne ureditve:
(i) pridobitev, posest ali uporaba premoženja, kadar se ob prejemu ve, da je tako premoženje premoženjska korist, pridobljena s kaznivim dejanjem;
(ii) udeležba, povezovanje ali tajen dogovor o storitvi ali poskusu storitve kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s tem členom, ter pomoč, napeljevanje, omogočanje in svetovanje pri storitvi takih kaznivih dejanj.
2. Za izvajanje ali uporabo prvega odstavka tega člena:
(a) si vsaka država pogodbenica prizadeva uporabljati prvi odstavek tega člena pri čim večjem številu predhodnih kaznivih dejanj;
(b) vsaka država pogodbenica vključi kot predhodna kazniva dejanja vsaj vsa kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo;
(c) za namene pododstavka b predhodna kazniva dejanja vključujejo dejanja, storjena v jurisdikciji države pogodbenice in zunaj nje. Dejanja, storjena zunaj jurisdikcije države pogodbenice, so predhodna kazniva dejanja le, če so kazniva po notranjem pravu države, v kateri je bilo dejanje storjeno, in bi bila kazniva tudi po notranjem pravu države pogodbenice, ki izvaja ali uporablja ta člen, če bi bila tam storjena;
(d) vsaka država pogodbenica generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov pošlje kopije svojih zakonov, ki uveljavljajo ta člen, prav tako pa tudi vse njihove poznejše spremembe ali njihov opis;
(e) če to zahtevajo temeljna načela notranjega prava države pogodbenice, se lahko določi, da se kazniva dejanja iz prvega odstavka tega člena ne nanašajo na osebe, ki so storile predhodno kaznivo dejanje.

Ne glede na 23. člen te konvencije vsaka država pogodbenica preuči sprejetje zakonodajnih in drugih ukrepov, potrebnih, da se kot kaznivo dejanje določi, kadar oseba prikrije premoženje ali ga obdrži, če ve, da je bilo premoženje pridobljeno s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo, kadar je storjeno naklepno in po storitvi dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo, ter brez udeležbe pri takem kaznivem dejanju.

Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se kot kazniva dejanja, kadar so storjena naklepno, določijo:
(a) uporaba fizične sile, grožnje ali ustrahovanje ali obljubljanje, ponujanje ali dajanje nedovoljene koristi, da bi se dosegla kriva izpovedba ali da bi se vplivalo na pričanje ali izvajanje dokazov v postopku v zvezi s storitvijo kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo;
(b) uporaba fizične sile, grožnje ali ustrahovanje, da bi se vplivalo na opravljanje uradnih dolžnosti uradnih oseb v pravosodju ter organih odkrivanja in pregona v zvezi s storitvijo kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo. Nobena določba tega pododstavka ne posega v pravico držav pogodbenic, da s svojo zakonodajo ščitijo tudi druge javne uslužbence.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica skladno s svojimi pravnimi načeli sprejme potrebne ukrepe za določitev odgovornosti pravnih oseb za udeležbo pri kaznivih dejanjih, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo.
2. Glede na pravna načela države pogodbenice je odgovornost pravnih oseb lahko kazenska, civilna ali upravna.
3. Taka odgovornost ne posega v kazensko odgovornost fizičnih oseb, ki so storile kazniva dejanja.
4. Vsaka država pogodbenica še posebej zagotovi, da so pravne osebe, odgovorne po določbah tega člena, kaznovane z učinkovitimi, sorazmernimi in odvračilnimi kazenskimi ali nekazenskimi sankcijami, vključno z denarnimi.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se kot kazniva določi udeležba pri kaznivem dejanju v kateri koli vlogi, kakor je sostorilec, pomagač ali napeljevalec h kaznivemu dejanju, določenemu v skladu s to konvencijo.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom sprejme zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se poskus storitve kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo, določi kot kazniv.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom sprejme zakonodajne in druge ukrepe, potrebne, da se pripravljanje na kaznivo dejanje, določeno v skladu s to konvencijo, določi kot kaznivo.

O vedenju, naklepu ali namenu kot znakih kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo, se lahko sklepa na podlagi objektivnih dejanskih okoliščin.

Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom po potrebi določi dolg zastaralni rok, v katerem je treba začeti postopke za kaznivo dejanje, določeno v skladu s to konvencijo, in določi daljši zastaralni rok ali pretrganje zastaranja, kadar se je domnevni storilec kaznivega dejanja izognil postopku.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica za kaznivo dejanje, določeno v skladu s to konvencijo, določi sankcije glede na težo takega kaznivega dejanja.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme v skladu s svojo pravno ureditvijo in ustavnimi načeli ukrepe, potrebne za določitev in ohranjanje ravnotežja med imunitetami ali privilegiji glede jurisdikcije, ki jih podeli svojim javnim uslužbencem pri opravljanju svojih nalog, in možnostjo, da po potrebi učinkovito preiskuje, kazensko preganja in razsoja o kaznivih dejanjih, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica si prizadeva zagotoviti, da se diskrecijska pravica v njenem notranjem pravu v zvezi s kazenskim pregonom oseb zaradi kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, uresniči tako, da kar najbolj poveča učinkovitost ukrepov odkrivanja in pregona v zvezi z navedenimi kaznivimi dejanji ob upoštevanju potrebe, da se prepreči storitev takih dejanj.
4. Pri kaznivih dejanjih, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom in ob ustreznem upoštevanju pravic obrambe sprejme take zakonske in druge ukrepe, s katerimi si prizadeva zagotoviti, da pogoji, od katerih so odvisne odločitve o izpustitvi med sojenjem ali pritožbenim postopkom, upoštevajo potrebo po zagotovitvi navzočnosti obtoženca v nadaljnjem kazenskem postopku.
5. Vsaka država pogodbenica upošteva težo kaznivih dejanj, kadar se odloča o morebitnem predčasnem ali pogojnem odpustu oseb, obsojenih zaradi takih kaznivih dejanj.
6. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svoje pravne ureditve preuči uvedbo postopkov, s katerimi lahko ustrezni organ ob upoštevanju domneve nedolžnosti po potrebi odstavi, začasno odstavi ali premesti javnega uslužbenca, obtoženo kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo.
7. Kadar teža kaznivega dejanja to upravičuje, vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svoje pravne ureditve preuči uvedbo postopkov, s katerimi se na podlagi odredbe sodišča ali z drugim ustreznim sredstvom osebam, obsojenim zaradi kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, za obdobje, ki ga določa njeno notranje pravo, prepove opravljanje:
(a) javne funkcije in
(b) funkcije v poslovnem subjektu, ki je v celoti ali delno v lasti države.
8. Prvi odstavek tega člena ne vpliva na pooblastila pristojnih organov, da izvajajo disciplinske postopke proti uradnikom.
9. Nobena določba te konvencije ne vpliva na načelo, da opis kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, in možnosti obrambe ali drugih pravnih načel za nadzor zakonitosti ravnanja izhaja izključno iz notranjega prava države pogodbenice in da se taka kazniva dejanja preganjajo in kaznujejo v skladu s tem pravom.
10. Države pogodbenice si prizadevajo spodbujati ponovno vključitev v družbo tistih oseb, ki so bile obsojene zaradi kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme v največjem obsegu, ki ga dopušča notranja pravna ureditev, ukrepe, potrebne za odvzem:
(a) premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo, ali premoženja, katerega vrednost ustreza vrednosti te premoženjske koristi;
(b) premoženja, opreme ali drugih predmetov, ki se uporabljajo ali so namenjena za kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme zaradi morebitnega odvzema ukrepe, potrebne za prepoznavo, odkrivanje, zamrznitev ali zaseg vsega, kar je omenjeno v prvem odstavku tega člena.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom sprejme take zakonske in druge ukrepe, s katerimi uredi upravljanje pristojnih organov z zamrznjenim, zaseženim ali odvzetim premoženjem iz prvega in drugega odstavka tega člena.
4. Kadar je premoženjska korist, pridobljena s kaznivim dejanjem, v celoti ali delno preoblikovana ali zamenjana v drugo premoženje, se ukrepi iz tega člena namesto za premoženjsko korist uporabijo za to premoženje.
5. Kadar se premoženjska korist, pridobljena s kaznivim dejanjem, vključi v zakonito pridobljeno premoženje, se lahko tako premoženje ne glede na pooblastila v zvezi z zamrznitvijo ali zasegom odvzame v višini ocenjene vrednosti vključene premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem.
6. Za dohodek ali drugo korist, ki izvira iz premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, iz premoženja, v katero se taka premoženjska korist preoblikuje ali zamenja, ali iz premoženja, v katero je vključena taka premoženjska korist, se ukrepi iz tega člena uporabijo na enak način in v enakem obsegu kot za premoženjsko korist, pridobljeno s kaznivim dejanjem.
7. Za namen tega člena in 55. člena te konvencije vsaka država pogodbenica pooblasti svoja sodišča ali druge pristojne organe, da odredijo, da se bančni, finančni ali poslovni podatki dajo na razpolago ali zasežejo. Država pogodbenica ne sme odkloniti ravnanja po tem odstavku zaradi varovanja tajnosti bančnih podatkov.
8. Države pogodbenice lahko preučijo možnost, da od storilca kaznivega dejanja zahtevajo, da dokaže zakonit izvor domnevne premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, ali drugega premoženja za odvzem, če je taka zahteva skladna s temeljnimi načeli notranjega prava držav pogodbenic in naravo sodnih in drugih postopkov.
9. Določbe tega člena se ne smejo razlagati tako, da posegajo v pravice dobrovernih tretjih oseb.
10. Nobena določba tega člena ne vpliva na načelo, da se ukrepi, na katere se nanaša, opredelijo in izvajajo v skladu z določbami notranjega prava države pogodbenice in ob njihovem upoštevanju.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme ustrezne ukrepe v skladu s svojo notranjepravno ureditvijo in v okviru svojih možnosti za zagotovitev učinkovite zaščite pred morebitnim maščevanjem ali zastraševanjem prič in izvedencev, ki pričajo o kaznivih dejanjih, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, in po potrebi njihovih sorodnikov in drugih bližnjih.
2. Ukrepi iz prvega odstavka tega člena lahko brez poseganja v pravice obdolženca in vključno s pravico do zakonitega sodnega postopka med drugim vključujejo:
(a) uvedbo postopkov za fizično varovanje teh oseb v obsegu, ki je potreben in izvedljiv, kakor sta njihova premestitev, in kadar je ustrezno, dovoljenje, da se podatki glede identitete in prebivališča teh oseb ne razkrijejo ali delno razkrijejo;
(b) pravila dokaznega postopka, ki dovoljujejo pričam in izvedencem, da pričajo na način, ki zagotavlja njihovo varnost, kakor je pričanje z uporabo komunikacijske tehnologije, kot je video ali druga primerna sredstva.
3. Države pogodbenice se lahko odločijo za sklenitev sporazumov ali dogovorov z drugimi državami glede premestitve oseb iz prvega odstavka tega člena.
4. Določbe tega člena veljajo tudi za oškodovance, če so priče.
5. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom omogoči, da se mnenja in pomisleki oškodovancev predstavijo in preučijo v ustreznih fazah kazenskega postopka zoper storilca kaznivega dejanja na način, ki ne posega v pravice obrambe.

Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči vključitev ustreznih ukrepov v svojo notranjepravno ureditev, s katerimi lahko zagotovi zaščito pred vsakršnim neupravičenim ravnanjem za vsakogar, ki pristojnim organom v dobri veri in utemeljeno prijavi katero koli dejstvo v zvezi s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo.

Ob ustreznem upoštevanju pravic tretjih oseb, pridobljenih v dobri veri, vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava sprejme ukrepe za obravnavo posledic korupcije. S tem v zvezi lahko države pogodbenice obravnavajo korupcijo kot pomemben dejavnik v pravnem postopku za razveljavitev ali preklic pogodbe, umik koncesije ali drugih podobnih instrumentov ali uporabe drugega ukrepa za odpravo posledic korupcije.

Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava potrebne ukrepe, s katerimi zagotovijo, da imajo subjekti ali osebe, ki so bili oškodovani zaradi korupcijskega dejanja, pravico sprožiti pravni postopek za odškodnino zoper odgovorne za škodo.

Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svoje pravne ureditve zagotovi obstoj organa ali organov oziroma oseb, specializiranih za boj proti korupciji, z odkrivanjem in pregonom. Takemu organu ali organom oziroma osebam se zagotovi potrebna neodvisnost v skladu s temeljnimi načeli pravne ureditve države pogodbenice, da lahko opravljajo svoje naloge učinkovito in brez nedovoljenih vplivov. Osebe ali osebje takega organa ali organov mora biti primerno usposobljeno in imeti sredstva za opravljanje svojih nalog.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme ustrezne ukrepe, s katerimi spodbudi osebe, ki sodelujejo ali so sodelovale pri storitvi kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo, da pristojnim organom priskrbijo podatke, koristne za preiskavo in dokazovanje, in jim zagotovijo dejansko pomoč, ki lahko prispeva k temu, da se storilcem odvzame premoženjska korist, pridobljena s kaznivim dejanjem, in taka premoženjska korist povrne.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči možnost, da v ustreznih primerih zmanjša kazen obtožencu, ki bistveno pomaga pri preiskavi ali pregonu kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči, ali naj predvidi možnost, da v skladu s temeljnimi načeli notranjega prava podeli imuniteto pred pregonom osebi, ki bistveno pomaga pri preiskavi ali pregonu kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo.
4. Zaščita teh oseb se zagotovi s smiselno uporabo 32. člena te konvencije.
5. Kadar lahko oseba iz prvega odstavka tega člena iz ene države pogodbenice bistveno pomaga pristojnim organom druge države pogodbenice, se lahko državi pogodbenici v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom odločita za sklenitev sporazumov ali dogovorov, po katerih lahko druga država pogodbenica zagotovi obravnavo, določeno v drugem in tretjem odstavku tega člena.

Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom sprejme potrebne ukrepe za spodbuditev sodelovanja med svojimi organi z javnimi pooblastili in javnimi uslužbenci na eni strani ter svojimi organi, pristojnimi za preiskavo in pregon kaznivih dejanj, na drugi strani. Pri takem sodelovanju lahko:
(a) prvi organi na lastno pobudo obveščajo organe, pristojne za preiskavo in pregon kaznivih dejanj, kadar obstajajo utemeljeni razlogi za domnevo, da je bilo storjeno katero koli kaznivo dejanje, določeno v skladu s 15., 21. in 23. členom te konvencije, ali
(b) prvi organi na zahtevo organov, pristojnih za preiskavo in pregon, priskrbijo vse potrebne podatke.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom potrebne ukrepe za sodelovanje med državnimi organi, pristojnimi za preiskavo in pregon, ter subjekti zasebnega sektorja, zlasti finančnih ustanov, v zvezi z zadevami, ki vključujejo storitev kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči možnost za spodbujanje svojih državljanov in drugih oseb, ki običajno prebivajo na njenem ozemlju, da državnim organom, pristojnim za preiskavo in pregon, prijavijo storitev kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo.

Vsaka država pogodbenica zagotovi, da so v domačih kazenskih preiskavah kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, v njeni notranjepravni ureditvi na voljo ustrezni mehanizmi za premostitev ovir, ki se lahko pojavijo zaradi izvajanja zakonov o varovanju tajnosti bančnih podatkov.

Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko sprejme potrebne zakonske ali druge ukrepe, da pod takimi pogoji in za namene, za katere meni, da so primerni, upošteva vsakršno prejšnjo obsodbo domnevnega storilca kaznivega dejanja v drugi državi zaradi uporabe takih podatkov v kazenskem postopku v zvezi s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme potrebne ukrepe za določitev svoje sodne pristojnosti za kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo, kadar je kaznivo dejanje storjeno:
(a) na ozemlju te države pogodbenice ali
(b) na plovilu, ki ob storitvi kaznivega dejanja pluje pod zastavo te države pogodbenice, ali na letalu, ki je ob storitvi kaznivega dejanja registrirano po zakonih te države pogodbenice.
2. Ob upoštevanju 4. člena te konvencije lahko država pogodbenica določi sodno pristojnost za katero koli kaznivo dejanje, kadar:
(a) je kaznivo dejanje storjeno zoper državljana te države pogodbenice ali
(b) kaznivo dejanje stori državljan te države pogodbenice ali oseba brez državljanstva, ki običajno prebiva na njenem ozemlju, ali
(c) je to kaznivo dejanje eno tistih, določenih v skladu s podtočko ii točke b prvega odstavka 23. člena te konvencije, in je bilo storjeno zunaj njenega ozemlja zaradi storitve kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s podtočkama ii ali i točke a ali podtočke i točke b prvega odstavka 23. člena te konvencije, na njenem ozemlju ali
(d) je kaznivo dejanje storjeno zoper državo pogodbenico.
3. Za namene 44. člena te konvencije vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme potrebne ukrepe za določitev sodne pristojnosti za kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo, kadar je domnevni storilec kaznivega dejanja na njenem ozemlju in ga ne izroči drugi državi le zato, ker je njen državljan.
4. Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko sprejme potrebne ukrepe za določitev sodne pristojnosti za kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo, kadar je domnevni storilec kaznivega dejanja na njenem ozemlju in ga ne izroči drugi državi.
5. Kadar je država pogodbenica, ki izvaja sodno pristojnost po prvem ali drugem odstavku tega člena, uradno obveščena ali na drug način izve, da druge države pogodbenice vodijo preiskavo, pregon ali sodni postopek v zvezi z istim ravnanjem, se pristojni organi teh držav pogodbenic ustrezno posvetujejo zaradi uskladitve svojih ukrepov.
6. Ne glede na norme splošnega mednarodnega prava ta konvencija ne izključuje izvajanja pristojnosti v zvezi s kaznivimi dejanji, ki jo država pogodbenica določi v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom.

1. Države pogodbenice sodelujejo pri kazenskih zadevah v skladu s 44. do 50. členom te konvencije. Kadar je primerno in skladno z njihovo notranjepravno ureditvijo, se lahko države pogodbenice odločijo, da si pomagajo pri preiskavah in postopkih v civilnih in upravnih zadevah v zvezi s korupcijo.
2. Kadar je pri zadevah mednarodnega sodelovanja dvojna kaznivost pogoj, se šteje, da je izpolnjen, ne glede na to, ali zakonodaja zaprošene države pogodbenice uvršča kaznivo dejanje v isto skupino kaznivih dejanj ali ga enako poimenuje kakor država pogodbenica prosilka, če je ravnanje, ki je kaznivo dejanje, za katero je zaprošena pomoč, kaznivo dejanje po zakonodaji obeh držav pogodbenic.

1. Ta člen se uporablja za kazniva dejanja, določena v skladu s to konvencijo, kadar je oseba, katere izročitev se zahteva, na ozemlju zaprošene države pogodbenice, če je kaznivo dejanje, zaradi katerega se zahteva izročitev, kaznivo po notranjem pravu zaprošene države pogodbenice in države pogodbenice, ki zahteva izročitev.
2. Ne glede na prvi odstavek tega člena lahko država pogodbenica, katere pravo to dovoljuje, dovoli izročitev osebe zaradi kaznivega dejanja iz te konvencije, ki ni kaznivo po njenem notranjem pravu.
3. Kadar prošnja za izročitev vključuje več posamičnih kaznivih dejanj, od katerih je vsaj eno tako, za katero je izročitev obvezna, in nekaj kaznivih dejanj, za katera izročitev ni obvezna zaradi trajanja zaporne kazni, vendar so povezana s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo, lahko zaprošena država pogodbenica uporabi ta člen tudi za ta kazniva dejanja.
4. Za vsako kaznivo dejanje, na katero se nanaša ta člen, se šteje, da je vključeno kot kaznivo dejanje, za katero je izročitev obvezna, v veljavni pogodbi o izročitvi med državami pogodbenicami. Države pogodbenice se zavezujejo, da bodo v vsako pogodbo o izročitvi, ki jo sklenejo, vključile taka kazniva dejanja kot kazniva dejanja, za katera je izročitev obvezna. Vsaka država pogodbenica, katere pravo to dovoljuje, ne šteje nobenega kaznivega dejanja, določenega v skladu s to konvencijo, za politično kaznivo dejanje, kadar uporablja to konvencijo kot podlago za izročitev.
5. Če država pogodbenica, ki pogojuje izročitev z obstojem pogodbe, prejme prošnjo za izročitev od druge države pogodbenice, s katero nima sklenjene pogodbe o izročitvi, lahko to konvencijo šteje kot pravno podlago za izročitev v zvezi s katerim koli kaznivim dejanjem, na katero se nanaša ta člen.
6. Država pogodbenica, ki izročitev pogojuje z obstojem pogodbe:
(a) ob deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi te konvencije ali pristopu k njej obvesti generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov, ali bo to konvencijo uporabljala kot pravno podlago za sodelovanje z drugimi državami pogodbenicami te konvencije pri izročitvi, in
(b) si, če ne uporablja te konvencije kot pravne podlage za sodelovanje pri izročitvi, prizadeva, kadar je to primerno, skleniti pogodbe o izročitvi z drugimi državami pogodbenicami, da bi lahko izvajala ta člen.
7. Države pogodbenice, ki izročitve ne pogojujejo z obstojem pogodbe, med seboj štejejo kazniva dejanja, na katera se nanaša ta člen, kot kazniva dejanja, za katera je izročitev obvezna.
8. Za izročitev veljajo pogoji, predvideni z notranjim pravom zaprošene države pogodbenice ali z veljavnimi pogodbami o izročitvi, med drugim vključno s pogoji, ki se nanašajo na najnižjo kazen, za katero se lahko zahteva izročitev, in z razlogi, na podlagi katerih lahko zaprošena država pogodbenica zavrne izročitev.
9. Države pogodbenice si skladno s svojim notranjim pravom prizadevajo pospešiti postopke za izročitev in poenostaviti zahteve dokaznega postopka, ki se nanašajo nanje, v zvezi s katerim koli kaznivim dejanjem, na katero se nanaša ta člen.
10. Zaprošena država pogodbenica lahko v skladu z določbami svojega notranjega prava in pogodbami o izročitvi ter po ugotovitvi, da okoliščine to upravičujejo in so nujne, na prošnjo države pogodbenice, ki zahteva izročitev, odvzame prostost osebi, za katero se zahteva izročitev in je na njenem ozemlju, ali drugače primerno ukrepa, da zagotovi njeno navzočnost v postopku za izročitev.
11. Če država pogodbenica domnevnega storilca kaznivega dejanja, ki je na njenem ozemlju, ne izroči zaradi kaznivega dejanja, na katero se nanaša ta člen, samo zato, ker je njen državljan, mora na zahtevo države pogodbenice, ki prosi za izročitev, primer nemudoma predati svojim pristojnim organom zaradi pregona. Ti organi sprejmejo odločitev in izvedejo postopke tako kot pri katerem koli drugem težjem kaznivem dejanju po notranjem pravu te države pogodbenice. Državi pogodbenici sodelujeta, zlasti pri postopku in dokazovanju, da bi zagotovili učinkovitost pregona.
12. Če državi pogodbenici njeno notranje pravo dovoljuje, da izroči ali drugače preda osebo, ki je njen državljan, le pod pogojem, da bo ta oseba vrnjena navedeni državi pogodbenici zaradi prestajanja kazni, ki ji je izrečena ob koncu sojenja ali postopka, zaradi katerega je zahtevana izročitev ali predaja te osebe, in da država pogodbenica, ki zahteva izročitev te osebe, soglaša s to možnostjo in drugimi pogoji, za katere državi menita, da so primerni, se taka pogojna izročitev ali predaja šteje za izpolnitev obveznosti iz enajstega odstavka tega člena.
13. Če se izročitev zaradi izvršitve kazni zavrne, ker je zahtevana oseba državljan zaprošene države pogodbenice, ta, če ji notranje pravo to dovoljuje in v skladu z njegovimi zahtevami, na zahtevo države pogodbenice, ki prosi za izročitev, preuči možnost za izvršitev kazni, ki je bila izrečena po notranjem pravu države pogodbenice, ki prosi za izročitev, ali preostanka kazni.
14. Osebi, v zvezi s katero poteka postopek zaradi kaznivega dejanja, na katero se nanaša ta člen, se zagotovi pravična obravnava v vseh fazah postopka, vključno z vsemi pravicami in jamstvi, ki jih zagotavlja notranje pravo države pogodbenice na ozemlju, na katerem je oseba.
15. Nobena določba te konvencije se ne sme razlagati kot obveznost za izročitev, če ima zaprošena država pogodbenica utemeljen razlog, da meni, da je prošnja vložena zaradi pregona ali kaznovanja osebe zaradi njenega spola, rase, vere, državljanstva, etnične pripadnosti ali političnega prepričanja, ali da bi ugoditev prošnji škodila položaju te osebe iz katerega koli tega razloga.
16. Države pogodbenice ne smejo zavrniti prošnje za izročitev le zato, ker se šteje, da kaznivo dejanje vključuje tudi davčne zadeve.
17. Pred zavrnitvijo izročitve se zaprošena država pogodbenica po potrebi posvetuje z državo pogodbenico, ki prosi za izročitev, da ji da dovolj možnosti, da ji predstavi svoja mnenja in zagotovi podatke, pomembne za njene navedbe.
18. Države pogodbenice si prizadevajo skleniti dvostranske in večstranske sporazume ali dogovore, ki omogočajo izročitev ali izboljšajo njeno učinkovitost.

Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko preuči možnosti za sklenitev dvostranskih ali večstranskih sporazumov ali dogovorov o premestitvi oseb, obsojenih na zaporno kazen ali druge oblike odvzema prostosti zaradi kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, na svoje ozemlje, da bi tam lahko prestale kazen.

1. Države pogodbenice si dajejo medsebojno pravno pomoč v čim večjem obsegu pri preiskavah, pregonih in sodnih postopkih v zvezi s kaznivimi dejanji, ki jih zajema ta konvencija.
2. Medsebojna pravna pomoč se daje v največjem obsegu skladno z ustreznimi zakoni, mednarodnimi pogodbami, sporazumi in dogovori zaprošene države pogodbenice za preiskave, pregon in sodne postopke v zvezi s kaznivimi dejanji, za katera bi pravna oseba lahko bila odgovorna skladno s 26. členom te konvencije v državi pogodbenici prosilki.
3. Medsebojna pravna pomoč, ki se daje skladno s tem členom, se lahko zahteva iz katerega koli navedenega razloga:
a) pridobivanje dokazov ali izjav oseb;
b) vročitev sodnih listin;
c) preiskava in zaseg ter zamrznitev sredstev;
d) preučitev predmetov in ogled krajev;
e) zagotavljanje informacij, dokaznih predmetov in ocen izvedencev;
f) zagotavljanje izvirnikov ali overjenih kopij ustreznih dokumentov in listin skupaj z vladnimi, bančnimi, finančnimi, gospodarskimi ali poslovnimi listinami;
g) prepoznava ali odkrivanje premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, premoženja, pripomočkov ali drugih predmetov za dokazne namene;
h) omogočanje prostovoljnega prihoda oseb na sodišče v državi pogodbenici prosilki;
i) katera koli druga vrsta pomoči, ki ni v nasprotju z notranjim pravom zaprošene države pogodbenice;
j) prepoznava, zamrznitev in odkrivanje izkupičkov premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, skladno z določbami V. poglavja te konvencije;
k) vrnitev premoženja skladno z določbami V. poglavja te konvencije.
4. Ne glede na notranje pravo lahko pristojni organi države pogodbenice brez predhodne prošnje dajejo informacije o kazenskih zadevah pristojnemu organu druge države pogodbenice, kadar menijo, da bi mu lahko pomagale pri izvajanju ali uspešnem dokončanju preiskav in kazenskih postopkov ali bi ta država pogodbenica lahko na njihovi podlagi sestavila zaprosilo skladno s to konvencijo.
5. Pošiljanje informacij po četrtem odstavku tega člena ne posega v preiskave in kazenske postopke v državi, v kateri so pristojni organi, ki preskrbijo informacije. Pristojni organi, ki prejmejo informacije, morajo upoštevati zahtevo po zaupnosti informacij, tudi če je začasna, ali po omejitvah njihove uporabe. To pa državi pogodbenici, ki je informacije prejela, ne preprečuje, da v sodnem postopku razkrije razbremenilne informacije za obtoženca. V takem primeru država pogodbenica prejemnica pred razkritjem o tem obvesti državo pogodbenico pošiljateljico in se z njo posvetuje, če to zahteva. Če v izjemnem primeru ni mogoče predhodno obvestilo, mora država pogodbenica prejemnica brez odlašanja obvestiti državo pogodbenico pošiljateljico o razkritju informacij.
6. Določbe tega člena ne vplivajo na obveznosti po drugih dvo- ali večstranskih pogodbah, ki v celoti ali delno urejajo ali bodo urejale medsebojno pravno pomoč.
7. Deveti do devetindvajseti odstavek tega člena se uporabljajo za zaprosila, izdana po tem členu, če držav pogodbenic ne zavezuje pogodba o medsebojni pravni pomoči. Če te države pogodbenice zavezuje pogodba, se uporabljajo njene ustrezne določbe, razen če se države pogodbenice ne dogovorijo, da se namesto njih uporabljajo deveti do devetindvajseti odstavek tega člena. Državam pogodbenicam se priporoča, da uporabljajo te odstavke, če se s tem olajša njihovo sodelovanje.
8. Države pogodbenice ne zavrnejo medsebojne pravne pomoči po tem členu zaradi bančne tajnosti.
9. (a) Če ni dvojne kaznivosti, zaprošena država pogodbenica v odgovor na zaprosilo za pomoč skladno s tem členom upošteva namene te konvencije iz 1. člena.
(b) Države pogodbenice lahko zavrnejo pomoč po tem členu, če ni dvojne kaznivosti. Vendar pa zaprošena država pogodbenica, če je skladno s temelji njene pravne ureditve, da pomoč, ki ne vključuje prisilnih ukrepov. Taka pomoč se lahko zavrne, če zaprosila vsebujejo zadeve zelo majhnega pomena ali zadeve, za katere je zaprošeno sodelovanje ali je pomoč mogoča po drugih določbah te konvencije.
(c) Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko preuči možnosti za sprejetje ukrepov, potrebnih za to, da lahko zagotovi pomoč v večjem obsegu pomoči v skladu s tem členom, če ni identitete norme.
10. Oseba, ki je pridržana ali prestaja kazen na ozemlju ene države pogodbenice in katere navzočnost se zahteva v drugi državi pogodbenici zaradi prepoznave, pričanja ali kakšne druge oblike pomoči pri pridobivanju dokazov za preiskavo, kazenski pregon ali sodne postopke v zvezi s kaznivimi dejanji po tej konvenciji, se lahko premesti, če sta izpolnjena pogoja:
(a) oseba je s tem seznanjena in prostovoljno pristane;
(b) pristojni organi obeh držav pogodbenic se s tem strinjajo pod pogoji, ki ustrezajo državama pogodbenicama.
11. Za namene desetega odstavka tega člena:
a) ima država pogodbenica, v katero je oseba premeščena, pravico in dolžnost, da premeščeno osebo zadrži v priporu, razen če država pogodbenica, iz katere je bila oseba premeščena, ne zahteva ali odobri drugače;
b) država pogodbenica, v katero je oseba premeščena, nemudoma izpolni svojo obveznost, da vrne osebo v pripor države pogodbenice, iz katere je bila oseba premeščena, kot so se predhodno ali drugače dogovorili pristojni organi držav pogodbenic;
c) država pogodbenica, v katero je oseba premeščena, ne zahteva od države pogodbenice, iz katere je bila oseba premeščena, da začne postopek za izročitev zaradi vrnitve te osebe;
d) premeščeni osebi se čas, prebit v zaporu države pogodbenice,v katero je bila oseba premeščena, všteje v kazen, ki jo prestaja v državi, iz katere je bila premeščena.
12. Oseba, ki je premeščena po desetem ali enajstem odstavku tega člena, se na ozemlju države, v katero je premeščena, ne glede na svoje državljanstvo kazensko ne preganja, pridrži, kaznuje ali se ji na kakršen koli drug način omeji prostost zaradi dejanj, opustitev ali obsodb pred njenim odhodom z ozemlja države, iz katere je bila premeščena, razen če se s tem strinja.
13. Vsaka država pogodbenica določi osrednji organ, odgovoren in pristojen za sprejem zaprosil za medsebojno pravno pomoč in njihovo izvedbo ali pošiljanje pristojnim organom v izvedbo. Če je v državi pogodbenici posebna regija ali ozemlje z drugačno ureditvijo medsebojne pravne pomoči, lahko ta država pogodbenica imenuje poseben osrednji organ, ki ima enako vlogo za tisto regijo ali ozemlje. Osrednji organ zagotavlja hitro in pravilno izvajanje ali pošiljanje prejetih zaprosil. Če osrednji organ pošilja zaprosila v izvedbo pristojnemu organu, ga spodbuja, da hitro in pravilno izvede zaprosilo. Ob deponiranju listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi konvencije ali pristopu k njej vse države pogodbenice obvestijo generalnega sekretarja Združenih narodov o osrednjem organu, določenem v ta namen. Zaprosila za medsebojno pravno pomoč in vsa z njimi povezana sporočila se pošiljajo osrednjemu organu, ki ga določijo države pogodbenice. To ne vpliva na pravico države pogodbenice, da zahteva, da se ji v nujnih okoliščinah taka zaprosila in sporočila pošiljajo po diplomatski poti, če se države pogodbenice s tem strinjajo, pa po možnosti prek Mednarodne organizacije kriminalistične policije.
14. Zaprosila so pisna, ali če je mogoče, sestavljena na kateri koli način, ki omogoča zapis v jeziku, ki je sprejemljiv za zaprošeno pogodbenico, pod pogoji, ki omogočajo, da ugotovi verodostojnost zaprosila. Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov mora biti obveščen o jeziku ali jezikih, sprejemljivih za vsako državo pogodbenico ob deponiranju listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi konvencije ali pristopu k njej. Če je to nujno in če se države pogodbenice tako dogovorijo, so zaprosila lahko ustna, vendar jih je treba nemudoma pisno potrditi.
15. Zaprosilo za medsebojno pravno pomoč mora vsebovati:
(a) ime in naslov organa, ki vlaga zaprosilo;
(b) predmet in vrsto preiskave, kazenskega pregona ali sodnega postopka, na katerega se zaprosilo nanaša, ter ime in funkcijo organa, ki vodi preiskavo, kazenski pregon ali sodni postopek;
(c) povzetek pomembnih dejstev, razen pri zaprosilih, katerih namen je vročitev sodnih dokumentov;
(d) opis zaprošene pomoči in podrobnosti vsakega posameznega postopka, za katerega pogodbenica prosilka želi, da bi se izvedel;
(e) če je to mogoče, identiteto, kraj bivanja in državljanstvo vseh zadevnih oseb;
(f) namen, za katerega se prosijo dokazi, informacije ali ukrepi.
16. Zaprošena pogodbenica lahko prosi za dodatne informacije, če se zdi, da je to potrebno zaradi izvedbe zaprosila v skladu z njenim notranjim pravom ali če to lahko olajša njegovo izvedbo.
17. Zaprosilo se izvede skladno z notranjim pravom zaprošene pogodbenice in postopki, navedenimi v zaprosilu, če to ni v nasprotju z notranjim pravom zaprošene pogodbenice in če je mogoče.
18. Država pogodbenica lahko, če je mogoče in skladno s temeljnimi načeli njenega notranjega prava, na zaprosilo druge države pogodbenice dovoli, da sodni organi te države pogodbenice z videokonferenco zaslišijo pričo ali izvedenca, ki je na njenem ozemlju, če osebna navzočnost zaslišanega na ozemlju pogodbenice prosilke ni mogoča ali zaželena. Države pogodbenice se lahko dogovorijo, da zaslišanje vodi sodni organ pogodbenice prosilke ob navzočnosti sodnega organa zaprošene pogodbenice.
19. Pogodbenica prosilka brez predhodnega soglasja zaprošene pogodbenice ne sme poslati ali uporabiti informacij ali dokazov, ki jih je priskrbela zaprošena pogodbenica, za tiste preiskave, kazenski pregon ali sodne postopke, ki niso navedeni v zaprosilu. Nobena določba tega odstavka ne preprečuje pogodbenici prosilki, da v svojem sodnem postopku ne razkrije informacij ali dokazov, razbremenilnih za obtoženca. V tem primeru pogodbenica prosilka o tem obvesti zaprošeno pogodbenico še pred razkritjem in se, če je tako zahtevano, tudi posvetuje z njo. Če izjemoma predhodno obvestilo ni mogoče, pogodbenica prosilka o razkritju nemudoma obvesti zaprošeno pogodbenico.
20. Pogodbenica prosilka lahko zahteva, da zaprošena pogodbenica obstoj in vsebino zaprosila ohrani v tajnosti, razen če to ni potrebno za njegovo izvedbo. Če zaprošena pogodbenica ne more izpolniti tega pogoja, o tem takoj obvesti pogodbenico prosilko.
21. Medsebojna pravna pomoč se lahko zavrne:
(a) če zaprosilo ni sestavljeno v skladu z določbami tega člena;
(b) če zaprošena pogodbenica presodi, da bi izvedba zaprosila lahko ogrozila njeno suverenost, varnost, javni red ali druge bistvene interese;
(c) če notranje pravo zaprošene pogodbenice njenim organom ne bi dopuščalo izvedbe zaprošenih ukrepov pri podobnem kaznivemu dejanju, katerega preiskava, kazenski pregon ali sodni postopek bi bil v njeni sodni pristojnosti;
(d) če bi bila ugoditev zaprosilu v nasprotju s pravnim redom zaprošene pogodbenice.
22. Države pogodbenice ne smejo zavrniti zaprosila za medsebojno pravno pomoč, če je kaznivo dejanje povezano z davki.
23. Vsako zavrnitev medsebojne pravne pomoči je treba razložiti.
24. Zaprošena država pogodbenica čim prej izvede zaprosilo za medsebojno pravno pomoč in upošteva vse roke, ki jih predlaga država pogodbenica prosilka in so po možnosti razloženi že v zaprosilu. Država pogodbenica prosilka lahko na zaprošeno državo pogodbenico naslovi upravičene zahteve za informacije o stanju in napredku ukrepov, ki jih je ta sprejela, da ugodi njenemu zaprosilu. Zaprošena država pogodbenica odgovori državi pogodbenici prosilki na njene upravičene poizvedbe o stanju zaprosila in napredku pri njegovi obravnavi. Država pogodbenica prosilka takoj obvesti zaprošeno državo pogodbenico, če zaprošena pomoč ni več potrebna.
25. Zaprošena pogodbenica lahko odloži izvedbo zaprosila za medsebojno pravno pomoč, če ovira potek preiskave, kazenskega pregona ali sodnega postopka.
26. Zaprošena pogodbenica se, preden zavrne zaprosilo po enaindvajsetem odstavku tega člena ali odloži njegovo izvedbo po petindvajsetem odstavku tega člena, posvetuje s pogodbenico prosilko, da se ugotovi, ali lahko zagotovi pomoč pod pogoji, ki jih šteje za potrebne. Če pogodbenica prosilka sprejme pomoč pod temi pogoji, jih mora upoštevati.
27. Ne glede na dvanajsti odstavek tega člena se priča, izvedenec ali druga oseba, ki na prošnjo pogodbenice prosilke soglaša s pričanjem v sodnem postopku ali s pomočjo pri preiskavi, kazenskem pregonu ali sodnem postopku na ozemlju pogodbenice prosilke, kazensko ne preganja, pridrži, kaznuje ali se ji na kakršen koli drug način omeji prostost na tem ozemlju za dejanja, opustitve ali obsodbe pred odhodom z ozemlja zaprošene pogodbenice. Ta zaščita preneha, če priča, izvedenec ali druga oseba po poteku 15 zaporednih dni ali kakršnem koli drugem obdobju, za katero sta se državi pogodbenici dogovorili, od dne, ko je bila uradno obveščena, da njena navzočnost, ki so jo zahtevali sodni organi, ni več potrebna in je imela možnost, da odide z ozemlja te države, kljub temu prostovoljno ostane na ozemlju pogodbenice prosilke ali se je nanj prostovoljno vrnila, ko ga je že zapustila.
28. Redne stroške za izvedbo zaprosil krije zaprošena pogodbenica, če se državi pogodbenici ne dogovorita drugače. Če izvedba zaprosila zahteva velike ali izredne stroške, se državi pogodbenici posvetujeta, da določita pogoje, po katerih se bo zaprosilo izvedlo, in kako se bodo krili stroški.
29. Zaprošena pogodbenica:
(a) pogodbenici prosilki priskrbi izvode vladne dokumentacije ali informacij, s katerimi razpolaga in so po notranjem pravu dostopne javnosti;
(b) lahko po svoji presoji pogodbenici prosilki priskrbi v celoti, deloma ali pod pogoji, ki se ji zdijo ustrezni, izvode kakršne koli vladne dokumentacije ali informacij, s katerimi razpolaga in ki po notranjem pravu niso dostopne javnosti.
30. Države pogodbenice po potrebi preučijo možnost sklepanja dvo- ali večstranskih sporazumov ali dogovorov, namenjenih boljšemu izvajanju določb tega člena.

Države pogodbenice preučijo možnost prenosa kazenskih postopkov iz ene države pogodbenice v drugo zaradi kazenskega pregona kaznivih dejanj, določenih v skladu s to konvencijo, da bi združile pregon, kadar je tak prenos v interesu učinkovitega delovanja pravosodja, posebno če je pristojnih več pogodbenic.

1. Države pogodbenice skladno s svojimi notranjimi pravnimi in upravnimi ureditvami tesno sodelujejo, da bi povečale učinkovitost kazenskega pregona v boju proti kaznivim dejanjem po tej konvenciji. Vsaka država pogodbenica sprejme učinkovite ukrepe predvsem za:
(a) pospešitev in po potrebi vzpostavitev komunikacijskih poti med svojimi pristojnimi organi, agencijami in službami, da bi s tem olajšala varno in hitro izmenjavo informacij v zvezi z vsemi vidiki kaznivih dejanj po tej konvenciji, vključno s povezavo z drugimi kriminalnimi dejavnostmi, če države pogodbenice menijo, da je to ustrezno;
(b) sodelovanje z drugimi državami pogodbenicami pri poizvedovanjih o kaznivih dejanjih po tej konvenciji, ki se nanašajo na:
(i) istovetnost, bivališče in dejavnost oseb, osumljenih, da so vpletene v ta kazniva dejanja, ali kraj bivanja drugih vpletenih oseb;
(ii) pretok premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, ali premoženja, ki izvira iz storitve kaznivega dejanja;
(iii) pretok premoženja, opreme ali drugih predmetov, uporabljenih ali namenjenih za storitev takih kaznivih dejanj;
(c) za zagotovitev potrebnih predmetov ali količin snovi za analitične ali preiskovalne namene, če je primerno;
(d) izmenjavo podatkov z drugimi državami pogodbenicami o posebnih sredstvih in metodah, ki se uporabljajo za storitev kaznivih dejanj po tej konvenciji, vključno z uporabo lažne identitete, ponarejenih, prirejenih ali lažnih dokumentov ali drugih sredstev za prikrivanje dejavnosti;
(e) olajšanje učinkovitega sodelovanja med njihovimi pristojnimi organi, agencijami, službami in pospeševanje izmenjave osebja in drugih izvedencev, vključno z napotitvijo oseb za zvezo po dvostranskih sporazumih ali dogovorih med državami pogodbenicami;
(f) izmenjavo podatkov in usklajevanje upravnih in drugih ustreznih ukrepov za hitro odkrivanje kaznivih dejanj po tej konvenciji.
2. Za uresničevanje te konvencije države pogodbenice preučijo možnost za sklenitev dvo- ali večstranskih sporazumov ali dogovorov o neposrednem sodelovanju med organi kazenskega pregona, če ti že obstajajo, pa za njihovo spremembo. Če takih sporazumov ali dogovorov med državami pogodbenicami ni, lahko štejejo to konvencijo kot podlago za medsebojno sodelovanje pri kazenskem pregonu za kazniva dejanja po tej konvenciji. Kadar je primerno, države pogodbenice v celoti uporabijo sporazume ali dogovore tudi z mednarodnimi ali regionalnimi organizacijami, da okrepijo sodelovanje med svojimi organi kazenskega pregona.
3. Države pogodbenice si po svojih možnostih prizadevajo sodelovati pri obravnavanju kaznivih dejanj iz te konvencije, storjenih z uporabo sodobne tehnologije.

Države pogodbenice preučijo možnosti za sklepanje dvo- ali večstranskih sporazumov ali dogovorov, s katerimi lahko pristojni organi ustanovijo skupne preiskovalne organe za zadeve, o katerih tečejo preiskave, kazenski pregon ali sodni postopki v eni ali več državah. Če takih sporazumov ali dogovorov ne sklenejo, lahko skupne preiskave potekajo po dogovoru za vsak posamezen primer. Države pogodbenice, ki jih to zadeva, zagotovijo, da se v celoti spoštuje suverenost države pogodbenice, na ozemlju katere naj bi preiskava potekala.

1. Za učinkovit boj proti korupciji vsaka država pogodbenica v obsegu, ki ga dovoljujejo temeljna načela njene notranjepravne ureditve, in v skladu s pogoji, ki jih predpisuje njeno notranje pravo, sprejme take ukrepe, kot so lahko potrebni, da se v okviru njenih sredstev njenim pristojnim organom omogoči na njenem ozemlju ustrezna uporaba nadzorovane pošiljke, in če se ji zdi primerno, druge posebne preiskovalne metode, kot so elektronske ali druge oblike nadzora in tajnih operacij ter omogoči dopustnost tako pridobljenih dokazov na sodišču.
2. Državam pogodbenicam se priporoča, da za sodelovanje na mednarodni ravni po potrebi sklenejo ustrezne dvo- ali večstranske sporazume ali dogovore o uporabi posebnih preiskovalnih metod zaradi preiskav kaznivih dejanj po tej konvenciji. Taki sporazumi ali dogovori se sklepajo ali izvajajo po načelu suverene enakosti držav in se izvajajo izključno po določbah teh sporazumov ali dogovorov.
3. Če ni sporazumov ali dogovorov iz drugega odstavka tega člena, se o uporabi posebnih preiskovalnih metod na mednarodni ravni odloča za vsak posamezen primer posebej in po potrebi upoštevajo finančni dogovori glede izvajanja jurisdikcije držav pogodbenic.
4. Odločitve o uporabi nadzorovane pošiljke na mednarodni ravni lahko s soglasjem udeleženih držav pogodbenic vključujejo metode, kot sta prestrezanje pošiljke ali sredstev in dovoljenje, da nadaljuje pot nedotaknjena ali se njena vsebina v celoti ali delno odstrani ali zamenja.

Temeljno načelo te konvencije je vrnitev premoženja v skladu s tem poglavjem, države pogodbenice pa pri tem čim bolj sodelujejo in si pomagajo.

1. Ne glede na 14. člen te konvencije vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da od finančnih ustanov pod njeno jurisdikcijo zahteva, da preverijo identiteto strank, sprejmejo primerne ukrepe za določitev identitete dejanskih upravičencev do uporabe sredstev z računov z visokimi zneski in poostreno nadzirajo račune, ki jih poskušajo odpreti ali jih imajo posamezniki, ki so jim ali so jim bile zaupane pomembne javne funkcije, njihovi družinski člani in tesni sodelavci ali nekdo v njihovem imenu. Tak poostren nadzor mora biti ustrezno zasnovan za odkrivanje sumljivih transakcij zaradi poročanja pristojnim organom in se ne sme razlagati tako, da finančne ustanove odvrača ali jim prepoveduje poslovanje z upravičenimi strankami.
2. Zaradi lažjega izvajanja ukrepov iz prejšnjega odstavka tega člena vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu z notranjim pravom in zaradi ustreznih pobud regionalnih, medregionalnih in večstranskih organizacij proti pranju denarja:
(a) izda smernice, ki se nanašajo na fizične ali pravne osebe, katerih račune bodo morale finančne ustanove pod njeno jurisdikcijo poostreno nadzirati, na vrste računov in transakcij, ki jim morajo nameniti posebno pozornost, in ukrepe, ki jih morajo sprejeti za odprtje takih računov, njihovo vodenje in evidenco vseh transakcij, in
(b) kadar je ustrezno, na zahtevo druge države pogodbenice ali na svojo pobudo finančnim ustanovam pod svojo pristojnostjo sporoči identiteto fizičnih ali pravnih oseb, katerih račune bodo morale finančne ustanove pod njeno jurisdikcijo poostreno nadzirati, poleg oseb, ki bi jih finančne ustanove kako drugače identificirale.
3. V okviru točke a prejšnjega odstavka vsaka država pogodbenica izvaja ukrepe, da zagotovi, da njene finančne ustanove določeno obdobje hranijo ustrezne evidence računov in transakcij, v katere so bile vključene osebe iz prvega odstavka tega člena, ki morajo vsebovati vsaj informacije o identiteti stranke, po možnosti pa tudi o dejanskem upravičencu.
4. Da bi preprečili in odkrivali prenose premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo, vsaka država pogodbenica izvaja ustrezne in učinkovite ukrepe, da z organi, pristojnimi za ureditev in nadzor tega področja, prepreči ustanovitev bank, ki niso dejansko prisotne in niso povezane z zakonsko nadzorovano finančno skupino. Poleg tega lahko države pogodbenice preučijo možnost, da bi od svojih finančnih ustanov zahtevale, da zavrnejo sklenitev ali nadaljevanje korespondenčnega bančnega razmerja s takimi ustanovami in da se varujejo pred sklepanjem razmerij s tujimi finančnimi ustanovami, ki dovoljujejo, da njihove račune uporabljajo banke, ki niso dejansko prisotne in niso povezane z zakonsko nadzorovano finančno skupino.
5. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom preuči možnost za vzpostavitev učinkovitih sistemov za razkritje finančnega stanja določenih javnih uslužbencev in predpiše ustrezne sankcije za neupoštevanje. Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči tudi možnost za sprejetje potrebnih ukrepov, da se njenim pristojnim organom dovoli izmenjava teh podatkov s pristojnimi organi v drugih državah pogodbenicah zaradi preiskave, zahtevka ali povračila premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo.
6. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom preuči možnost za sprejetje potrebnih ukrepov, kot so lahko potrebni, da od določenih javnih uslužbencev, ki imajo pravico v zvezi s finančnim računom v tuji državi, so njegovi podpisniki ali pa so zanj kako drugače pooblaščeni, zahteva, da o tem razmerju obvestijo pristojne organe in da v zvezi s takimi računi hranijo ustrezno evidenco. S takimi ukrepi se predvidijo tudi ustrezne sankcije za njihovo neupoštevanje.

Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom:
(a) sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da drugi državi pogodbenici omogoči začetek pravdnega postopka na njenih sodiščih zaradi ugotavljanja pravice do premoženja ali lastništva premoženja, pridobljenega s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo;
(b) sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da svojim sodiščem omogoči, da tistim, ki so storili kaznivo dejanje, določeno v skladu s to konvencijo, naloži plačilo nadomestila ali odškodnine drugi državi pogodbenici, ki ji je bila s takim kaznivim dejanjem povzročena škoda, in
(c) sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da svojim sodiščem ali pristojnim organom omogoči, da pri odločanju o odvzemu priznajo drugo državo pogodbenico prosilko za zakonito lastnico premoženja, pridobljenega s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom zaradi zagotavljanja medsebojne pravne pomoči po 55. členu te konvencije v zvezi s premoženjem, pridobljenim s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo, ali uporabljenim zanj:
(a) sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da svojim pristojnim organom omogoči izvršitev odločbe o odvzemu, ki jo izda sodišče druge države pogodbenice;
(b) sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da svojim organom omogoči, da v okviru svoje pristojnosti odredijo odvzem premoženja tujega izvora pri odločanju o kaznivem dejanju pranja denarja ali drugem kaznivem dejanju iz njene pristojnosti ali z drugimi postopki po njenem notranjem pravu, in
(c) preuči možnosti za sprejetje potrebnih ukrepov, da se dovoli odvzem takega premoženja brez kazenske obsodbe, kadar se storilec kaznivega dejanja ne more preganjati zaradi smrti, pobega ali odsotnosti ali v drugih ustreznih primerih.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica zaradi zagotavljanja medsebojne pravne pomoči na zaprosilo na podlagi drugega odstavka 55. člena te konvencije v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom:
(a) sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da svojim pristojnim organom omogoči zamrznitev ali zaseg premoženja na podlagi odločbe o zamrznitvi ali zasegu, ki jo izda sodišče ali pristojni organ države pogodbenice prosilke in je lahko utemeljena podlaga za prepričanje zaprošene države pogodbenice, da obstajajo zadostni razlogi za take ukrepe in da bo za premoženje pozneje odrejen odvzem za namene točke a prejšnjega odstavka;
(b) sprejme potrebne ukrepe, da svojim pristojnim organom omogoči zamrznitev ali zaseg premoženja na podlagi zaprosila, ki je za zaprošeno državo pogodbenico utemeljena podlaga za prepričanje, da obstajajo zadostni razlogi za take ukrepe in da bo za premoženje pozneje odrejen odvzem za namene točke a prejšnjega odstavka;
(c) preuči možnost za sprejetje dodatnih ukrepov, ki bodo njenim pristojnim organom omogočili zavarovanje premoženja za odvzem na podlagi prijetja v tujini ali kazenske obtožbe v zvezi s pridobitvijo takega premoženja.

1. Država pogodbenica, ki je od druge države pogodbenice z jurisdikcijo za kaznivo dejanje, določeno v skladu s to konvencijo, prejela zaprosilo za odvzem premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, premoženja, opreme ali drugih predmetov iz prvega odstavka 31. člena te konvencije, ki so na njenem ozemlju, kolikor je mogoče glede na njeno notranjepravno ureditev:
(a) zaprosilo predloži svojim pristojnim organom zaradi izdaje odločbe o odvzemu in jo, če se taka odločba izda, izvrši ali
(b) svojim pristojnim organom zaradi njene izvršitve v zahtevanem obsegu predloži odločbo o odvzemu, ki jo izda sodišče na ozemlju države pogodbenice prosilke v skladu s prvim odstavkom 31. člena in točko a prvega odstavka 54. člena te konvencije, če se nanaša na premoženjsko korist, pridobljeno s kaznivim dejanjem, premoženje, opremo ali druge predmete iz prvega odstavka 31. člena, ki so na ozemlju zaprošene države pogodbenice.
2. Na podlagi zaprosila, ki ga predloži druga država pogodbenica z jurisdikcijo za kaznivo dejanje, določeno v skladu s to konvencijo, zaprošena država pogodbenica sprejme ukrepe, da ugotovi, izsledi in zamrzne ali zaseže premoženjsko korist, pridobljeno s kaznivim dejanjem, premoženje, opremo ali druge predmete iz prvega odstavka 31. člena te konvencije zaradi morebitne zaplembe, ki jo odredi država pogodbenica prosilka ali zaprošena država pogodbenica v skladu z zaprosilom iz prvega odstavka.
3. Za ta člen se smiselno uporabljajo določbe 46. člena te konvencije. Zaprosila na podlagi tega člena vsebujejo poleg podatkov iz petnajstega odstavka 46. člena še:
(a) pri zaprosilu iz točke a prvega odstavka tega člena opis premoženja, ki se odvzame, ki naj po možnosti vključuje kraj, kjer je premoženje, in če je ustrezno, ocenjeno vrednost premoženja ter navedbo dejstev, na katere se sklicuje država pogodbenica prosilka, ki zadostujejo, da zaprošena država pogodbenica lahko zaprosi za izdajo odločbe na podlagi svojega notranjega prava;
(b) pri zaprosilu iz točke b prvega odstavka tega člena, pravno sprejemljiv izvod odločbe o odvzemu, na kateri temelji zaprosilo države pogodbenice prosilke, navedbo dejstev in podatkov v obsegu, ki ga zahteva izvršitev odločbe, navedbo ukrepov, ki jih je sprejela država pogodbenica prosilka, da je ustrezno obvestila tretje dobroverne osebe in zagotovila predpisan postopek, ter izjavo, da je odločba o odvzemu pravnomočna;
(c) pri zaprosilu iz prejšnjega odstavka, navedbo dejstev, na katere se sklicuje država pogodbenica prosilka, in opis zahtevanih ukrepov ter pravno sprejemljiv izvod odločbe, na kateri temelji zaprosilo, če je mogoče.
4. Zaprošena država pogodbenica sprejme odločitve ali ukrepe iz prvega in drugega odstavka tega člena v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom in ob upoštevanju njegovih določb in svojih postopkovnih pravil ali dvo- ali večstranskega sporazuma ali dogovora, ki jo obvezuje do države pogodbenice prosilke.
5. Vsaka država pogodbenica generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov predloži izvod svojih zakonov in predpisov, s katerimi izvajajo ta člen, ter vse njihove nadaljnje spremembe ali njihov opis.
6. Če se država pogodbenica odloči, da bo sprejetje ukrepov iz prvega in drugega odstavka tega člena pogojevala z obstojem ustrezne mednarodne pogodbe, se ta konvencija šteje za potrebno in zadostno pogodbeno podlago.
7. Sodelovanje po tem členu se lahko tudi zavrne, začasni ukrepi pa odpravijo, če zaprošena država pogodbenica ne prejme pravočasno zadovoljivih dokazov ali če je vrednost premoženja majhna.
8. Pred odpravo začasnega ukrepa, sprejetega na podlagi tega člena, zaprošena država pogodbenica po možnosti omogoči državi pogodbenici, da predstavi razloge za ohranitev ukrepa.
9. Nobena določba tega člena se ne razlaga kot poseg v pravice dobrovernih tretjih oseb.

Vsaka država pogodbenica si ne glede na svoje notranje pravo prizadeva za sprejetje ukrepov, ki ji ne glede na njene preiskave, kazenske pregone ali sodne postopke omogočijo pošiljanje podatkov o premoženjski koristi, pridobljeni s kaznivim dejanjem, določenim v skladu s to konvencijo, drugi državi pogodbenici brez predhodnega zaprosila, če meni, da bi razkritje takih podatkov lahko državi pogodbenici prejemnici pomagalo pri uvedbi ali izvedbi preiskav, kazenskih pregonov ali sodnih postopkov ali pa bi lahko bilo podlaga za zaprosilo te države pogodbenice po tem poglavju konvencije.

1. Država pogodbenica na podlagi tretjega odstavka tega člena v skladu z določbami te konvencije in svojim notranjim pravom razpolaga s premoženjem, ki ga je odvzela na podlagi 31. ali 55. člena te konvencije, vključno z vrnitvijo njenim prejšnjim zakonitim lastnikom.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava sprejme zakonodajne in druge potrebne ukrepe, da se njenim pristojnim organom omogoči, da na zahtevo druge države pogodbenice v skladu s to konvencijo vrnejo odvzeto premoženje ob upoštevanju pravice tretjih dobrovernih oseb.
3. V skladu s 46. in 55. členom te konvencije ter prvim in drugim odstavkom tega člena zaprošena država pogodbenica:
(a) vrne odvzeto premoženje državi pogodbenici prosilki pri poneverbi javnih sredstev ali pranju poneverjenih javnih sredstev, kakor je navedeno v 17. in 23. členu te konvencije, če gre za odvzem v skladu s 55. členom in na podlagi pravnomočne sodbe v državi pogodbenici prosilki, kar je zahteva, ki se ji zaprošena država pogodbenica lahko odpove;
(b) vrne odvzeto premoženje državi pogodbenici prosilki pri premoženjski koristi, pridobljeni z drugim kaznivim dejanjem iz te konvencije, če gre za odvzem v skladu z njenim 55. členom in na podlagi pravnomočne sodbe v državi pogodbenici prosilki, kar je zahteva, ki se ji zaprošena država pogodbenica lahko odpove, če država pogodbenica prosilka zaprošeni državi pogodbenici utemeljeno dokaže svoje prejšnje lastništvo takega odvzetega premoženja ali če zaprošena država pogodbenica državi pogodbenici prosilki prizna škodo kot podlago za vrnitev odvzetega premoženja;
(c) v vseh drugih primerih prednostno preuči možnost za vrnitev odvzetega premoženja državi pogodbenici prosilki, vrnitev takega premoženja njegovim prejšnjim zakonitim lastnikom ali za povrnitev škode oškodovancem zaradi kaznivega dejanja.
4. Zaprošena država pogodbenica lahko, če je ustrezno, odšteje razumne stroške, nastale pri preiskavah, kazenskih pregonih ali sodnih postopkih, ki so privedli do vrnitve odvzetega premoženja v skladu s tem členom ali razpolaganja z njim, razen če države pogodbenice ne odločijo drugače.
5. Države pogodbenice lahko v posameznih primerih, če je ustrezno, posebej preučijo možnosti za sklenitev sporazumov ali medsebojno sprejemljivih dogovorov za dokončno razpolaganje z odvzetim premoženjem.

Države pogodbenice medsebojno sodelujejo pri preprečevanju prenosa premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo, in boju proti njemu, ter pri krepitvi načinov in sredstev za povračilo take premoženjske koristi, ter v ta namen preučijo možnost za ustanovitev finančne obveščevalne enote, pristojne za prejemanje, analiziranje in pošiljanje poročil pristojnim organom o sumljivih finančnih transakcijah.

Države pogodbenice preučijo možnost za sklenitev dvo- ali večstranskih sporazumov ali dogovorov za povečanje učinkovitosti mednarodnega sodelovanja po tem poglavju konvencije.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica, če je potrebno, uvede, razvije ali izboljša posebne programe usposabljanja za osebje, odgovorno za preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej. Taki programi usposabljanja bi lahko med drugim obravnavali:
(a) učinkovite ukrepe za preprečevanje, odkrivanje, preiskovanje, kaznovanje in nadzor korupcije, vključno z uporabo metod zbiranja dokazov in preiskovanja;
(b) usposabljanje za razvoj in načrtovanje strateške protikorupcijske politike;
(c) usposabljanje pristojnih organov za pripravo zaprosil za medsebojno pravno pomoč, ki ustrezajo zahtevam te konvencije;
(d) oceno in krepitev institucij, upravljanja javnih služb in javnih financ, vključno z javnimi naročili, ter zasebnega sektorja;
(e) preprečevanje prenosa premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo, in boj proti njemu ter povračilo takih premoženjskih koristi;
(f) odkrivanje in zamrznitev prenosa premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo;
(g) nadzorovanje pretoka premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo, in metod, uporabljenih za prenos, zatajitev ali prikrivanje take premoženjske koristi;
(h) ustrezne in učinkovite pravne in upravne načine ter metode za pospešitev vrnitve premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo;
(i) metode za zaščito oškodovancev in prič, ki sodelujejo s pravosodnimi organi, in
(j) usposabljanje na področju notranjih in mednarodnih ureditev in jezikov.
2. Države pogodbenice v svojih vsakokratnih načrtih in programih za boj proti korupciji preučijo, kako bi si skladno s svojimi zmožnostmi čim bolj strokovno pomagale, zlasti v korist držav v razvoju, vključno z materialno pomočjo in usposabljanjem na področjih iz prejšnjega odstavka ter usposabljanjem, pomočjo in medsebojno izmenjavo ustreznih izkušenj in strokovnega znanja, kar bo pospešilo mednarodno sodelovanje med državami pogodbenicami pri izročitvi in medsebojni pravni pomoči.
3. Države pogodbenice po potrebi okrepijo prizadevanja za kar največje povečanje delovanja in usposabljanja v mednarodnih in regionalnih organizacijah ter z ustreznimi dvo- in večstranskimi sporazumi ali dogovori.
4. Države pogodbenice preučijo, kako bi si na prošnjo pomagale pri ocenjevanju, študijah in raziskavah, ki se nanašajo na vrste, vzroke, posledice in stroške korupcije v teh državah, da bi ob sodelovanju pristojnih organov in družbe razvile strategije in akcijske načrte za boj proti korupciji.
5. Države pogodbenice lahko sodelujejo pri izmenjavi imen strokovnjakov, ki lahko pomagajo pri hitrejšem vračanju premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivimi dejanji, določenimi v skladu s to konvencijo.
6. Države pogodbenice preučijo možnost za uporabo podregionalnih, regionalnih in mednarodnih konferenc in seminarjev za spodbujanje sodelovanja in strokovne pomoči ter razprave o skupnih vprašanjih, vključno s posebnimi težavami in potrebami držav v razvoju in držav z gospodarstvom v prehodu.
7. Države pogodbenice preučijo možnost za vzpostavitev prostovoljnih mehanizmov, da bi s programi in projekti strokovne pomoči finančno prispevale k prizadevanjem držav v razvoju in držav z gospodarstvom v prehodu, da bodo izvajale to konvencijo.
8. Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči možnost za prostovoljne prispevke Uradu Združenih narodov za droge in kriminal, da bi z njegovo pomočjo spodbujale programe in projekte v državah v razvoju zaradi izvajanja te konvencije.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v posvetovanju s strokovnjaki preuči možnost za analiziranje dogajanj na področju korupcije na svojem ozemlju ter okoliščin, v katerih prihaja do korupcijskih kaznivih dejanj.
2. Države pogodbenice preučijo možnost, da med seboj in prek mednarodnih in regionalnih organizacij razvijajo in izmenjavajo statistične podatke, analitično strokovno znanje o korupciji in informacije, da bi po možnosti razvile skupne opredelitve, standarde in metodologije, ter tudi informacije o najboljših praksah za preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej.
3. Vsaka država pogodbenica preuči možnost za spremljanje svojih usmeritev in dejanskih ukrepov za boj proti korupciji ter presojo njihove uspešnosti in učinkovitosti.

1. Države pogodbenice sprejmejo ukrepe, ki z mednarodnim sodelovanjem čim bolj prispevajo k najboljšemu izvajanju te konvencije, ob upoštevanju negativnih učinkov, ki jih ima korupcija na družbo na splošno, zlasti na trajnostni razvoj.
2. Države pogodbenice si kar najbolj z medsebojnim usklajevanjem ter z usklajevanjem z mednarodnimi in regionalnimi organizacijami dejansko prizadevajo:
(a) na različnih ravneh povečati svoje sodelovanje z državami v razvoju, da bi okrepile zmožnost teh držav za preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej;
(b) povečati finančno in materialno pomoč v podporo prizadevanjem držav v razvoju za učinkovito preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej ter v pomoč tem državam pri uspešnem izvajanju konvencije;
(c) zagotoviti strokovno pomoč državam v razvoju in državam z gospodarstvom v prehodu, da bi jim pomagale izpolniti vse, kar je potrebno za izvajanje te konvencije. V ta namen si države pogodbenice prizadevajo ustrezno in redno prostovoljno prispevati na račun, ki je v sistemu financiranja Združenih narodov temu posebej namenjen. Države pogodbenice lahko v skladu s svojim notranjim pravom in določbami te konvencije tudi posebej preučijo možnost, da bi na ta račun prispevale odstotek denarja ali ustrezne vrednosti premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, ali premoženja, odvzetega v skladu z določbami te konvencije;
(d) spodbujati in prepričevati druge države oziroma finančne ustanove, da se jim pridružijo pri prizadevanjih v skladu s tem členom, zlasti z zagotavljanjem več programov usposabljanja in sodobne opreme državam v razvoju, da bi jim pomagali pri uresničevanju ciljev te konvencije.
3. Ti ukrepi po možnosti ne vplivajo na obstoječe zaveze o tuji pomoči ali na druge dogovore o finančnem sodelovanju na dvostranski, regionalni ali mednarodni ravni.
4. Države pogodbenice lahko sklenejo dvo- ali večstranske sporazume oziroma dogovore o materialni in logistični pomoči ob upoštevanju finančnih dogovorov, potrebnih za učinkovito mednarodno sodelovanje, predvideno s to konvencijo, ter za preprečevanje, odkrivanje in nadzor korupcije.

1. Ustanovi se konferenca držav pogodbenic konvencije, da bi izboljšali usposobljenost držav pogodbenic in sodelovanje med njimi zaradi uresničevanja ciljev iz te konvencije in da se spodbuja in pregleduje njeno izvajanje.
2. Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov skliče konferenco držav pogodbenic najpozneje eno leto po začetku veljavnosti te konvencije. Nato se organizirajo redni sestanki konference držav pogodbenic v skladu s poslovnikom, ki ga sprejme konferenca.
3. Konferenca držav pogodbenic sprejme poslovnik in pravila, ki urejajo dejavnosti iz tega člena, vključno s pravili o sprejemu in sodelovanju opazovalcev, ter plačila stroškov, nastalih pri opravljanju teh dejavnosti.
4. Konferenca držav pogodbenic se dogovori o dejavnostih, postopkih in načinih dela za uresničevanje ciljev iz prvega odstavka tega člena, vključno s:
(a) spodbujanjem dejavnosti držav pogodbenic po 60. in 62. členu ter II. do V. poglavju te konvencije, vključno s spodbujanjem zbiranja prostovoljnih prispevkov;
(b) spodbujanjem izmenjave informacij med državami pogodbenicami o značilnostih in dogajanjih na področju korupcije ter o uspešni praksi za preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej ter za vrnitev premoženjske koristi, pridobljene s kaznivim dejanjem, med drugim z objavljanjem ustreznih informacij, kot je omenjeno v tem členu;
(c) sodelovanjem z ustreznimi mednarodnimi in regionalnimi organizacijami in mehanizmi ter nevladnimi organizacijami;
(d) primerno uporabo pomembnih informacij, ki jih zagotovijo drugi mednarodni in regionalni mehanizmi za boj proti korupciji in njeno preprečevanje, da bi se izognili nepotrebnemu podvajanju dela;
(e) rednim pregledovanjem, kako države pogodbenice izvajajo to konvencijo;
(f) dajanjem priporočil, da bi izboljšali to konvencijo in njeno izvajanje;
(g) upoštevanjem zahtev držav pogodbenic v zvezi s strokovno pomočjo glede izvajanja te konvencije in priporočanjem ukrepanja, za katero konferenca meni, da je potrebno.
5. Konferenca držav pogodbenic se za izvajanje prejšnjega odstavka ustrezno seznani z ukrepi, ki so jih sprejele države pogodbenice za izvajanje te konvencije, ter s težavami, na katere so naletele, in sicer s pomočjo informacij, ki so jih zagotovile države pogodbenice, in dopolnilnih načinov pregledovanja, ki jih lahko določi konferenca držav pogodbenic.
6. Vsaka država pogodbenica zagotovi konferenci držav pogodbenic informacije o svojih programih, načrtih in praksi ter zakonodajnih in upravnih ukrepih za izvajanje te konvencije, ki jih zahteva konferenca držav pogodbenic. Konferenca držav pogodbenic preuči najučinkovitejši način prejemanja informacij in ravnanja na njihovi podlagi, kar med drugim vključuje informacije, ki jih prejme od držav pogodbenic in pristojnih mednarodnih organizacij. Upoštevajo se lahko tudi prispevki ustreznih nevladnih organizacij, ki so pravilno akreditirane v skladu s postopki, ki jih določi konferenca držav pogodbenic.
7. V skladu s četrtim do šestim odstavkom tega člena konferenca držav pogodbenic, če meni, da je to potrebno, ustanovi kakršen koli primeren organ ali telo za učinkovito izvajanje konvencije.

1. Generalni sekretar Združenih narodov konferenci držav pogodbenic konvencije zagotovi potrebne storitve sekretariata.
2. Sekretariat:
(a) pomaga konferenci držav pogodbenic pri izvajanju dejavnosti iz 63. člena te konvencije ter ureja in zagotavlja potrebne storitve za zasedanja konference držav pogodbenic;
(b) na prošnjo pomaga državam pogodbenicam pri zagotavljanju informacij konferenci držav pogodbenic, kakor je predvideno v petem in šestem odstavku 63. člena te konvencije, in
(c) zagotavlja potrebno usklajevanje s sekretariati ustreznih mednarodnih in regionalnih organizacij.

1. Vsaka država pogodbenica v skladu s temeljnimi načeli svojega notranjega prava sprejme potrebne ukrepe skupaj z zakonodajnimi in upravnimi za zagotovitev izpolnjevanja svojih obveznosti po tej konvenciji.
2. Vsaka država pogodbenica lahko za preprečevanje korupcije in boj proti njej sprejme strožje ali ostrejše ukrepe, kakor so določeni v tej konvenciji.

1. Države pogodbenice si prizadevajo reševati spore zaradi razlage ali uporabe te konvencije s pogajanji.
2. Spor med dvema ali več državami pogodbenicami zaradi razlage ali uporabe te konvencije, ki ga v razumnem času ni mogoče rešiti s pogajanji, se na predlog ene države pogodbenice predloži v arbitražo. Če se države pogodbenice v šestih mesecih po predlogu za arbitražo ne morejo dogovoriti o organizaciji arbitraže, lahko vsaka država pogodbenica predloži spor Meddržavnemu sodišču v skladu z njegovim statutom.
3. Država pogodbenica lahko ob podpisu, ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi te konvencije ali pristopu k njej izjavi, da se ne šteje za zavezano po prejšnjem odstavku. Drugi odstavek tega člena drugih držav pogodbenic v odnosu do države pogodbenice, ki je dala tak pridržek, ne zavezuje.
4. Država pogodbenica, ki je dala pridržek v skladu s prejšnjim odstavkom, ga lahko kadar koli umakne z uradnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov.

1. Konvencija je vsem državam na voljo za podpis od 9. do 11. decembra 2003 v Meridi v Mehiki in nato do 9. decembra 2005 na sedežu Združenih narodov v New Yorku.
2. Konvencija je na voljo za podpis tudi regionalnim organizacijam za gospodarsko povezovanje, če je vsaj ena država članica te organizacije podpisala to konvencijo v skladu s prejšnjim odstavkom.
3. Konvencijo je treba ratificirati, sprejeti ali odobriti. Listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. Regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko povezovanje lahko deponira svojo listino o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi, če je tako storila vsaj ena njena država članica. V listini o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi ta organizacija izjavi, kakšen je obseg njene pristojnosti za zadeve, ki jih ureja ta konvencija. Ta organizacija obvesti depozitarja tudi o vsaki pomembni spremembi obsega svojih pristojnosti.
4. H konvenciji lahko pristopi katera koli država ali regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko povezovanje, katere vsaj ena država članica je pogodbenica te konvencije. Listine o pristopu se deponirajo pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov. Regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko povezovanje ob pristopu izjavi, kakšen je obseg njenih pristojnosti glede zadev, ki jih ureja ta konvencija. Ta organizacija obvesti depozitarja tudi o vsaki pomembni spremembi glede obsega svojih pristojnosti.

1. Konvencija začne veljati devetdeseti dan po datumu deponiranja tridesete listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju, odobritvi ali pristopu. Po tem odstavku se listina, ki jo deponira regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko povezovanje, ne šteje za dodatno k tistim, ki so jih deponirale države članice te organizacije.
2. Za državo ali regionalno organizacijo za gospodarsko povezovanje, ki ratificira, sprejme, odobri to konvencijo ali k njej pristopi po deponiranju tridesete listine, začne ta konvencija veljati trideseti dan po datumu deponiranja ustrezne listine te države ali organizacije ali z dnem, ko ta konvencija začne veljati v skladu s prejšnjim odstavkom, kar je pozneje.

1. Po petih letih po začetku veljavnosti te konvencije lahko država pogodbenica predlaga spremembo in jo pošlje generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov, ki predlagano spremembo pošlje državam pogodbenicam in konferenci držav pogodbenic konvencije v obravnavo in odločanje o predlogu. Konferenca držav pristopnic stori vse, da doseže soglasje o vsaki spremembi. Če so izčrpana vsa prizadevanja za soglasje in ni bil dosežen sporazum, je za sprejetje spremembe potrebna dvetretjinska večina držav pogodbenic, ki so navzoče in glasujejo na sestanku konference držav pogodbenic.
2. Regionalne organizacije za gospodarsko povezovanje pri zadevah iz svojih pristojnosti uresničujejo svojo glasovalno pravico po tem členu s številom glasov, ki je enako številu njihovih držav članic, ki so pogodbenice konvencije. Take organizacije ne smejo uresničevati svoje glasovalne pravice, če njihove države članice uresničujejo svoje, in nasprotno.
3. Države pogodbenice morajo ratificirati, sprejeti ali odobriti spremembo, sprejeto v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena.
4. Sprememba, sprejeta v skladu s prvim odstavkom tega člena, začne za državo pogodbenico veljati devetdeset dni po datumu deponiranja listine o ratifikaciji, sprejetju ali odobritvi take spremembe pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.
5. Ko sprememba začne veljati, je zavezujoča za tiste države pogodbenice, ki so izrazile soglasje, da jih zavezuje. Druge države pogodbenice še naprej zavezujejo določbe te konvencije in vse prejšnje spremembe, ki so jih ratificirale, sprejele ali odobrile.

1. Država pogodbenica lahko odpove to konvencijo s pisnim obvestilom generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov. Odpoved začne veljati eno leto po tem, ko je generalni sekretar prejel uradno obvestilo.
2. Regionalna organizacija za gospodarsko povezovanje preneha biti pogodbenica te konvencije, ko jo odpovejo vse njene države članice.

1. Depozitar te konvencije je generalni sekretar Združenih narodov.
2. Izvirnik te konvencije, katerega besedila v angleškem, arabskem, francoskem, kitajskem, ruskem in španskem jeziku so enako verodostojna, se deponira pri generalnem sekretarju Združenih narodov.
V POTRDITEV NAVEDENEGA so podpisani, ki so jih za to pravilno pooblastile njihove vlade, podpisali to konvencijo.

Republika Slovenija ob deponiranju svoje listine o ratifikaciji Konvencije Združenih narodov proti korupciji generalnemu sekretarju Združenih narodov sporoči naslednjo izjavo:
»Skladno s točko a) šestega odstavka 44. člena bo Republika Slovenija konvencijo uporabljala kot pravno podlago za sodelovanje z drugimi državami pogodbenicami te konvencije pri izročitvi.
Skladno s trinajstim odstavkom 46. člena konvencije je v Republiki Sloveniji osrednji organ, odgovoren in pristojen za sprejem zaprosil za medsebojno pravno pomoč in njihovo izvedbo ali pošiljanje pristojnim organom v izvedbo, Ministrstvo za pravosodje.
Skladno s štirinajstim odstavkom 46. člena konvencije so jeziki, sprejemljivi za Republiko Slovenijo, slovenski, angleški in francoski jezik.«

Za izvajanje te konvencije skrbita Ministrstvo za pravosodje in Vrhovno državno tožilstvo Republike Slovenije.

Ta zakon začne veljati naslednji dan po objavi v Uradnem listu Republike Slovenije – Mednarodne pogodbe.